Jyoti swarupini

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Jyoti swarupini
Arohanam S R₃ G₃ M₂ P D₁ N₂ Ṡ
Avarohanam Ṡ N₂ D₁ P M₂ G₃ R₃ S

Jyoti swarupini (pronounced jyōti swarūpini) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is the 68th Melakarta rāgam in the 72 melakarta rāgam system of Carnatic music. It is the prati madhyamam equivalent of Ragavardhini , which is the 32nd melakarta. [1] It is called Jyōtirāga or Joti [1] [2] or Jyōti [3] in Muthuswami Dikshitar school of Carnatic music.

Carnatic music music genre originating in southern India

Carnatic music, Karnāṭaka saṃgīta, or Karnāṭaka saṅgītam, is a system of music commonly associated with southern India, including the modern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu, as well as Sri Lanka. It is one of two main subgenres of Indian classical music that evolved from ancient Hindu traditions, the other subgenre being Hindustani music, which emerged as a distinct form because of Persian or Islamic influences from Northern India. The main emphasis in Carnatic music is on vocal music; most compositions are written to be sung, and even when played on instruments, they are meant to be performed in gāyaki (singing) style.

Melakarta set of 72 sampurna ragas in Carnatic music

Mēḷakarta is a collection of fundamental musical scales (ragas) in Carnatic music. Mēḷakarta ragas are parent ragas from which other ragas may be generated. A melakarta raga is sometimes referred as mela, karta or sampurna as well, though the latter term is inaccurate, as a sampurna raga need not be a melakarta.

Ragavardhini 32nd raga in the Melakarta

Ragavardhini has two separate meanings in Indian classical music:

Contents

Structure and Lakshana

Jyotiswarupini scale with shadjam at C Jyotiswaroopini scale.svg
Jyotiswarupini scale with shadjam at C

It is the 2nd rāgam in the 12th chakra Aditya. The mnemonic name for this rāgam is Aditya-Sri. The mnemonic phrase is sa ru gu mi pa dha ni. [1] Its ascending and descending scale (ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa structure) is as follows:

Arohana, Arohanam or Aroha, in the context of Indian classical music, is the ascending scale of notes in a raga. The pitch increases as we go up from Shadja (Sa) to the Taar Shadja (Sa), possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner.

An Avarohana, Avarohanam or Avaroha, in the context of Indian classical music, is the descending scale of any raga. The notes descend in pitch from the upper tonic down to the lower tonic, possibly in a crooked (vakra) manner.

See swaras in Carnatic music for details on above notation. The notes used are shatsruthi rishabham, antara gandharam, prati madhyamam, shuddha dhaivatham, kaisiki nishadham.

Jyotiswarupini, being a melakarta rāgam, by definition is a sampoorna rāgam (it has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale).

Janya rāgams

A few minor janya rāgams (derived scales) are associated with Jyotiswarupini. See List of janya rāgams for full list of janya rāgams associated with this and other melakarta rāgams.

Janya Indian melodic mode derived from a raga in the Melakarta

Janya is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic music a janya raga is one derived from one of the 72 melakarta ragas. Janya ragas are classified into various types based on a variety of features.

Compositions

Here are a few compositions set to this parent musical scale.

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāgam.

Jyotiswarupini's notes when shifted using Graha bhedam does not yield any other melakarta rāgam. Graha bhedam is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the shadjam to the next note in the rāgam.

Notes

  1. ↑ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: S G̱ G M̄ P Ḏ Ṉ Ṡ
    • Western: C D# E F# G G# A# C
  2. ↑ Alternate notations:
    • Hindustani: Ṡ Ṉ Ḏ P M̄ G G̱ S
    • Western: C A# G# G F# E D# C

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References

  1. 1 2 3 Ragas in Carnatic music by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications
  2. ↑ Raganidhi by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras
  3. ↑ Sri Muthuswami Dikshitar Keertanaigal by Vidwan A Sundaram Iyer, Pub. 1989, Music Book Publishers, Mylapore, Chennai
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