Joyoti Basu

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Joyoti Basu
Born (1957-12-17) 17 December 1957 (age 66)
West Bengal, India
Nationality Indian
Alma mater
Known forStudies on interaction of mycobacteria with host macrophages
Awards
Scientific career
Fields
Institutions
Doctoral advisor

Joyoti Basu (born 17 December 1957) is an Indian biochemist, cell biologist and a senior professor at the Bose Institute. Known for her studies on the membrane structure of red blood cells, Basu is an elected fellow of all three major Indian science academies, namely the National Academy of Sciences, India, the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy, as well as the Indian Society for Chemical Biology. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for her contributions to biosciences in 2002. [1]

Contents

Biography

Bose Institute. Bose Institute - Kolkata 7354.JPG
Bose Institute.
Parul Chakrabarti - Basu's mentor at Bose Institute Parul Chakrabarti - Kolkata 2009-11-07 2693.JPG
Parul Chakrabarti - Basu's mentor at Bose Institute

Born on 17 December 1957 [2] in the Indian state of West Bengal, Joyoti Basu did her undergraduate studies at the Presidency College, Kolkata and after completing the BSc honors in chemistry, she obtained an MSc from the University of Calcutta. [3] Her doctoral research was at the Bose Institute, Kolkata [4] [5] under the guidance of Parul Chakrabarti, which earned her a PhD from Calcutta University. She did her post-doctoral work at the laboratory of Jean-Marie Ghuysen at the University of Liège working on mycobacterial cell division and mycobacterial peptidoglycan-biosynthesizing enzymes. She joined Bose Institute in 1991 as a faculty member at the department of Chemistry [6] [7] and retired in June, 2018. Basu resides along Madhab Chatterjee Street in Kolkata. [8]

Controversy

Basu's alleged scientific misconduct has been noted widely and has even been covered in media. She is widely alleged to have duplicated images leading to retraction of two papers, correction of another two, and, many alleged instances of misconduct listed on Pubpeer. [9] Basu has retracted a few of her papers. [10] This includes an article published in The Journal of Immunology. [11] [12]

Legacy

Red Blood Cells Blausen 0761 RedBloodCells.png
Red Blood Cells

Basu's research is focused on the cellular and molecular biology of mycobacteria. [13] During the initial stages of her career, she worked on the membrane structure of red blood cells and her research is reported to have assisted in widening the understanding of apoptosis of nucleated mammalian cells and the physiology of the red cell that lacked a cell nucleus. [3] Her association with her mentor, Parul Chakrabarti, during her doctoral research days, precipitated the studies of the biosynthetic pathways of fatty acids in relation to cell wall building and the functions of penicillin-binding proteins. [14] She is known to be the first scientist to propose that the removal of the aged or oxidatively stressed red blood cells from the circulatory system causes cellular death. Later she moved on to the biological study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a pathogenic bacteria causing tuberculosis, with regard to its host-pathogen interaction and her studies revealed the mechanisms of macrophage apoptosis as well as the relationship between host cell signaling and innate immune response. In 2007, the team led by Basu and her college mate from the Presidency College, Manikuntala Kundu, were successful in identifying a protein in Mycobacterium tuberculosis which caused weakening of the immune system of the host. [15] They found that the protein, named Early Secreted Antigen 6, which bound themselves on Toll-like receptor 2 of the host, hindered the production of cytokines, a type of protein which helped the immune system to fight the tuberculosis bacteria. The discovery also has reported importance in the therapeutics of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. [15] The achievement was later published as an article, Direct extracellular interaction between the early secreted antigen ESAT-6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and TLR2 inhibits TLR signaling in macrophages in Nature Immunology journal in 2007. [16] Her studies have been documented by way of a number of articles [17] [note 1] and ResearchGate, an online repository of scientific articles has listed 77 of them. [18] Besides, she has mentored several research scholars in their doctoral studies. [19]

Basu is a member of the executive committee of the Indian Society of Cell Biology [20] and is a former Treasurer of the Society. [21] [22] She is credited with contributing to the establishment of a program on Systems Biology at the Bose Institute. She is also a former associate editor of the Journal of Immunology and is an Academic Editor of PLoS One. [3]

Awards and honors

Basu received the Young Scientist Medal of the Indian National Science Academy in 1989. [23] The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards in 2002. [1] The National Academy of Sciences, India elected her as a fellow the same year. [24] She received the elected fellowships of the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Academy of Sciences in 2006 [2] and 2009 respectively. [25] She is a recipient of the J.C. Bose National Fellowship in 2017.

