Indian Railways WCAM class

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WCAM 1 at Ahmedabad railway station in 2011 19011 (BCT-ADI) Gujarat Express.jpg
WCAM 1 at Ahmedabad railway station in 2011
WCAM 2P at Vadodara railway station in 2011 BL based WCAM-2P loco - 21867.jpg
WCAM 2P at Vadodara railway station in 2011
WCAM 3 at Kurla railway station in 2007 Wcam3 kurla.jpg
WCAM 3 at Kurla railway station in 2007

WCAM (W -broad gauge ; CA -Both DC and AC ; M -for both goods and passenger service) is the dual-power AC/DC series locomotive used by Indian Railways. These locomotives could run under both DC traction and AC traction. All the WCAM locos except the WCAM 1 (made by CLW) were made by BHEL. They had 750 V DC traction motors, using resistance banks in DC mode and a variable ratio auto-transformer with rectifier units in AC mode, for power control.

Contents

The WCAM class locomotives are in service only in the Mumbai region. The dual-voltage WCAM series locomotives hauled mostly passenger and express trains in to and out of the Mumbai suburban region which was electrified at 1.5 kV DC, as opposed to the rest of India which had and still continues to have 25 kV 50 Hz AC electrification.

The Mumbai suburban region had completely switched over to the 25 kV 50 Hz AC system by 2016 and so the pure AC locomotives started hauling trains in this region, pertaining to the fact that the WCAM locomotives couldn't operate out of Central Railway's boundaries due to exclusivity in their maintenance and lack of training of crew members to operate them. However, after withdrawal of all WCAM-1 locomotives (see below) from service in 2015, WCAM-2, WCAM-3 and WCAG-1 locomotives (see below) were upgraded to work completely under AC traction; as of January 2020, all the WCAM-2 units, and few units of WCAM-3 and WCAG-1 have been converted from DC-AC configuration to 6P-AC configuration. This has relatively improved their performance. Few WCAM-3 units have been employed as bankers on the Karjat-Lonavala section of Central Railways.

Types

There are three types of Locomotives under WCAM class and one type under the WCAG class:

Mixed type locomotives
Goods locomotives

Technical specifications

Comparative specifications of different type of WCAM

Class WCAM–1 WCAM–2/2P WCAM 3 WCAG–1
Year1975-791995-961997+1999–2000
Maker CLW BHEL BHEL BHEL
Traction MotorsAlstom/CLW TAO 659 A1 (575 kW, 750 V). Axle-hung, nose-suspendedTAO 659 (575 kW, 750 V). Axle-hung, nose-suspended, force-ventilatedHitachi HS15250A. Axle-hung, nose-suspended, force-ventilatedHitachi HS15250A. Axle-hung, nose-suspended, force-ventilated.
TransformerHEL BOT 34600. 3460kVABHEL 5400 kVABHEL 5400 kVA. 32 tapsBHEL 5400 kVA. 32 taps
Power(hp)3850 AC (1 hr)2930 DC / 3640 AC cont.)3780? DC / 4720 AC cont.4950 starting4600 (4700?) DC / 5000 AC4600 DC / 5000 AC cont.
RectifiersSilicon rectifiers, 48 cells (321 UFR200) per bridge, 1000 A /1270 VTwo silicon rectifier units D1800N44 (Siemens), 16 cells per bridge. 1000 V / 3600 ATwo silicon rectifier units D1800N44 (Siemens), 16 cells per bridge. 1000 V / 3600 A.Two silicon rectifier units D1800N44 (Siemens), 16 cells per bridge. 1000 V / 3600 A.
Speed(kmph)80-100 DC / 120 AC105 DC / 120 AC105100
Weight(tonnes)113113113128
Quantity53205312
Serial nos21800-85221861-88021881-900 /21931-96321970-981

Loco sheds holding WCAM engines

The only shed currently holding WCAM engines is Kalyan Loco Shed of Central Railway. Valsad Loco Shed of Western Railway used to hold WCAM 1 and WCAM 2 locos.

See also

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WCAM-2 is a class of locomotives used in the Indian Railways system. They are the second of the WCAM series. They use the same motors as WCAM 1 but with different circuitry and gearing. They are operational in routes around Mumbai. MU operation was possible with 3 units. WCAM-2P was the passenger oriented version of WCAM-2 class. However they perform better than WCAM 1 series. Same as WCAM 1 class they also performed poorly in DC mode compared to AC mode. They were also used for hauling trains away from the DC section of suburban trains to AC section and performed the same task as the WCAM-1 did. WCAM-2 locos had the same traction motors, as the WCAM-1 locos, but different circuitry and gearing. The bogies are somewhat different from those of the WCAM-1 being fabricated trimount Co-Co bogies with secondary suspension. Rated speed 105 km/h in DC mode and 120 km/h in AC mode.. Almost all of these were dual-braked, but all are now equipped with air brakes only. All the WCAM-1's and -2's were homed at Valsad shed in Gujarat. Many of CR's WCAM-2 locos were not used much in DC zones as they delivered very poor performance in DC mode and on CR's heavy grades. Although these locos have the same traction motors as the WAM 4 and WCAM 1, the power output from the WCAM-2 locos is higher than for the WAM-4 and WCAM-1 because in those models the traction motors were underfed and did not yield their potential maximum power. Under AC traction, the WCAM-2 locos operate with all six motors in parallel, while in DC mode they also operate in the all-series and series-parallel configurations. Recent WCAM-2's from BHEL, including the passenger-specific version WCAM-2P, were rated 2900 hp in DC mode and 4700 hp in AC mode. These were used by WR and CR for fast trains, running at up to 120 km/h. CR had tried the WCAM-2 and WCAM-2P units but found them usable only with speed restrictions. Some WCAM-2P units had only air brakes. With the WCAM-2 locos, MU operation was possible with up to 3 (4?) units. Some (all?) of the WCAM-2 locos were originally leased to IR, ownership remaining with BHEL, the manufacturers.

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References

Notes

    Bibliography

    • Hughes, Hugh (1996). Indian Locomotives: Part 4 – 1941–1990. Harrow, Middlesex: The Continental Railway Circle. ISBN   0-9521655-1-1.