Indian locomotive class WAP-1

Last updated

WAP-1
WAP-1 Locomotive at Delhi.jpg
WAP-1 in Delhi
Type and origin
Power typeElectric
Builder Chittaranjan Locomotive Works, West Bengal, India
Build date1980–1996
Total producedWAP-1: 65
Specifications
Configuration:
   AAR C-C
   UIC Co′Co′
Gauge Broad gauge|1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in)
Bogies Flexicoil (cast steel bogies); primary and secondary wheel springs with bolsters
Wheel diameterNew:1,092 mm (3 ft 7 in)
Half worn: 1,055 mm (3 ft 5+12 in)
Full worn: 1,016 mm (3 ft 4 in)
Length18.794 m (61 ft 7+2932 in)
Width3.179 m (10 ft 5+532 in)
Height4.272 m (14 ft 316 in)
Axle load 18,800 kg (41,400 lb)
Loco weight112,000 kg (247,000 lb)
Electric system/s 25 kV 50 Hz AC Overhead
Current pickup(s) pantograph
Traction motors Alstom/CLW TAO 659
Loco brake Air
Train brakes Air ,Dual
Safety systemsSlip control, over-voltage relay, main overload relay, earth-fault relay, low-pressure governor, brake cylinder cutoff valve, train parting alarms and No OHE volt relay
Performance figures
Maximum speed130 km/h (81 mph)
Power outputContinuous: 3,800 hp (2,834 kW)
Tractive effort Starting: 22,400 kgf (220 kN; 49,000 lbf)
Career
Operators Indian Railways
Numbers22000–22076, many being converted to WAP-4
LocaleAll over India
DispositionActive

The Indian locomotive class WAP-1 is a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was developed in 1980 by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Passenger traffic (P) locomotive, 1st generation (1). They entered service in late 1981. A total of 65 WAP-1 were built at CLW between 1980 and 1996, which made them the most numerous class of mainline electric passenger locomotive until its successor, the WAP-4.

Contents

The WAP-1 is India's first dedicated electric passenger locomotive of Indian Railways serving passenger trains for over 42 years. This class provided the basic design for a number of other locomotives like WAP-3 and WAP-4 models. However, with the advent of new 3-phase locomotives like WAP-5 and WAP-7, the WAP-1 locomotives were relegated to hauling smaller express and passenger trains and now the aging fleet the WAP-1 locomotives are being slowly withdrawn from mainline duties and scrapped.

As of March 2024, 55 locomotives still retain "operational status" on the mainline as WAP-1, with further examples having been converted to WAP-4.

Development

Background

In the early 1980s, Indian Railways began considering developing a passenger version of its WAM-4 class... [1] Designed for both passenger and goods trains the WAM-4 was one of the most successful locomotives of the 1970s and a mainstay of the Indian Railways.

Five prototype locomotives of this type were ordered from CLW to the design of RDSO. The first prototype locomotive was put into service in 1981. [2] They were first used on the Howrah Rajdhani Express. [3]

The locomotive is powered by six axle-hungs, nose-suspended forced ventilated type DC traction motors. Speed control is achieved by grouping in 2S-3P combination and by field weakening of the motor. It utilises a silicon rectifier for conversion of AC power into DC. [lower-roman 1] [4]

They are being converted to make them suitable for multiple operations. Compressed air brakes for the locomotives and vacuum brakes for the train are provided. The brake system is being modified to make them suitable for dual brakes.

The WAP-1 provided the basis for the WAP-4.

Variants

The WAP-3 is the upgraded variant of the WAP-1 with better top speed. All units of this class were WAP-1 units already in service. The first locomotive converted was a WAP-1 '22005' named Jawahar. Subsequently 8 more WAP-1 were converted, But since the class were not a great success and had performance issues these were converted back to WAP-1.