Selected bibliography

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Please see Selected bibliography section

Related Research Articles

<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Species of pathogenic bacteria that causes tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, also known as Koch's bacillus, is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis. First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, M. tuberculosis has an unusual, waxy coating on its cell surface primarily due to the presence of mycolic acid. This coating makes the cells impervious to Gram staining, and as a result, M. tuberculosis can appear weakly Gram-positive. Acid-fast stains such as Ziehl–Neelsen, or fluorescent stains such as auramine are used instead to identify M. tuberculosis with a microscope. The physiology of M. tuberculosis is highly aerobic and requires high levels of oxygen. Primarily a pathogen of the mammalian respiratory system, it infects the lungs. The most frequently used diagnostic methods for tuberculosis are the tuberculin skin test, acid-fast stain, culture, and polymerase chain reaction.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Phagosome</span>

In cell biology, a phagosome is a vesicle formed around a particle engulfed by a phagocyte via phagocytosis. Professional phagocytes include macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells (DCs).

rBCG30 is a prospective Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine against tuberculosis. It is a live vaccine, consisting of BCG, which has been evaluated as a tuberculosis vaccination. It is genetically modified to produce abundant amounts of mycolyl transferase, a 30kDa antigen that has been shown to produce a strong immune response in animals and humans. rBCG30 had been in human clinical trials, but no clinical development has been reported since 2007.

Lipoarabinomannan, also called LAM, is a glycolipid, and a virulence factor associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis. Its primary function is to inactivate macrophages and scavenge oxidative radicals.

ESAT-6 or Early Secreted Antigenic Target 6 kDa, is produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it is a secretory protein and potent T cell antigen. It is used in tuberculosis diagnosis by the whole blood interferon γ test QuantiFERON-TB Gold, in conjunction with CFP-10.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CFP-10</span> Protein made by Mycobacterium tuberculosis

CFP-10 within bacterial proteins is a protein that is encoded by the esxB gene.

Sandip Kumar Basu is an Indian molecular biologist and the holder of the J. C. Bose Chair of the National Academy of Sciences, India, who is credited with innovations in the treatment protocols of leishmaniasis, tuberculosis, viral infections, multidrug resistant cancer and arterosclerosis. He was honored by the Government of India, in 2001, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Lalita Ramakrishnan</span> Indian-American microbiologist

Lalita Ramakrishnan is an Indian-born American microbiologist who is known for her contributions to the understanding of the biological mechanism of tuberculosis. As of 2019 she serves as a professor of Immunology and Infectious Diseases at the University of Cambridge, where she is also a Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellow and a practicing physician. Her research is conducted at the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, where she serves as the Head of the Molecular Immunity Unit of the Department of Medicine embedded at the MRC LMB. Working with Stanley Falkow at Stanford, she developed the strategy of using Mycobacterium marinum infection as a model for tuberculosis. Her work has appeared in a number of journals, including Science, Nature, and Cell. In 2018 and 2019 Ramakrishnan coauthored two influential papers in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) arguing that the widely accepted estimates of the prevalence of latent tuberculosis—estimates used as a basis for allocation of research funds—are far too high. She is married to Mark Troll, a physical chemist.

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Siddhartha Roy</span> Indian scientist (born 1954)

Siddhartha Roy is an Indian structural biologist, biophysicist, former director of the Indian Institute of Chemical Biology and the former director (officiating) of Bose Institute. Widely known for his studies on bacteriophage lambda and protein synthesis, he is an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences and the Indian National Science Academy. In 1999, the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, for his contributions to Biological sciences.

