Ground spiders comprise Gnaphosidae, the seventh largest spider family with nearly 2,000 described species in over 100 genera distributed worldwide. There are 105 species known to central Europe, and common genera include Gnaphosa, Drassodes, Micaria, Cesonia, Zelotes and many others. They are closely related to Clubionidae. At present, no ground spiders are known to be seriously venomous to humans.
Langona is a spider genus of the Salticidae family (jumping spiders).
Menemerus is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by Eugène Louis Simon in 1868. They are 4 to 10 millimetres long, flattened in shape, and very hairy, usually with brown and grayish hairs. Most species have white edges on the thorax. The abdomen is often oval, or sometimes elongated or rounded.
Mexcala is a genus of jumping spiders that was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1902. The name is probably derived from the Nahuatl mezcal.
Platyoides is a genus of spiders belonging to the family Trochanteriidae. Its members are known as scorpion spiders and are found in sub-Saharan Africa and its islands, Madagascar, Réunion, Aldabra and the Canary Islands.
Zelotes is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by J. Gistel in 1848.
Crozetulus is a genus of African araneomorph spiders in the Anapidae family, first described by V. V. Hickman in 1939.
Dresserus is a genus of African velvet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1876.
Paradonea is a genus of African velvet spiders that was first described by R. F. Lawrence in 1968.
Drassodella is a genus of African araneomorph spiders in the Gallieniellidae family, and was first described by John Hewitt in 1916. Originally placed with the ground spiders, it was moved to the Gallieniellidae in 1990.
Tyrotama is a genus of African tree trunk spiders that was first described by S. H. Foord & A. S. Dippenaar-Schoeman in 2005.
Rhaeboctesis is a genus of spiders in the Liocranidae family. It was first described in 1897 by Simon. As of 2017, it contains seven species.
Asemesthes is a genus of African ground spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1887.
Trephopoda is a genus of African ground spiders that was first described by R. W. E. Tucker in 1923.
Trichothyse is a genus of African ground spiders that was first described by R. W. E. Tucker in 1923.
Xerophaeus is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by William Frederick Purcell in 1907.
Theuma is a genus of spiders in the Gnaphosidae family. It was first described in 1893 by Simon. As of 2017, it contains 26 species, all found in Namibia or South Africa, with the sole exception of the possibly erroneous Theuma walteri found in Turkmenistan.
Diores is a genus of spiders in the family Zodariidae.
Hexophthalma is a genus of spiders in the family Sicariidae. Although the genus was originally erected in 1878, it was merged into the genus Sicarius in the 1890s, and remained unused until revived in 2017, when it was discovered that the African species then placed in Sicarius were distinct. The English name six-eyed sand spiders is used for members of the genus, particularly Hexophthalma hahni. Species in the genus have necrotic (dermonecrotic) venom, and can potentially cause serious or even life-threatening wounds.
