Impeachment of Dina Boluarte

Impeachment of Dina Boluarte
Accused	Dina Boluarte, president of Peru
Proponents	Congress of Peru
Date	7 December 2022 (2022-12-07) to 10 October 2025 (2025-10-10)
Outcome	Vacancy approval
Charges	Adopted: "Moral incapacity" under Article 113 § 2 of the Constitution of Peru

The impeachment of Dina Boluarte was an action initiated by the Congress of the Republic of Peru with the purpose of declaring the "permanent moral incapacity" of the President of the Republic, Dina Boluarte, under the provision contained in Article 113 of the Constitution of Peru.

The process culminated in the declaration of impeachment against Boluarte, after exceeding the necessary 87 votes. ^[1] Boluarte became the fifth president to be declared in such a situation, after Guillermo Billinghurst (1914), Alberto Fujimori (2000), Martín Vizcarra (2020) and Pedro Castillo (2022).

Background

Throughout her government, Boluarte had faced multiple motions for impeachment for different reasons, including scandals and allegations of corruption, criticism for her performance in the face of citizen insecurity and questions about her way of governing. ^[1] None of these previous motions managed to prosper until they became final debates since mainly, these motions were promoted only by left and far-left parties. ^{[2] [3]} On this occasion, however, right-wing parties such as Popular Renewal, We Are Peru, Alliance for Progress and even Popular Force lent their support to the impeachment process. ^{[4] [5]}

Impeachment

On 9 October 2025, several congressional blocs announced the presentation of multiple motions of impeachment against the president. ^{[6] [7] [8]} At the time of filing, it was not yet known whether the motions had the necessary votes to be admitted to debate. The context of insecurity  [ es ], mainly after the Círculo Militar de Chorrillos shooting  [ es ] the day before, and the growing erosion of the government were used as central arguments by the promoters of the process. ^{[9] [10]}

At 5:00 p.m., the second Motion for the Agenda 19770 was introduced, promoted by Congresswoman Norma Yarrow  [ es ] and other legislators, based on the escalation of citizen insecurity, the lack of leadership of the executive and the alleged inability to govern. ^[8]

At least four motions were registered on that day, all with similar motivation of moral incapacity. The congressmen who promoted the impeachment pointed out that the "crisis of citizen insecurity" had reached critical levels under Boluarte's government, that policies were insufficient and that governability was seriously compromised. ^{[6] [7] [8]}

At the same time, the presidency of the Council of Ministers, led by Eduardo Arana Ysa, and Minister of the Interior Carlos Malaver  [ es ] presented measures to Congress to confront crime, but several parliamentarians considered that these responses were not satisfactory or timely. ^{[11] [12]}

Documents were presented to several embassies to prevent Dina Boluarte from being granted asylum in case she tried to escape when she was deposed. ^[13] However, in the face of rumours of a possible escape, Boluarte's lawyer, Juan Carlos Portugal, ruled out any intention of escape. ^[14] Some demonstrators gathered outside the Ecuadorian embassy and the president's residence in Surquillo. ^[15]

At 9:00 p.m. a brief debate was held on the impeachment motions, to later proceed to the five votes that reached a congressional majority, the only one who voted against on the five occasions being Congressman Alfredo Azurín  [ es ] of We Are Peru. ^[16] Then, a request was made for the final vote on the impeachment motion to be at 11:30 p.m., which was approved with 113 votes in favour. ^[17] However, Dina Boluarte did not appear in Congress at the agreed time. ^[18] Boluarte's lawyer, Portugal, issued a statement declaring that Boluarte was not going to appear before Congress since his client had been given little time to prepare so, he argued, the right to defence had been violated and, in view of this, they were not going to validate such an act. ^[19] After that, at 11:50 p.m. the impeachment process began and at 00:01 on 10 October 2025, the final vote began. At 00:07, Boluarte's impeachment was announced with 122 votes in favour, 0 against and 0 abstentions. ^{[20] [21] [22]}

Once that process was completed, the debate was opened to approve a motion of censure against the Board of Directors of José Jerí. ^[23] While the motion of censure was being voted, Boluarte issued a recorded statement in which she defended her administration. ^[24] After the motion of censure was rejected, Jerí took over as president. ^{[25] [26]}

Voting results

The debate on the request for presidential impeachment was scheduled for Friday 10 October 2025, the date on which the president must exercise her right of defense. ^[21]

President	Date	Vote	Popular Force	Alliance for Progress	Podemos Perú	Together for Peru/Voces del Pueblo	Free Peru	Popular Renewal	We Are Peru	Popular Action	Go on Country – Social Integration Party	Honor y Democracia	Bancada Socialista	Democratic People's Bloc	Ind.	Total
Dina Boluarte Ind.	10 October 2025 Motion approved Convicted	Yes	21	16	13	10	10	11	8	9	6	3	5	5	5	122 / 130
		No														0 / 130
		Abstain														0 / 130