Umesh Varshney is an Indian molecular biologist, academician and the head of a laboratory at the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru. He is a J. C. Bose National Fellow of the Department of Science and Technology and is known for his studies on protein synthesis and DNA repair in Escherichia coli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. An elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and the National Academy of Sciences (India), he is also a recipient of the National Bioscience Award for Career Development of the Government of India. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 2001, and then in 2014 with the G. N. Ramachandran Gold Medal for Excellence in Biological Sciences & Technology for his contributions to biological sciences.

Vinod Bhakuni (1962–2011) was an Indian molecular biophysicist and the head of the Molecular and Structural Biology Division of the Central Drug Research Institute (CDRI). He was the founder of the Protein Chemistry laboratory of CDRI and was known for his contributions to the study of protein folding. A recipient of the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, he was an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and the National Academy of Sciences, India. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 2006, for his contributions to biological sciences.

Balasubramanian Gopal is an Indian structural biologist, molecular biophysicist and a professor at the Molecular Biophysics Unit of the Indian Institute of Science. He is known for his studies on cell wall synthesis in Staphylococcus aureus and is an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Indian National Science Academy and the Indian Academy of Sciences. He received the National Bioscience Award for Career Development of the Department of Biotechnology in 2010. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 2015, for his contributions to biological sciences.

Amitabha Mukhopadhyay is an Indian cell biologist and a professor at the National Institute of Immunology. He is known for his studies on host-pathogens interaction and drug discovery and is an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, and the National Academy of Sciences, India.

Mohammad Islam Khan (1957–2010) was an Indian glycobiologist and a scientist at the National Chemical Laboratory. Known for his studies on the biology of Lectins, Khan was an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Maharashtra Academy of Sciences and the Muslim Association for the Advancement of Science. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences in 2002.

Amita Aggarwal is an Indian clinical immunologist, rheumatologist and a Professor and Head at the Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology of the Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow. Known for her studies in autoimmune rheumatic diseases, Aggarwal is a recipient of the Shakuntala Amir Chand Award of the Indian Council of Medical Research and an elected fellow of the National Academy of Sciences, India, National Academy of Medical Sciences and the National Academy of Medical Sciences. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for her contributions to biosciences in 2004.

Nagasuma Chandra is an Indian structural biologist, biochemist and a professor at the department of biochemistry of the Indian Institute of Science. She is known for her studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for her contributions to biosciences in 2008.

Sangita Mukhopadhyay is an Indian molecular cell biologist, immunologist and the head of the molecular biology group at the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics. Known for her studies on immunosuppression and infection biology, Mukhopadhyay is an elected fellow of all the three major Indian science academies namely the Indian National Science Academy, the Indian Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Sciences, India. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded her the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for her contributions to biosciences in 2008.

Vinay Kumar Nandicoori is an Indian immunologist, biotechnologist and currently the director of Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, India. He is known for his studies on the kinase-mediated signaling networks in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative pathogen of tuberculosis. Holder of a master's degree in biotechnology from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay and a PhD from the Indian Institute of Science, Nandicoori did his post doctoral work the University of Virginia and Texas A & M University.

Dibyendu Sarkar is an Indian biochemist, molecular microbiologist and a Chief Scientist at the Institute of Microbial Technology. He is known for his studies on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the bacterial pathogen causing the disease of tuberculosis. His studies have been documented by way of a number of articles and Google Scholar, an online repository of scientific articles has listed 23 of them. He has also delivered invited speeches which included the Second Annual Meeting on Infectious Diseases held at the Indian Institute of Science in September 2017. He is an elected member of Guha Research Conference and a recipient of the Raman Research Fellowship of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences, in 2011.