Locomotive sheds

ZoneNameShed codeQuantity
Northern Railway Alambagh AMV (D)15
North Eastern Railway Izzatnagar IZN (D)15
Southern Railway Erode ED (D)25
'Total locomotives active as of March 2024 [5] 55


See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WAP-5</span> Indian Railway passenger class high speed electric locomotive

Indian locomotive class WAP-5 is a class of electric locomotives used by Indian Railways. The first ten locomotives were imported from ABB in Switzerland in 1995 and later manufactured by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works in India. On 3 July 2014, a WAP-5 set an Indian speed record by hauling a train between Delhi and Agra at a speed of 160 km/h (99 mph). The locomotive has regenerative braking, flexible gear coupling, wheel-mounted disc brakes, and a potential for speed enhancement to 200 km/h (120 mph). Braking systems include 160 kN (36,000 lbf) regenerative brakes, disc brakes, automatic train air brakes and a charged spring parking brake.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WAP-7</span> Indian Railway passenger class electric locomotive

The Indian locomotive class WAP-7 is a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was developed in 1999 by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Passenger traffic (P) locomotive, 7th generation (7). They entered service in 2000. A total of 1532 WAP-7 have been built, with more units being built at CLW, Banaras Locomotive Works (BLW) and Patiala Locomotive Works (PLW).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WAP-4</span> Indian Railway passenger class electric locomotive

The Indian locomotive class WAP-4 is a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was developed in 1993 by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Passenger traffic (P) locomotive, 4th generation (4). They entered service in late 1994. A total of 778 WAP-4 were built at CLW between 1993 and 2015, which made them the most numerous class of mainline electric passenger locomotive until the WAP-7.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WAG-5</span> Indian Railway class electric freight locomotive

The Indian locomotive class WAG-5 is a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was developed in 1978 by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), alternating current (A), goods traffic (G) engine, 5th generation (5). They entered service in 1980. A total of 1196 WAG-5 were built at CLW and BHEL between 1978 and 1998, which made them the most numerous class of mainline electric locomotive till its successor the WAG-7.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WAM-4</span> Indian Railway class electric locomotive

The Indian locomotive class WAM-4 is a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was developed in 1970 by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), alternating current (A), mixed traffic (M) locomotive, 4th generation (4). They entered service in March 1971. A total of 500 WAM-4 were built at CLW between 1970 and 1983, which made them the most numerous class of mainline electric locomotive till its successor the WAG-5.

<i>Howrah–New Delhi Rajdhani Express</i> Train in India

The 12301 / 12302 Howrah–New Delhi Rajdhani Express is a Rajdhani-class train of Indian Railways connects the capital of West Bengal, Cultural Capital of India, capital before the British Kolkata to the National Capital of India, New Delhi through Howrah. The Howrah Rajdhani is the first Rajdhani Express of India and is one of the fastest train of Indian Railways. It is the fastest railway connection from New Delhi to Kolkata and vice versa and one of the most priority train in India. It is hauled by a Howrah based WAP 7 end to end.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WCAM-1</span> Indian Railway class AC and DC mix electric locomotive

The Indian locomotive class WCAM-1 is a class of Bi-current electric locomotives that was developed in 1973 by Chittaranjan Locomotive Works for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), DC Current (C), AC Current (A), Mixed traffic (M) locomotive, 1st generation (1). They entered service in March 1973. A total of 53 WCAM-1 were built at CLW between 1973 and 1979, which made them the most numerous class of mainline dual-power AC-DC electric locomotive.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WCAM-2</span> Indian Railway class AC and DC mix electric locomotive

