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Xanthidae is a family of crabs known as gorilla crabs, mud crabs, pebble crabs or rubble crabs. Xanthid crabs are often brightly coloured and are highly poisonous, containing toxins which are not destroyed by cooking and for which no antidote is known. The toxins are similar to the tetrodotoxin and saxitoxin produced by puffer fish, and may be produced by bacteria in the genus Vibrio living in symbiosis with the crabs, mostly V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus.
Alpheus is a genus of snapping shrimp of the family Alpheidae. This genus contains in excess of 330 species, making this the most species-rich genus of shrimp. Like other snapping shrimp, the claws of Alpheus are asymmetrical, with one of the claws enlarged for making a popping noise. Some species in the genus enter into symbiotic relationships with gobiid fishes, and others associate with sea anemones.
Pseudothelphusidae is a family of freshwater crabs found chiefly in mountain streams in the Neotropics. They are believed to have originated in the Greater Antilles and then crossed to Central America via a Pliocene land bridge. Some species of this family are troglobitic.
Potamonautidae is a family of freshwater crabs endemic to Africa, including the islands of Madagascar, the Seychelles, Zanzibar, Mafia, Pemba, Bioko, São Tomé, Príncipe and Sherbro Island. It comprises 18 extant genera and 138 extant species. Fossil remains dating from the Late Miocene period have been attributed to the family Potamonautidae.
Paguristes is a genus of hermit crab in the family Diogenidae. It includes the following species :
Neostrengeria is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Potamocarcinus is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae.
Ptychophallus is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae.
Fredius is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Chaceus is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Lindacatalina is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Microthelphusa is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Moritschus is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Strengeriana is a genus of crabs in the family Pseudothelphusidae, containing the following species:
Seychellum alluaudi is a species of freshwater crab endemic to the Seychelles, and the only true freshwater crab in that country. It lives in rainforest streams on the archipelago's granitic high islands. Although it may be abundant, little is known about its biology. If its habitat were to decline in quality, S. alluaudi might become endangered, but it is currently listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List.
References
- ↑ Cumberlidge, N. (2008). "Hypolobocera andagoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2008: e.T134845A4022256. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T134845A4022256.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑ P. Davie (2010). "Hypolobocera Ortmann, 1897". World Register of Marine Species . Retrieved December 4, 2010.
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