James River spinymussel

James River spinymussel
Conservation status
Critically Endangered  (IUCN 2.3) [1]
Endangered  (ESA) [2] [3]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Unionida
Family:	Unionidae
Genus:	Parvaspina
Species:	P. collina
Binomial name
Parvaspina collina (Conrad, 1837)
Synonyms [4]
Elliptio collina(Conrad, 1837) Fusconaia collina(Conrad, 1837) Canthyria collina(Conrad, 1837) Unio collinusConrad, 1837 Pleurobema collina(Conrad, 1837)

The James River spinymussel (Parvaspina collina), also known as the Virginia spinymussel, ^[4] is a species of freshwater mussel in the family Unionidae, the river mussels. This species is native to North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia in the United States. ^[5] It is federally listed as an endangered species of the United States. ^[2] It was formerly placed in the genus Pleurobema but in 2017, Perkins, Johnson & Gangloff placed the species in Parvaspina on account of genetic data and its lateral spines. ^[6]

References

1. Bogan, A.E. (1996). "Parvaspina collina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 1996 e.T17677A7301090. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T17677A7301090.en . Retrieved 17 November 2021.
2. "James spinymussel (Parvaspina collina)". Environmental Conservation Online System. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
3. 53 FR 27689
4. "Pleurobema collina (Conrad, 1837)". Integrated Taxonomic Information System . Retrieved 10 April 2023.
5. NatureServe (7 April 2023). "Parvaspina collina". NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 10 April 2023.
6. Perkins, Michael A.; Johnson, Nathan A.; Gangloff, Michael M. (2017). "Molecular systematics of the critically-endangered North American spinymussels (Unionidae: Elliptio and Pleurobema) and description of Parvaspina gen. nov". Conservation Genetics. 18 (4): 745–757. Bibcode:2017ConG...18..745P. doi:10.1007/s10592-017-0924-z. S2CID   254414164.

Further reading

• Hove, Mark C.; Neves, Richard J. (1994). "Life history of the endangered James spinymussel Pleurobema collina (Conrad, 1837) (Mollusca: Unionidae)" (PDF). American Malacological Bulletin. 11 (1): 29–40. Retrieved 10 April 2023– via Freshwater Mollusk Conservation Center at Virginia Tech.