The Indian locomotive class WCAM-2 is a class of dual-power AC/DC series electric locomotives that was developed in 1995 by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited used in the Indian Railways system. They are the second locomotive from the WCAM class. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), DC Current (C), AC Current (A), Mixed traffic (M) locomotive, 2nd generation (2). They entered service in 1995. A total of 20 WCAM-2 were built at BHEL between 1995 and 1996, which made them the most numerous class of mainline dual-power AC-DC electric locomotive. They use the same motors as WCAM 1 but with different circuitry and gearing. They are operational in routes around Mumbai. MU operation was possible with 3 units. WCAM-2P was the passenger-oriented version of the WCAM-2 class. However, they perform better than the WCAM 1 series. Same as WCAM 1 class they also performed poorly in DC mode compared to AC mode. They were also used for hauling trains away from the DC section of suburban trains to AC section and performed the same task as the WCAM-1 did. WCAM-2 locos had the same traction motors, as the WCAM-1 locos, but different circuitry and gearing. The bogies are somewhat different from those of the WCAM-1 being fabricated trimount Co-Co bogies with secondary suspension. Rated speed 105 km/h in DC mode and 120 km/h in AC mode.. Almost all of these were dual-braked, but all are now equipped with air brakes only. All the WCAM-1's and -2's were homed at Valsad shed in Gujarat. Many of CR's WCAM-2 locos were not used much in DC zones as they delivered very poor performance in DC mode and on CR's heavy grades. Although these locos have the same traction motors as the WAM 4 and WCAM 1, the power output from the WCAM-2 locos is higher than for the WAM-4 and WCAM-1 because in those models the traction motors were underfed and did not yield their potential maximum power. Under AC traction, the WCAM-2 locos operate with all six motors in parallel, while in DC mode they also operate in the all-series and series-parallel configurations. Recent WCAM-2's from BHEL, including the passenger-specific version WCAM-2P, were rated 2916 hp in DC mode and 4715 hp in AC mode. These were used by WR and CR for fast trains, running at up to 120 km/h. CR had tried the WCAM-2 and WCAM-2P units but found them usable only with speed restrictions. Some WCAM-2P units had only air brakes. With the WCAM-2 locos, MU operation was possible with up to 3 (4?) units. Some (all?) of the WCAM-2 locos were originally leased to IR, ownership remaining with BHEL, the manufacturers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WCAM-3</span> Indian Railway class AC and DC mix electric locomotive

The Indian locomotive class WCAM–3 is a class of dual-power AC/DC series electric locomotives That was developed in 1997 by Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited used in the Indian Railways system. They are the third locomotives from the WCAM class. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), DC Current (C), AC Current (A), Mixed traffic (M) locomotive, 3rd generation (3). They entered service in 1997. A total of 53 WCAM-3 were built at BHEL between 1997 and 1998, which made them the most numerous class of mainline dual-power AC-DC electric locomotive. They were specifically designed for use by Central Railways in the Ghat section towards Nashik and Pune.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Diesel Loco Shed, Ernakulam</span> Loco shed in Kerala, India

Diesel Loco Shed, Ernakulam is a motive power depot performing locomotive maintenance and repair facility for diesel locomotives of the Indian Railways, located at Ernakulam Junction (ERS) of the Southern Railway zone in the city of Kochi, Kerala. It is one of the four diesel loco sheds of the Southern Railway, the others being at Tondiarpet (TNP) at Chennai, Erode (ED) and Golden Rock (GOC) at Trichy and the only locomotive shed in Kerala and the southernmost loco shed in India. Although it is in Kerala, its locomotives are used mostly in Goa and Maharashtra, and very rarely near the shed for passenger trains.

The Indian locomotive class WDG-3A is a class of diesel-electric locomotive that was developed in 1994 by Banaras Locomotive Works (BLW),Varanasi for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad-gauge (W), Diesel (D), Goods traffic (G) engine, 3,100 hp (3A) locomotive. They entered service on 18 July 1995. A total of 1,164 WDG-3A units were built between 1994 and 2015 at BLW, Varanasi with a few units being produced by Diesel Loco Modernisation Works (DLMW) and Parel Workshop.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WCG-2</span>

The Indian locomotive class WCG-2 is a class of 1.5 kV DC electric locomotives that was developed in the late 1960s by Research Design and Standards Organisation (RDSO) and Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), DC Current (C), Goods traffic (G) engine, 2nd generation (2). They entered service in February 1971. A total of 57 WCG-2 were built at CLW between 1978 and 1983, which made them the most numerous class of DC electric locomotive.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WAM-1</span>

