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The Indian locomotive class SP is a class of Indian 4-4-0 passenger steam locomotives which was built around 1905. Its class designation, SP, stands for Standard Passenger. It was one of the BESA locomotives developed by the British Engineering Standards Committee, later called the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA).
The SP class was catalogued in the first edition of the 1903 BESA report on standard locomotives for the railways of the British Raj. 4-4-0 (American) locomotives were preferred in India as they had good riding qualities, even on poor track conditions.[ citation needed ] The SP class used the same boiler as the SG class standard goods locomotives, which had a diameter of 4 feet 8+1⁄4 inches (1,429 mm). In the 1910 BESA report, a variant with a larger boiler was proposed, which had a diameter of 5 feet 1+1⁄4 inches (1,556 mm), as used in the PT class passenger tank locomotives. [2]
The locomotives were delivered to different railways, but only the Indian States Railways (ISR)-operated railways used the class designation SP. Beyer Peacock delivered 10 locomotives to the North Western Railway (NWR), whose route network lay in today's border area of India and Pakistan. [3]
The locomotives were designed with two cylinders, a Belpaire firebox, and used saturated steam. The grate was arranged between the coupled wheel sets. Between the frames were the two cylinders and the Walschaerts valve gear. A small pilot was fitted to the locomotive's buffer beam. The cab was completely enclosed, with the cab's rear wall being formed by the three-axle tender.
A later version was designed with a superheater and designated SPS (Standard Passenger, Superheated); SP locomotives retro-fitted with superheaters were usually reclassified as SPC (Standard Passenger, Converted). An SPS locomotive, most recently operated by Pakistan Railways under road number 3157, is preserved in the Museum of Science and Industry (MOSI) in Manchester. The exterior of the locomotive is practically identical to that of the SP class.
The Great Western Railway 4000 or Star were a class of 4-cylinder 4-6-0 passenger steam locomotives designed by George Jackson Churchward for the Great Western Railway (GWR) in 1906 and introduced from early 1907. The prototype was built as a 4-4-2 Atlantic. They proved to be a successful design which handled the heaviest long-distance express trains, reaching top speeds of 90 mph (145 km/h), and established the design principles for GWR 4-cylinder classes over the next twenty-five years.
The Great Western Railway 3252 or Duke Class were 4-4-0 steam locomotives with outside frames and parallel domed boilers. They were built in five batches between 1895 and 1899 for express passenger train work in Devon and Cornwall. William Dean was their designer, possibly with the collaboration of his assistant, George Jackson Churchward. Four prototype 4-4-0s, of the Armstrong Class, had already been built in 1894.
Indian Railways operates India's railway system and comes under the purview of the Ministry of Railways of Government of India. As of 2023, it maintains over 108,706 km (67,547 mi) of tracks and operates over 13,000 trains daily with a fleet of 14,800 locomotives. The railways primarily operates a fleet of electric and diesel locomotives along with a few compressed natural gas (CNG) locomotives. Steam locomotives are operated on mountain railways and on heritage trains.
The Dean Single, 3031 Class, or Achilles Class was a type of steam locomotive built by the British Great Western Railway between 1891 and 1899. They were designed by William Dean for passenger work. The first 30 members of the class were built as 2-2-2s of the 3001 Class.
The Great Northern Railway (GNR) Class C1 is a type of 4-4-2 steam locomotive. One, ex GNR 251, survives in preservation. Much like their small boiler cousins, they were capable of reaching speeds of up to 90 mph (145 km/h). They were also known as Large Atlantics.
The New South Wales C36 class was a class of two-cylinder, simple, non-condensing, coal-fired superheated, 4-6-0 express passenger steam locomotives built by Eveleigh Railway Workshops and Clyde Engineering for the New South Wales Government Railways in Australia.
The Danish State Railways (DSB) class D steam locomotive was a 2-6-0 freight steam locomotive developed in co-oporation between the DSB central engineering department and the German locomotive manufacturer Henschel. Class D with 100 units became the backbone of the DSB freight locomotives from the start of its delivery in 1902 until the start of the 1950s when the significance of the railway traffic started to decline. Together with the previous deliveries of the heavier 2-8-0 class H freight locomotive and then in 1952 purchased 10 Belgian-built German class 50ÜK locomotives, pushed the class D to the sidelines. When lightweight GM diesel locomotives class MX were delivered in the start of the 1960s, it was the swansong for class D. Only two class D engines, D 825 and D 826, were serviceable when DSB abandoned steam in 1970.
The South African Railways Class 19 4-8-2 of 1928 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 16E 4-6-2 of 1935 is a class of passenger steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 16C 4-6-2 of 1919 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 16 4-6-2 of 1914 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 12A 4-8-2 of 1919 was a steam locomotive.
The South African Railways Class 10D 4-6-2 of 1910 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
The South African Railways Class 10B 4-6-2 of 1910 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
The South African Railways Class 10A 4-6-2 of 1910 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in Transvaal.
The South African Railways Class 6L 4-6-0 of 1904 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
The South African Railways Class 5 4-6-2 of 1912 was a steam locomotive.
The Indian locomotive class SG is a class of Indian steam locomotives used for goods trains. Its class designation, SG, stands for Standard Goods. It was, by number of locomotives built, one of the largest steam locomotive classes built in the United Kingdom. It was one of the BESA locomotives developed by the British Engineering Standards Committee, later called the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA).
The Class AP was a broad gauge tender steam locomotive introduced around 1907 for passenger trains on the railways in British India. It was one of the BESA locomotives developed by the British Engineering Standards Committee, later called the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA). The abbreviation AP stands for Atlantic Passenger Locomotive, where Atlantic refers to the wheel arrangement of the same name.
The Class HP was a broad gauge steam locomotive introduced in 1906 for heavy passenger trains on the railways in British India. It was one of the BESA locomotives developed by the British Engineering Standards Committee, later called the British Engineering Standards Association (BESA).
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