References

1. Briceño, Franklin (9 October 2025). "Peru's Congress removes President Boluarte as a crime wave grips the country". Associated Press. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
2. "Caso Rolex: presentan moción de vacancia contra Dina Boluarte" [Rolex case: They present a motion of impeachment against Dina Boluarte]. Gestión (in Spanish). 31 March 2024. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
3. "Bancadas de izquierda presentan moción de vacancia contra Dina Boluarte por viajar al extranjero" [Leftist benches present motion of impeachment against Dina Boluarte for travelling abroad]. El Comercio (in Spanish). 12 October 2023. ISSN   1605-3052 . Retrieved 10 October 2025.
4. "Pleno da cuenta de cuatro mociones de vacancia contra la presidenta Dina Boluarte" [Plenary session reports four motions of impeachment against President Dina Boluarte]. Comunicaciones del Congreso de la República (in Spanish). 9 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
5. "Pleno del Congreso aprueba admisión a debate de mociones de vacancia contra la presidenta Dina Boluarte" [Plenary session of Congress approves admission to debate of motions of impeachment against President Dina Boluarte]. Comunicaciones del Congreso de la República (in Spanish). 9 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
6. Barrera, Jorge Luis Pinedo (9 October 2025). "Constitucionalista explica el proceso de vacancia presidencial y los posibles escenarios de sucesión" [Constitutionalist explains the presidential impeachment process and the possible succession scenarios]. RPP (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
7. "Congresistas exigen vacancia presidencial contra Dina Boluarte por ola de criminalidad y falta de liderazgo" [Congressmen demand presidential impeachment against Dina Boluarte due to crime wave and lack of leadership]. Comunicaciones del Congreso de la República (in Spanish). 9 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
8. "Presentan segunda moción de vacancia contra la presidenta Dina Boluarte" [Second motion of impeachment against President Dina Boluarte presented]. Comunicaciones del Congreso de la República (in Spanish). 9 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
9. Pantoja, Karina Valencia (9 October 2025). "Dina Boluarte: ¿cómo es el proceso de vacancia presidencial en el Perú?" [Dina Boluarte: what is the presidential impeachment process like in Peru?]. RPP (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
10. Ezerskii, Tomás (9 October 2025). "Moción de vacancia a Dina Boluarte: Cuántos votos se necesitan y quién sería presidente del Perú si se aprueba" [Motion to impeach Dina Boluarte: How many votes are needed and who would be president of Peru if it is approved]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
11. Villarroel Zurita, Alexander (9 October 2025). "Eduardo Arana y su gabinete se presentaron ante el Congreso por el avance de la criminalidad". El Comercio (in Spanish). ISSN   1605-3052 . Retrieved 10 October 2025.
12. Mendoza Talledo, Valeria (10 October 2025). "Carlos Malaver defiende su gestión en el Mininter y pide reconocer el trabajo de la PNP: "El tiempo dará la razón"" [Carlos Malaver defends his management in the Ministry of the Interior and asks to recognise the work of the PNP: "Time will prove right"]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
13. Calderón, Camila (10 October 2025). "Dina Boluarte sin salida: congresistas invocan a más de 40 embajadas negarse a dar asilo o refugio político a la presidenta" [Dina Boluarte with no way out: congressmen invoke more than 40 embassies to refuse to give asylum or political refuge to the president]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
14. Acosta, Sebastián (9 October 2025). "Abogado de Dina Boluarte descarta que mandataria planee fugarse o buscar asilo: "Está bastante serena"" [Dina Boluarte's lawyer rules out that the president plans to flee or seek asylum: "She is quite serene"]. RPP (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
15. Tosso, Valeria (9 October 2025). "Manifestantes se congregan en Embajada de Ecuador y frente al Congreso ante moción de vacancia contra Dina Boluarte" [Demonstrators gather at the Ecuadorian Embassy and in front of Congress in the face of a motion to impeach Dina Boluarte]. La República (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
16. Calderón, Camila; Rojas Berríos, Manuel (9 October 2025). "Vacancia contra Dina Boluarte: Congreso admitió por mayoría las cuatro mociones para destituir a la presidenta y falta acordar fecha de presentación" [Impeachment against Dina Boluarte: Congress admitted by majority the four motions to remove the president and a date of presentation has yet to be agreed]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
17. "Pleno del Congreso aprueba admisión a debate de mociones de vacancia contra la presidenta Dina Boluarte" [Plenary session of Congress approves admission to debate of motions of impeachment against President Dina Boluarte]. Comunicaciones del Congreso de la República (in Spanish). 9 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
18. Espinoza, Analí (10 October 2025). "Dina Boluarte es vacada por "incapacidad moral permanente" por el Congreso de Perú" [Dina Boluarte is impeached for "permanent moral incapacity" by Peru's Congress]. Infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
19. "Abogado de Dina Boluarte: "No acudiremos al Parlamento"" [Dina Boluarte's lawyer: "We will not go to Parliament"]. Panamericana Televisión (in Spanish). 10 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
20. "Congreso de la República aprueba vacancia de Dina Boluarte con 122 votos a favor" [Congress of the Republic approves Dina Boluarte's impeachment with 122 votes in favour]. Comunicaciones del Congreso de la República (in Spanish). 10 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
21. "Congreso vacó a Dina Boluarte de la presidencia: así votaron las bancadas en el Pleno" [Congress removed Dina Boluarte from the presidency: this is how the benches voted in the Plenary]. Infobae (in Spanish). 10 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
22. Palacios, Oswaldo (10 October 2025). "Congreso aprueba la vacancia de Dina Boluarte" [Congress approves the impeachment of Dina Boluarte]. RPP (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
23. "Congreso declara la vacancia de Dina Boluarte" [Congress declares the impeachment of Dina Boluarte]. El Comercio (in Spanish). 10 October 2025. ISSN   1605-3052 . Retrieved 10 October 2025.
24. "Dina Boluarte emite su último mensaje a la nación tras ser vacada por el Congreso" [Dina Boluarte issues her last message to the nation after being impeached by Congress]. lpderecho.pe (in Spanish). 10 October 2025. Retrieved 10 October 2025.
25. Acosta, Sebastián (10 October 2025). "José Jerí juró como presidente de la República tras vacancia de Dina Boluarte" [José Jerí was sworn in as president of the Republic after the impeachment of Dina Boluarte]. RPP (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 October 2025.
26. Aquino, Marco; Morland, Sarah (10 October 2025). "Peru's president removed by Congress, legislature chief sworn in". Reuters. Retrieved 10 October 2025.