| Inca wren | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Troglodytidae |
| Genus: | Pheugopedius |
| Species: | P. eisenmanni |
| Binomial name | |
| Pheugopedius eisenmanni (Parker & O'Neill, 1985) | |
 | |
| Synonyms | |
Thryothorus eisenmanni | |
The Inca wren (Pheugopedius eisenmanni) is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is endemic to Peru. [2]
The Inca wren is monotypic. [2]
Curiously, this species was not detected by professionals until the 1960s and not described until 1985, [3] though it is regularly encountered at Machu Picchu. [4]
The Inca wren is 14.5 to 15.5 cm (5.7 to 6.1 in) long; males weigh 22.0 to 27.0 g (0.78 to 0.95 oz) and females 19.0 to 23.0 g (0.67 to 0.81 oz). The adult male has a dull black crown and nape, a broad white supercilium, and a black and white streaked face. Its shoulders, back, and rump are bright russet and the tail is russet with dusky bars. Its throat is white and the breast and belly are white with bold black streaks. Its flanks are dull yellowish brown. The adult female's crown is charcoal gray, its underparts' streaking is only on the breast, and the tail is less barred than the male's. The juvenile is duller overall, with a brown crown and unstreaked light grayish brown underparts. [4]
The Inca wren is found only in a small area of Peru's Department of Cuzco, on the east side of the Andes at elevations between 1,700 and 3,350 m (5,580 and 10,990 ft). It inhabits the under and middle stories of humid montane forest and its edges. It especially favors dense stands of Chusquea bamboo. [4]
The Inca wren is known to be insectivorous though details of its diet have been little reported. It forages near the ground in bamboo and other dense foliage, usually in pairs but also in groups of up to six individuals. It seldom joins mixed-species foraging flocks. [4]
Almost nothing is known about the Inca wren's breeding phenology. Fledglings have been observed in May. [4]
Male and female Inca wrens sing duets, "a rich, varied, warbled series of whistled phrases" . One call is "a rich tchp or tchp-er, sometimes in chattered series". [4]
The IUCN has assessed the Inca wren as being of Least Concern. Though it has a small range, its population is believed to be increasing. [5] "Given that this species occupies disturbed habitats, it may even benefit, locally, from human activities, such as a low level of clearing for subsistence agriculture and road construction." [4]
The rufous-breasted wren is a small songbird of the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela.
The collared inca is a species of hummingbird found in humid Andean forests from western Venezuela through Colombia and Ecuador to Peru. It is very distinctive in having a white chest-patch and white on the tail. Like other hummingbirds it takes energy from flower nectar, while the plant benefits from the symbiotic relationship by being pollinated. Its protein source is small arthropods such as insects. It is normally solitary and can be found at varying heights above the ground, often in the open.
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The ochre-fronted antpitta is a Vulnerable species of bird in the family Grallariidae. It is endemic to Peru.
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The plain-tailed wren is a species of songbird in the family Troglodytidae. It has a mostly rufous body with a gray, black, and white striped head. It is found in the Andes of southern Colombia, Ecuador, and northern Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. Plain-tailed wrens are so-called bamboo specialists and live almost exclusively in chusquea bamboo thickets. Like other wrens, its diet consists mainly of insects with some seeds and berries.
The black-bellied wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Colombia, Costa Rica, and Panama.
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The spot-breasted wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, and Nicaragua.
The speckle-breasted wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The sooty-headed wren is a species of bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is found in Colombia and Panama.
The ocellated piculet is a species of bird in subfamily Picumninae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is found in Bolivia and Peru and possibly Argentina.
The rufous-breasted piculet is a species of bird in subfamily Picumninae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
The yellow-breasted warbling antbird or yellow-breasted antwarbler, is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru.
The curve-winged sabrewing is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is endemic to Mexico.
The streak-headed antbird is a species of bird in subfamily Thamnophilinae of family Thamnophilidae, the "typical antbirds". It is found in Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru.
