| Itatiaia National Park | |
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| Parque Nacional do Itatiaia | |
 View in January 2014 | |
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| Nearest city | Resende, Rio de Janeiro |
| Coordinates | 22°22′30″S44°36′43″W / 22.375°S 44.612°W |
| Designation | National park |
| Created | 14 June 1937 |
| Administrator | ICMBio |
Itatiaia National Park (Portuguese : Parque Nacional do Itatiaia), established in 1937, is the oldest national park in Brazil. It is located on the border between the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais.
The Itatiaia National Park is the oldest national park of Brazil, created on 14 June 1937 by President Getúlio Vargas. The park is in the Mantiqueira Mountains. It covers parts of the municipalities of Itatiaia and Resende in Rio de Janeiro state, and Bocaina de Minas and Itamonte in Minas Gerais state. It is mountainous and rocky with altitudes ranging from 540 to 2,791 metres (1,772 to 9,157 ft). The highest point is the Black Needles peak (Pico das Agulhas Negras). [1]
The higher part of the park contains the origins of 12 river basins that supply the Rio Grande (Grand River), a tributary of the Paraná River, and the Paraíba do Sul, the most important river in Rio de Janeiro state. The lower part of the park has lush Atlantic Forest vegetation and wide rivers with natural pools and waterfalls. [1]
The Pico das Agulhas Negras is the state' third highest mountain at 2,878 metres (9,442 ft). The park attracts bird watchers from all over the world with its 350 species of birds. Other attractions include hiking and rock climbing. The park is surrounded by the Serra da Mantiqueira Environmental Protection Area which provides an ecological buffer zone for the park.
The high area of the park is accessible through an entrance about 35 km from the main entrance and gives access to the Pico das Agulhas Negras and Prateleiras complex. The low area of the park is much closer to the city of Itatiaia and has many waterfalls, such as Véu da Noiva with 45 meters. The low area has also a Natural History museum. Itatiaia means "many-pointed rock" in the Tupi language.
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Manhuaçu is a municipality in Eastern Minas Gerais state, in Brazil. Its population was 91,169 (2020) and its area is 628 km2.
Agulhas Negras Peak is the fifth-highest mountain in Brazil, standing at 2,791 metres (9,157 ft) above sea level, making it one of the highest in the Brazilian Highlands. It is located in Itatiaia National Park, in the Mantiqueira range, on the border of the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais. It is the highest point in the state of Rio de Janeiro, the third-highest in Minas Gerais, and the second-highest in the Mantiqueira range.
Resende is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. The population is 132,312 in an area of 1094 km2. Resendense refers to people or things that come from or inhabit Resende. It is the oldest town in this region, which has boundaries with the state of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. It is an important industrial, automotive, metallurgical, and tourist center, and headquarters of the world's second-largest military complex, the Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras (AMAN). Resende is of national importance and houses the Nuclear Fuel Factory complex of the "Indústrias Nucleares" of Brasil, the only one able to enrich uranium. Resende's automotive area holds MAN Latin America, the biggest truck and bus factory of Brazil, limited to PSA Peugeot Citroën and Michelin.
Passa-Quatro is a municipality in the state of Minas Gerais in Brazil. The population is 16,393 in an area of 277.22 km2. It is part of the microregion of São Lourenço.
Itatiaia is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. With a 2021 population estimate of 32,312, it is the 1,097th-most populous municipality in Brazil. Located in the Mantiqueira mountain range and on the border of the states of Rio de Janeiro and Minais Gerais, it covers an area of 241,035 km2 (93,064 sq mi).
The Mantiqueira Mountains are a mountain range in Southeastern Brazil, with parts in the states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro.
Caparaó National Park is a national park created in 1961 to protect the Caparaó Mountains, located on the border between Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo states in Brazil. Pico da Bandeira, one of the highest mountains in Brazil, is located there.
Serra da Canastra National Park is a national park in the Canastra Mountains of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Serra da Mantiqueira Environmental Protection Area (Portuguese: Área de Proteção Ambiental da Serra da Mantiqueira is a protected area of Brazil that includes parts of the states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.
Pedra da Mina is the fourth highest mountain in Brazil, located in the Serra Fina section of the Mantiqueira Mountains, one of the country's most important mountain ranges. The mountain stands on the border of the states of Minas Gerais and São Paulo, respectively to its north and south. With a 2,798-metre (9,180-foot) elevation, it is the highest point of the Mantiqueira Mountains and of the state of São Paulo, and the second highest mountain in the state of Minas Gerais.
Mata dos Ausentes Ecological Station is a state-administered ecological station in Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Snow in Brazil occurs yearly in the high plains of the country's South Region. Elsewhere in the country it is a rare phenomenon but has been registered several times.
Pico dos Três Estados is a mountain peak at which the three Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo all meet, respectively in the municipalities of Passa Quatro, Resende and Queluz.
Serra do Gandarela National Park is a national park in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It protects a mountainous region holding a remnant of Atlantic Forest that is an important source of water for the city of Belo Horizonte.
The Mantiqueira Mosaic is a protected area mosaic that contains conservation units in the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. The conservation units are of different types and are managed at the federal, state or municipal level. The mosaic provides a level of integrated and coordinated management.
The Rio Pombo Nature Park, formerly the Serrinha do Alambari Municipal Park, is a municipal nature park in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Serra do Papagaio State Park is a state park in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It protects a mountainous region of Atlantic Forest.
The Serrinha do Alambari Environmental Protection Area is an environmental protection area in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Pedra Selada State Park is a state park in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
The Pico do Itambé State Park is a state park in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It protects one of the higher peaks in the state.