References

  1. 1 2 "Awardees of National Bioscience Awards for Career Development" (PDF). Department of Biotechnology. 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2018. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
  2. 1 2 "Fellow profile". Indian Academy of Sciences. 6 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 "Indian fellow - Joyoti Basu". Indian National Science Academy. 6 December 2017. Archived from the original on 27 February 2020. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  4. ↑ ORCID (9 December 2017). "Joyoti Basu (0000-0002-0497-9581) - ORCID". orcid.org. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  5. ↑ "LIST of Alumni of BOSE INSTITUTE" (PDF). Bose Institute. 9 December 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  6. ↑ "Joyoti Basu on Loop". Loop. 9 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  7. ↑ "Joyoti Basu -Bose Institute - Academia.edu". boseinst.academia.edu. 9 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  8. ↑ "NASI fellows". National Academy of Sciences, India. 12 November 2017. Archived from the original on 17 July 2015. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  9. ↑ "Image duplication: Group at Bose Institute has two papers retracted, two corrected, and many listed on Pubpeer". 9 August 2018.
  10. ↑ "Author objects to retraction for not "faithfully represented" immunology figures". Retraction Watch. 2 October 2015. Retrieved 2 May 2018.
  11. ↑ Basu, Joyoti; Kundu, Manikuntala (15 August 2015). "Retraction: TLR4-Dependent NF-κB Activation and Mitogen- and Stress-Activated Protein Kinase 1-Triggered Phosphorylation Events Are Central to Helicobacter pylori Peptidyl Prolyl cis-, trans-Isomerase (HP0175)-Mediated Induction of IL-6 Release from Macrophages" . Retrieved 2 May 2018.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  12. ↑ Basu, Joyoti; Kundu, Manikuntala (15 August 2015). "Retraction: TLR4-Dependent NF-κB Activation and Mitogen- and Stress-Activated Protein Kinase 1-Triggered Phosphorylation Events Are Central to Helicobacter pylori Peptidyl Prolyl cis-, trans-Isomerase (HP0175)-Mediated Induction of IL-6 Release from Macrophages". The Journal of Immunology. 195 (4): 1902. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501299 . PMID   26473200.
  13. ↑ "Bose Institute - Joyoti Basu". www.jcbose.ac.in. 9 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  14. ↑ D. P. Burma; Maharani Chakravorty (2011). From Physiology and Chemistry to Biochemistry. Pearson Education India. pp. 247–. ISBN   978-81-317-3220-5.
  15. 1 2 "Hope for a new TB cure, Kolkata scientists identify 'villain' protein". archive.indianexpress.com. 9 May 2007. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  16. ↑ Pathak, Sushil Kumar; Basu, Sanchita; Basu, Kunal Kumar; Banerjee, Anirban; Pathak, Shresh; Bhattacharyya, Asima; Kaisho, Tsuneyasu; Kundu, Manikuntala; Basu, Joyoti (June 2007). "Direct extracellular interaction between the early secreted antigen ESAT-6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and TLR2 inhibits TLR signaling in macrophages". Nature Immunology. 8 (6): 610–618. doi:10.1038/ni1468. ISSN   1529-2916. PMID   17486091. S2CID   22486299.
  17. ↑ "Browse by Fellow". Indian Academy of Sciences. 6 December 2017. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
  18. ↑ "On ResearchGate". 23 November 2017. Retrieved 23 November 2017.
  19. ↑ "Junior Research Fellow" (PDF). Indian Institute of Science. 2006. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  20. ↑ "EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY". www.iscb.org.in. 9 December 2017. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  21. ↑ "EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY 2003-05". www.iscb.org.in. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  22. ↑ "EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS OF THE SOCIETY 2005-07". www.iscb.org.in. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
  23. ↑ "INSA Young Scientists Medal". Indian National Science Academy. 12 November 2017. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
  24. ↑ "NASI Year Book 2015" (PDF). National Academy of Sciences, India. 24 November 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 August 2015. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
  25. ↑ "INSA Year Book 2016" (PDF). Indian National Science Academy. 9 December 2017. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 November 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2017.
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