| Hypochilus | |
|---|---|
 | |
| H. thorelli feeding | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Hypochilidae |
| Genus: | Hypochilus Marx, 1888 [1] |
| Type species | |
| H. thorelli Marx, 1888 | |
| Species | |
10, see text | |
Hypochilus is a genus of North American lampshade spiders that was first described by George Marx in 1888. [2]
As of February 2022 [update] it contains 11 species, all found in the United States: [1]
Lampshade spiders, family Hypochilidae, are among the most primitive of araneomorph spiders. There are two genera and twelve species currently recognized. Like mygalomorphs, most hypochilids have two pairs of book lungs, but like araneomorphs they have intersecting fangs, with the exception of some species which have chelicerae in an angle that is neither orthognathous or labidognathous. These long-legged spiders build typical "lampshade" style webs under overhangs and in caves. In the United States the fauna is primarily associated with the Appalachian, Rocky and California Mountains. Ten of the known species are found in these ranges, all in the genus Hypochilus. The genus Ectatosticta is found in China.
Mysmenopsis is a kleptoparasitic genus of tiny tropical and subtropical American spiders in the family Mysmenidae. Most live in the funnelwebs of spiders in the family Dipluridae. M. archeri lives on webs of a species in the family Pholcidae, M. capac and M. cienaga have been observed living in Cyrtophora (Araneidae) webs. One reason why diplurid webs are preferred seems to be that they are persistent in time and space, sometimes spanning several years.
Cesonia is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1893.
Coneweb spiders (Diguetidae) are six-eyed haplogyne spiders that live in tangled space webs, fashioning a cone-like central retreat where they hide and lay eggs. It is a small family, containing only two genera split between a range in the Southwestern United States and Mexico and a range in South America. Members of the genus Diguetia usually build their webs in shrubs or between cactus pads. They have the same eye arrangement as the venomous recluse spiders, but none are known to be harmful to humans.
Hypochilus thorelli is a species of spider in the family Hypochilidae. Unlike almost all other araneomorph or "true" spiders, members of the family have four book lungs. They are often called "lampshade spiders" because of the shape of their webs which are usually built underneath ledges or projections. H. thorelli is found in the southern Appalachian Mountains of the eastern United States.
Micaria is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Niklas Westring in 1851. They are 1.3 to 6.5 millimetres long.
Anapisona is a genus of araneomorph spiders in the family Anapidae, first described by Willis J. Gertsch in 1941.
Austrochilus is a genus of South American cribellate araneomorph spiders in the family Austrochilidae, first described by H. Zapfe in 1955.
Orthonops is a genus of North American araneomorph spiders in the family Caponiidae, first described by R. V. Chamberlin in 1924.
Appaleptoneta is a genus of North American Leptonetids that was first described by Norman I. Platnick in 1986.
Calileptoneta is a genus of North American Leptonetids that was first described by Norman I. Platnick in 1986.
Drassyllus is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by R. V. Chamberlin in 1922.
Scopoides is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by Norman I. Platnick in 1989.
Zorocrates is a genus of spiders in the family Zoropsidae. It was first described in 1888 by Simon. As of 2017, it contains 31 species.
Phrurotimpus is a genus of araneomorph spiders first described by R. V. Chamberlin and Wilton Ivie in 1935. The name is a compound adjective meaning "guarding the stone". Originally added to the Liocranidae, it was moved to the Corinnidae in 2002, then to the Phrurolithidae in 2014. They have red egg sacs that look like flattened discs, often found on the underside of stones.
Archoleptonetidae is a family of spiders in the order Araneae. There are two genera and about eight described species in Archoleptonetidae. They are known from the western USA, southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Panama. This family was formerly a subfamily of Leptonetidae.
| Authority control databases: National |
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