International Soccer League

Last updated
International Soccer League
Organizing body American Soccer League
Founded1960
Abolished1965;58 years ago (1965)
Region New York City, U.S.
Number of teams9 (1965)
Last champion(s) Flag of Poland.svg Polonia Bytom

The International Soccer League was a U.S.-based soccer league which was formed in 1960 and collapsed in 1965. The League, affiliated with the American Soccer League, featured guest teams primarily from Europe and some from South America, Canada and Mexico.

Contents

The creation of the League was announced in January 1960, when it was regarded as an attempt to create a Club World Cup. However, the concurrence of the UEFA/CONMEBOL-endorsed Intercontinental Cup, launched also in 1960, nullified any possibility that the League might have relevance as a club world championship. [1]

History

In 1960, William D. Cox, a wealthy U.S. businessman and former owner of the Philadelphia Phillies, a U.S. baseball team, saw a potential market in the United States for top-level soccer. Recognizing that U.S. teams did not play at a sufficiently high level to attract the attention of most fans, he began to consider the possibility of importing European and South American teams during their league off-seasons. Traditionally, tours by European clubs in the northeast United States had drawn well and Cox decided to pursue this approach.

However, soccer in the U.S. was run by the U.S. Soccer Football Association (USSFA). As a member of the soccer's international governing organization, FIFA, the USSFA had the sole power in the U.S. to authorize the creation of a new league, and any league created without USSFA authority would be declared an "outlaw league". Any person playing in an "outlaw league" would then be banned from playing in any other league or team affiliated with FIFA, and as nearly every league and team in the world was affiliated with the world soccer body, this would effectively ban a player from playing soccer anywhere.

To get USSFA approval, Cox worked through the existing American Soccer League, a USSFA-recognized league. This went so far that in 1961, the ASL scheduled only one game during the ISL season in order to keep from drawing fan support from the league. [2] Each year, the ISL played two halves to its season, with different sets of teams; the top team from each half played each other in a season-ending championship game. In order to give the American fans a greater stake in the league, Cox also decided to enter a team of U.S.-based players; this team, called variably New York, the New Yorkers and the New York Americans, was usually a mix of U.S.-based European professionals with some native all-stars. Cox also gained regional television coverage, and the associated revenue stream. While the games were initially played in the New York metropolitan area, as interest in the ISL increased, he expanded the league to Chicago, Detroit, Boston and Los Angeles.

The ISL lasted only through the end of the 1965 season before folding, not so much by its continuing financial losses (some $100,000 over five seasons), but due to the continuing hostility of the USSFA. The ISL's growing success, combined with Cox’ refusal to allow USSFA a part in the league management, led to the USSFA's fear losing control of soccer in the United States. In 1965 the organization forbade Cox from importing teams into the U.S. and threatened to declare the ISL an outlaw league. Cox was forced to fold the ISL, but sued USSFA in federal court for anti-trust violations, a suit he eventually won. [3] While the ISL played its last season in 1965, the model was used again in 1967 when the United Soccer Association (USA) imported foreign teams to populate its league and again in 1969 when the North American Soccer League (NASL) used imported teams for the first half of its season.

In 1967, Cox joined with several other investors to found the National Professional Soccer League, a non-USSFA sanctioned league which, the following year, merged with the US to become the NASL. [4]

List of champions

Teams were divided into two groups (Section I and Section II) where they played a single round-robin tournament. Teams placed first in each group, played a final match to decide a champion. [5]

Note: all the finals were held in New York City

Ed.YearChampion1st.
leg
2nd.
leg
Agg.Runner-upVenue
1
1960 Flag of Brazil.svg Bangu
2–0
2–0
Flag of Scotland.svg Kilmarnock Polo Grounds
2
1961 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Dukla Prague
7–2
2–0
9–2
Flag of England.svg Everton Polo Grounds
3
1962 Flag of Brazil.svg America (RJ)
2–1
1–0
3–1
Flag of Portugal.svg Belenenses Polo Grounds
4
1963 Flag of England.svg West Ham United
1–1
1–0
2–1
Flag of Poland.svg Górnik Zabrze Polo Grounds
5
1964 Flag of Poland.svg Zagłębie Sosnowiec
4–0
1–0
5–0
Flag of Germany.svg Werder Bremen Downing Stadium
6
1965 Flag of Poland.svg Polonia Bytom
3–0
2–1
5–1
Flag of the United States.svg New York Americans Randall's Island Stadium

American Challenge Cup

In 1962, the ISL initiated an annual challenge cup. It would pair the winner of the previous year's Challenge Cup winner with the current season's league champion. Dukla Prague had won the 1961 title, defeating Everton F.C. 7–2 and 2–0 in the championship. Therefore, they were paired in the first Challenge Cup with the 1962 season winner, América RJ. Dukla won and returned for the next three challenge cups, winning each, except for the last in which they fell to Polonia Bytom.