The Indian locomotive class WAM-1 was a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was developed in the late 1950s by the Groupement 50Hz for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Mixed traffic (M) locomotive, 1st generation (1). They entered service in 1960 thus making them India's first AC electric locomotive. A total of 100 WAM-1 were built by the European consortium between 1959 and 1961, which made them the most numerous class of mainline electric locomotive until the WAG-1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian Railways locomotive class WAM-2/3</span>

The Indian locomotive class WAM- 2/3 was a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was imported from Japan in the 1960s for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Mixed traffic (M) locomotive, 2nd generation (2). A total of 38 WAM-2/3 locomotives were built by The Japanese Group between 1960 and 1964. They entered service in 1960.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electric Loco Shed, Arakkonam</span> Loco shed in Tamilnadu, India

Electric Loco Shed, Arakkonam is a motive power depot performing locomotive maintenance and repair facility for electric locomotives of the Indian Railways, located at Arrakkonam on the Guntakal–Chennai Egmore section of the Southern Railway zone in Tamil Nadu, India. It is one of the three electric locomotive sheds of the Southern Railway, the others being at Erode (ED) and Royapuram (RPM) and is the oldest in south India.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WAG-1</span>

The Indian locomotive class WAG-1 was a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was imported from Europe in the 1960s for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Goods traffic (G) locomotive, 1st generation (1). A total of 112 WAG-1 were built by The European Group 50 Hz Group/European Group/50 Cycles Group (consortium) between 1963 and 1966. They entered service in 1964.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Indian locomotive class WAG-4</span> Indian train passenger and freight locomotive/engine class

The Indian locomotive class WAG-4 is a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was manufactured by CLW in the late 1960s for Indian Railways. The model name stands for broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Goods traffic (G) engine, 1st (1). A total of 186 WAG-4 locomotives were built by The European Group 50 Hz Group/European Group/50 Cycles Group (consortium) between 1967 and 1969. They entered service in 1967.

The Indian locomotive class WAP-3 was a class of 25 kV AC electric locomotives that was designed by Research Design and Standards Organization (RDSO) and Chittaranjan Locomotive Works (CLW) for Indian Railways in 1987. The model name stands for Broad gauge (W), AC Current (A), Passenger traffic (P) locomotive, 3rd generation (3). They entered service in 1988. They were the faster variant of the previous WAP-1 class. A total of 9 WAP-3 were converted from existing WAP-1 units at CLW between 1987 and 1988. All locomotives were now withdrawn from service and converted back to WAP-1.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electric Loco Shed, Howrah</span> Loco shed in West Bengal, India

Electric Loco Shed, Howrah is a motive power depot performing locomotive maintenance and repair facility for electric locomotives of the Indian Railways, located at Howrah of the Eastern Railway zone in West Bengal, India. It is one of the two electric locomotive sheds of the Eastern Railway, the others being at Asansol (ASN). As of 1 July 2020 there are 150 locomotives in the shed.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Electric Loco Shed, Asansol</span> Loco shed in West Bengal, India

Electric Loco Shed, Asansol is a motive power depot performing locomotive maintenance and repair facility for electric locomotives of the Indian Railways, located at Asansol of the Eastern Railway zone in West Bengal, India. It is one of the two electric locomotive sheds of the Eastern Railway, the others being at Howrah (HWH). As of November,2022, there are 142 locomotives in the shed.

References

  1. The Great Indian Peninsula Railway EA/1  [ de ] class of 1928 may disagree.
  1. https://rdso.indianrailways.gov.in/works/uploads/File/raj-icf17.pdf [ bare URL PDF ]
  2. "[IRFCA] A Brief History of Railway Electrification in India". www.irfca.org. Retrieved June 19, 2019.
  3. https://rdso.indianrailways.gov.in/works/uploads/File/raj-icf17.pdf [ bare URL PDF ]
  4. "Electric Locomotive Roster: The WAP Series!". September 3, 2016.
  5. "e-Locos".