The International E-road network has covered Greece since the Declaration on the Construction of Main International Traffic Arteries, which established the first E-road network in the country, was signed on 16 September 1950. [1]
In 1975, the European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries (AGR) created the current E-road network, based on a system of north–south and east–west reference roads: although the AGR came into force in 1983, [2] Greece officially migrated from the 1950 Declaration to the AGR in 1989. [3] A significant change to the current E-road network affecting Greece was agreed in 1985, coming into force in 1986. [4]
The current E-road network was established by the European Agreement on Main International Traffic Arteries (AGR), which was finalised at Geneva on 15 November 1975, and came into force on 15 March 1983. [5] Greece adopted the current network on 9 January 1989, when it acceded to the AGR. [3]
There are currently fourteen E-roads within Greece, of which nine are Class A, and five Class B: Places in italics are where the national road numbers change, but do not appear in the current consolidated text of the AGR.
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The current version of the E-road network in Greece came into force on 12 September 1986, after a major revision to Annex I of the AGR was agreed on 11 December 1985: the E-road network in Greece, as originally agreed in November 1975 and implemented in March 1983, contained many differences from the 1985 amendments: [4]
Nearly all changes to the E-road network in Greece since January 1989 were a result of new bypasses and motorways (such as the A2 Egnatia Odos), many of which did not affect the basic itinerary of the E-roads. As of October 2024 [update] , there were three major post-accession changes to the E-road network affecting Greece:
The E55 will be rerouted away from the EO9 between Mintilogli and Pyrgos, when the next southern extension of the A5 motorway opens: according to To Vima on 29 April 2024, the expected completion date is by the end of 2025. [16] In the long term, the E55 will follow the A5 to Oichalia via Kalo Nero, replacing the EO9 and EO9a.
The E65 will be rerouted away from the EO3 between Kozani and Lamia, when the last section of the A3 between Kalabaka and Kipoureio opens: the revised route will follow the A2 (Egnatia Odos) towards Kipoureio, and then the A3 itself towards Anthili via Trikala, where it joins the A1. [17]
If the A5 is extended from Pedini to Kakavia, [18] the E853 will be rerouted via the extension and connect with the E90, E92 and E951 at Pedini instead of Ioannina.
Greece acceded to the 1950 Declaration on the Construction of Main International Traffic Arteries on 1 July 1952: [19] the original E-road network in Greece consisted of eight E-roads, with the E5 and E20 overlapping between Gefyra and Lagyna via Thessaloniki. [1]
The following table lists the original E-road network, as it was when Greece acceded to the AGR in 1989: places in italics are intersections with European routes that did not appear in the 1950 Declaration and its amendments.
Road | Route |
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![]() | Evzonoi (border with Yugoslavia [c] ) – Gefyra – Thessaloniki – Lagyna – Kavala – Alexandroupolis – Feres – Peplos – Kipoi (border with Turkey) |
![]() | Igoumenitsa [d] – Ioannina – Filippiada – Arta – Agrinio – Antirrio – Rio – Corinth |
![]() | Krystallopigi (border with Albania) – Florina – Vevi – Edessa – Chalkidona – Gefyra – Thessaloniki – Lagyna – Serres – Promachonas (for Bulgaria) |
![]() | Ioannina – Trikala – Larissa - Velestino – Volos |
![]() | Filippiada – Preveza |
![]() | Rio – Patras |
![]() | Vevi – Kozani – Larissa [e] |
![]() | Chalkidona – Veria – Kozani – Larissa – Velestino – Almyros [e] – Lamia – Athens – Corinth – Argos – Kalamata |
![]() | Makaza (border with Bulgaria, reopened 2013) [9] – Komotini [21] |
The original network was modified many times during its existence from 16 September 1950 to 15 November 1975. On 6 June 1952 (one month before Greece's accession to the 1950 Declaration), the E5 was extended from Alexandroupolis to Kipoi and the border with Turkey. [19] The E106, between Ioannina and Igoumenitsa, existed from 30 December 1958 to 17 November 1962, when it was replaced by the realigned E19 on 17 November 1962. [20]
On 23 September 1966, the E5 in Greece became the E5S, due to a new northern branch from Niš, Yugoslavia (now Serbia) to Silivri, Turkey; the E90 was extended from Kozani to Larissa to overlap with the E92; and the E92 between Larissa and Lamia was diverted via Almyros, following the EO1 and overlapping with the E87 between Larissa and Velestino. [21] Finally, the E97 was extended into Greece from Makaza to Komotini on 7 November 1967, although the border crossing with Bulgaria was closed from the end of World War II to 9 September 2013. [21] [9]