List of champions

American Challenge Cup.jpg
Campeoes da American Challenge Cup.jpg
(Left) trophy of the American Challenge Cup; (right): plaque with the list of champions
Ed.YearChampion1st.
leg
2nd.
leg
Agg.Runner-up
1
1960 Flag of Brazil.svg Bangu
[n 1]
2
1961 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Dukla Prague
[n 1]
2
1962 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Dukla Prague
1–1
2–1
3–2
Flag of Brazil.svg America (RJ)
2
1963 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Dukla Prague
1–0
1–1
2–1
Flag of England.svg West Ham United
2
1964 Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Dukla Prague
3–1
1–1
4–2
Flag of Poland.svg Zagłębie Sosnowiec
2
1965 Flag of Poland.svg Polonia Bytom
2–0
1–1
3–1
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Dukla Prague
Notes
  1. 1 2 No match held. Trophy directly awarded to champion of International Soccer League.

League MVP

Beginning in 1961, the league champion was awarded the Dwight D. Eisenhower trophy, but from 1962 to 1965 it was given to the league MVP. However, in 1960 and 1961 the best players in the tournament were Ademir da Guia (Bangu) [6] and Válter Santos (Bangu) [7] respectively.

YearPlayerTeam
1960 Flag of Brazil.svg Ademir da Guia Flag of Brazil.svg Bangu
1961 Flag of Brazil.svg Válter Santos Flag of Brazil.svg Bangu
1962 Flag of Germany.svg Carl Bogelein Flag of Germany.svg Reutlingen
1963 Flag of England.svg Bobby Moore Flag of England.svg West Ham United
1964 Flag of Germany.svg Gerhard Zebrowski Flag of Germany.svg Werder Bremen
1965 Flag of Germany.svg Uwe Schwart Flag of the United States.svg New York Americans

Teams participations

Winning years are indicated in bold

TeamYear/s contested
Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg AEK Athens 1964
Flag of Brazil (1960-1968).svg América RJ 1962
Flag of Brazil (1960-1968).svg EC Bahia 1964
Flag of Brazil (1960-1968).svg Bangu 1960 , 1961
Flag of Germany.svg Bayern Munich 1960
Flag of Portugal.svg Belenenses 1962, 1963
Flag of Turkey.svg Beşiktaş 1961
Flag of England.svg Blackburn Rovers 1964
Flag of England.svg Burnley 1960
Flag of Mexico (1934-1968).svg Club Deportivo Oro 1963
Flag of Romania (1952-1965).svg Dinamo Bucharest 1961
Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg Dinamo Zagreb 1963
Flag of the Czech Republic.svg Dukla Prague 1961 , 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965
Flag of Scotland.svg Dundee 1962
Flag of Sweden.svg Elfsborg 1962
Flag of Spain (1945-1977).svg Espanyol 19612
Flag of England.svg Everton 1961
Flag of Hungary.svg Ferencváros 1965
Ulster Banner.svg Glenavon 1960
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Górnik Zabrze 1963
Flag of Mexico (1934-1968).svg Guadalajara 1962
Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg Hajduk Split 1962
Flag of Israel.svg Hapoel Petah Tikva 1961
Flag of Sweden.svg Helsingborgs IF 1963
Flag of Scotland.svg Heart of Midlothian 1964
Flag of Germany.svg Karlsruhe 1961
Flag of Scotland.svg Kilmarnock 1960, 1961, 1963, 1965
Flag of Italy.svg Lanerossi-Vicenza 1964
Flag of Italy.svg Mantua 1963
Flag of France (1794-1815, 1830-1958).svg Monaco 1961
Canadian Red Ensign (1957-1965).svg Montreal Concordia 1961
Flag of Hungary.svg MTK Budapest 1962
Flag of the United States.svg New York Americans 1960, 1961, 1965
Flag of France (1794-1815, 1830-1958).svg Nice 1960
Flag of Sweden.svg Norrköping 1960
Flag of Italy.svg Palermo 1962
Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg Panathinaikos 1962
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Polonia Bytom 1965
Flag of Brazil (1960-1968).svg Portuguesa 1965
Flag of Germany.svg Preussen Munster 1963
Flag of Austria.svg Rapid Wien 1960, 1961
Flag of Spain (1945-1977).svg Real Oviedo 1962
Flag of Spain (1945-1977).svg Real Valladolid 1963
Flag of Brazil (1960-1968).svg Sport Recife 1963
Flag of Germany.svg Reutlingen 1962
Flag of Yugoslavia (1946-1992).svg Red Star Belgrade 1960, 1961, 1964
Flag of Italy.svg Sampdoria 1960
Flag of Austria.svg Schwechat 1964
Flag of Ireland.svg Shamrock Rovers 1961
Flag of Portugal.svg Sporting Lisbon 1960
Flag of Germany.svg TSV 1860 Munich 1965
Flag of Hungary.svg Újpest 1963
Flag of France (1794-1815, 1830-1958).svg Valenciennes 1963
Flag of Italy.svg Varese 1965
Flag of Portugal.svg Vitória de Guimarães 1964
Flag of Austria.svg Wiener AC 1962, 1963
Flag of Germany.svg Werder Bremen 1964
Flag of England.svg West Bromwich Albion 1965
Flag of England.svg West Ham United 1963 , 1965
Flag of Poland (1928-1980).svg Zagłębie Sosnowiec 1964

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