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The Indian locomotive class SP (Standard Passenger) is a class of Indian 4-4-0 passenger steam locomotives which was built around 1905. It was one of the BESA locomotives developed by the British Engineering Standards Committee, later called the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA).
The SP class was catalogued in the first edition (1903) of the BESA report on standard locomotives for the railways of the British Raj. [2] 4-4-0 (American) locomotives were preferred in India as they had good riding qualities, even on poor track conditions.[ citation needed ] The SP class used the same boiler as the SG class standard goods locomotives, which had a diameter of 4 feet 8+1⁄4 inches (1,429 mm). [2] In the 1910 BESA report, a variant with a larger boiler was developed, which had a diameter of 5 feet 1+1⁄4 inches (1,556 mm), as used in the PT class passenger tank locomotives. [3]
The locomotives were delivered to different railways, but only the Indian States Railways (ISR)-operated railways referred to them as the SP class. Beyer Peacock delivered 10 locomotives to the North Western Railway (NWR), which operated lines around the modern-day border of India and Pakistan. [4]
The locomotives were designed with two inside cylinders, a Belpaire firebox, [2] and used saturated steam. The grate was arranged between two driving wheels. Between the frames were the two cylinders and the Stephenson valve gear. [2] A small pilot was fitted to the locomotive's buffer beam. The cab was completely enclosed, with the cab's rear wall being formed by the tender.
A later version was designed with a superheater and designated SPS (Standard Passenger, Superheated); SP locomotives retro-fitted with superheaters were usually reclassified as SPC (Standard Passenger, Converted).
Two SPS locomotives, most recently operated by Pakistan Railways, are preserved. SPS 3157 is preserved in the Museum of Science and Industry (MOSI) in Manchester. The other example, SPS 3078, is on display at Faisalabad Railway Station in Pakistan.
The Great Western Railway 4000 or Star were a class of 4-cylinder 4-6-0 passenger steam locomotives designed by George Jackson Churchward for the Great Western Railway (GWR) in 1906 and introduced from early 1907. The prototype was built as a 4-4-2 Atlantic. They proved to be a successful design which handled the heaviest long-distance express trains, reaching top speeds of 90 mph (145 km/h), and established the design principles for GWR 4-cylinder classes over the next twenty-five years.
A superheater is a device used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into superheated steam or dry steam. Superheated steam is used in steam turbines for electricity generation, in some steam engines, and in processes such as steam reforming. There are three types of superheaters: radiant, convection, and separately fired. A superheater can vary in size from a few tens of feet to several hundred feet.
The Great Western Railway 3252 or Duke Class were 4-4-0 steam locomotives with outside frames and parallel domed boilers. They were built in five batches between 1895 and 1899 for express passenger train work in Devon and Cornwall. William Dean was their designer, possibly with the collaboration of his assistant, George Jackson Churchward. Four prototype 4-4-0s, of the Armstrong Class, had already been built in 1894.
The LSWR N15 class was a British 2–cylinder 4-6-0 express passenger steam locomotive designed by Robert Urie. The class has a complex build history spanning three sub-classes and ten years of construction from 1918 to 1927. The first batch of the class was constructed for the London and South Western Railway (LSWR), where they hauled heavy express passenger trains to the south coast ports and further west to Exeter. After the Lord Nelsons, they were the second biggest 4-6-0 passenger locomotives on the Southern Railway. They could reach speeds of up to 90 mph (145 km/h).
The Great Western Railway (GWR) 6000 Class or King Class is a class of 4-6-0 steam locomotives designed for express passenger work and introduced in 1927. They were the largest locomotives built by the GWR, apart from the unique Pacific. The class was named after kings of the United Kingdom and of England, beginning with the then reigning monarch, King George V, and going back through history. They handled the principal GWR expresses on the main line from London to the West of England and on the Chiltern line to Birmingham and Wolverhampton, until 1962 when the class was withdrawn.
Indian Railways operates India's railway system and comes under the purview of the Ministry of Railways of Government of India. As of 2023, it maintains over 108,706 km (67,547 mi) of tracks and operates over 13,000 trains daily with a fleet of 14,800 locomotives. The railways primarily operates a fleet of electric and diesel locomotives along with a few compressed natural gas (CNG) locomotives. Steam locomotives are operated on mountain railways and on heritage trains.
The Great Northern Railway (GNR) Class C1 is a type of 4-4-2 steam locomotive. One, ex GNR 251, survives in preservation. Much like their small boiler cousins, they were capable of reaching speeds of up to 90 mph (145 km/h). They were also known as Large Atlantics.
The South African Railways Class 19 4-8-2 of 1928 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 16E 4-6-2 of 1935 is a class of passenger steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 16 4-6-2 of 1914 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 12A 4-8-2 of 1919 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 10B 4-6-2 of 1910 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
The South African Railways Class 10A 4-6-2 of 1910 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
The South African Railways Class 6L 4-6-0 of 1904 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The South African Railways Class 4A 4-8-2 of 1913 was a steam locomotive.
The Indian locomotive class XB was a 4-6-2 passenger locomotive with a 17-long-ton axle load. It had a lot of problems. It was built with the help of British Engineering Standards Association (BESA). It was up to date as any locomotive in England. It had American 3-point suspension with compensating levers for indifferent tracks in India. The trailing wheels were mounted on a Cartazzi truck as it was for the rest of British Pacifics at the time. Goodall-type drawgear was fitted between engine and tender to facilitate free movement. They still proved to be successful as they survived till the 1980s. The modifications in India to this class was implemented in LMS Railway in UK. Copper firebox had combustion chamber extension.
The Indian locomotive class SG is a class of Indian steam locomotives used for goods trains. Its class designation, SG, stands for Standard Goods. It was, by number of locomotives built, one of the largest steam locomotive classes built in the United Kingdom. It was one of the BESA locomotives developed by the British Engineering Standards Committee, later called the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA).
The Class AP was a broad gauge tender steam locomotive introduced around 1907 for passenger trains on the railways in British India. Its class designation, AP, stands for Atlantic Passenger Locomotive, where Atlantic refers to the wheel arrangement of the same name. It was one of the BESA locomotives developed by the British Engineering Standards Committee, later called the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA).
The Class HP was a 4-6-0 broad gauge passenger steam locomotive introduced in 1906 on the railways of British India. It was one of the BESA locomotives developed by the British Engineering Standards Committee, later called the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA).
The Class HG is one of seven standard classes of broad gauge steam locomotives designed by the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA) for use in the British Raj in the mid-1900s.
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