Khat or qat is a flowering plant native to Ethiopia. Khat contains the alkaloid cathinone, a stimulant, which is said to cause excitement, loss of appetite, and euphoria. Among communities from the areas where the plant is native, khat chewing has a history as a social custom dating back thousands of years analogous to the use of coca leaves in South America and betel nut in Asia.
Somali National University (SNU) is a national university in Mogadishu, the capital of Somalia. Its campus grounds were located four kilometers from the Mogadishu International Airport. It was established in 1971, but was "officially" founded in 1954. It closed in 1990. After closing down for a number of years, the university reopened in August 2014.
Hyphaene is a genus of palms native to Africa, Madagascar, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent.
The Somali Football Federation (SFF) was founded in 1951, and it is one of the national administrative governing bodies of the Confederation of African Football (CAF) responsible for organizing and controlling the sport of football and its competitions in the Federal Republic of Somalia, as well as the Somalia national football team. In 1962, the SFF became a FIFA member. It later joined CAF in 1968, and the Union of Arab Football Associations (UAFA) in 1974. The SFF is responsible for organizing matches between local teams and enforcing rules and regulations of the game during matches.
The Bank of Somaliland is the central bank of Somaliland. Established in 1994, it serves as both a monetary authority and commercial bank for the territory. The central bank was provided for in the constitution of Somaliland. It has a head office in Hargeisa, in addition to seven other branches, and four foreign exchange offices in the airports at Hargeisa, Berbera, Borama and Gabiley. The bank has 12 branches throughout the country.
Lahoh, also laḥūḥ (Arabic: لحوح, is a spongy, pancake-like bread that originated from Yemen. It is a type of flat bread eaten in Yemen and Somalia. It is called lahoh by people of Yemen, North Somalia and Djibouti, and canjeero or canjeelo by people of South Somalia and the Somali Regional State of Ethiopia.
The Central Bank of Somalia (CBS) is the monetary authority of Somalia. Somalia has struggled to reestablish a functioning state since the collapse of an authoritarian regime in 1991. The Transitional Federal Government, formed in 2004, was recognized as the central government of Somalia. Among other duties, it is in charge of ensuring financial stability, maintaining the internal and external value of the local currency, and promoting credit and exchange conditions that facilitate the balanced growth of the national economy. Within the scope of its powers, it also contributes to the financial and economic policies of the State.
Economic history of Somalia is related to the development of Somalia's economy in the last two centuries.
The wildlife of Somalia includes the flora and fauna of Somalia, which is extremely diverse due to the country's location between the temperate and the tropical zones. Somalia has a long coastline, bordered by the Indian Ocean in the east and Red Sea in the north. The Northwestern and Central parts of the country are arid, or very dry. The Southern and Northeastern regions are semi-arid, receiving slightly more rainfall than the Central and Northwest regions. The Coastal region is more humid due to its proximity to the ocean. Somalia is home to over 727 species of birds and boasts over 177 species of mammals.
Aneilema is a genus of monocotyledonous plants of approximately 60 species. The vast majority of the species are native to sub-Saharan Africa, but a few are found in Oceania and one, Aneilema brasiliense, is from South America. It is the third largest genus in the family Commelinaceae after Commelina and Tradescantia, and it is one of only six genera in the family to occur in both the Eastern Hemisphere and the Western Hemisphere.
Coelachyrum is a genus of Asian and African plants in the grass family.
Endostemon is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1910. It is native primarily to eastern Africa, with some species in central and southern Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Madagascar, and the Indian subcontinent.
- Endostemon albusA.J.Paton, Harley & M.M.Harley - Kenya, Tanzania, Mozambique
- Endostemon camporum(Gürke) M.R.Ashby - Kenya, Tanzania
- Endostemon ctenoneurusHarley - Kenya, Somalia
- Endostemon glandulosusHarley & Sebsebe - Ethiopia
- Endostemon gracilis(Benth.) M.R.Ashby - Kenya, Somalia, Tanzania, Yemen
- Endostemon kelleri(Briq.) Ryding ex A.J.Paton & Harley - Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia
- Endostemon leucosphaerus(Briq.) A.J.Paton, Harley & M.M.Harley - Somalia, Ethiopia
- Endostemon membranaceus(Benth.) Ayob. ex A.J.Paton & Harley - Cameroon, Angola, Central African Republic
- Endostemon obbiadensis(Chiov.) M.R.Ashby - Somalia
- Endostemon obtusifolius(E.Mey.) N.E.Br. - from South Africa north to Angola and Tanzania
- Endostemon racemosusRyding, A.J.Paton & Thulin - Somalia
- Endostemon stenocaulis(Hedge) Ryding, A.J.Paton & Thulin - Somalia
- Endostemon tenuiflorus(Benth.) M.R.Ashby - eastern + southern Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula
- Endostemon tereticaulis(Poir.) M.R.Ashby - widespread across much of tropical Africa, also Yemen + Saudi Arabia
- Endostemon tomentosusHarley & Sebsebe - Somalia
- Endostemon tubulascens(Briq.) M.R.Ashby - Angola
- Endostemon usambarensisM.R.Ashby - Tanzania
- Endostemon villosus(Briq.) M.R.Ashby - central Africa
- Endostemon viscosus(Roth) M.R.Ashby - India, Assam, Sri Lanka
- Endostemon wakefieldii(Baker) M.R.Ashby - Kenya
Otostegia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1834. It is native to eastern Africa and the Middle East.
- Otostegia ellenbeckiiGürke - Ethiopia
- Otostegia ericoideaRyding - Somalia
- Otostegia erlangeriGürke - Ethiopia + Somalia
- Otostegia fruticosa(Forssk.) Schweinf. ex Penzig - Cameroon, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Israel, Sinai, Palestine, Jordan
- Otostegia hildebrandtii(Vatke & Kurtz) Sebald - Somalia
- Otostegia integrifoliaBenth. - Ethiopia + Yemen
- Otostegia migiurtianaSebald - Somalia
- Otostegia modestaS.Moore - Ethiopia + Somalia
- Otostegia tomentosaA.Rich - Ethiopia + Somalia + Sudan
Prionapteryx somala is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Graziano Bassi in 2013. It is found in Somalia.
The Italian Somali Divisions were two divisions of colonial soldiers from Italian Somaliland that were formed as part of the Italian Army's Royal Corps of Colonial Troops during World War II. In the Royal Corps of Colonial Troops, the units comprised the "101 Divisione Somala" and "102 Divisione Somala", and fought during the East African Campaign in 1941 before disbanding.
Duruqbo are a Benadiri/12 Koofi clan mainly from the southern coastal cities of; Marka and Mogadishu and have established communities in the hinterlands in towns such as Qoryooley due to trading.
Gaameedle are a Somali clan mainly from the southern coastal cities of; Marka and Mogadishu.
Juunji are a Benadiri/12 Koofi clan mainly from the southern coastal city of Marka.
Gendershe also known as Reer Aw Garweyne are a Somali clan and a subclan of the Sheekhaal tribe, mainly from the southern coastal cities of; Gendershe, Marka and Mogadishu and have established communities in the hinterlands in towns such as Afgooye and the villages around it due to trading and farming.
Sheekhall Jasiira also known as Shiikhaal Ba Hassan are a Benadiri/12 Koofi clan mainly from the southern coastal cities of; Jasiira, Marka and Mogadishu and have established communities in the hinterlands in towns such as Afgooye and the villages around it due to trading and farming.
