 | |
 K Desktop Environment 1.0 | |
| Developer(s) | KDE |
|---|---|
| Initial release | 12 July 1998 |
| Final release | 1.1.2 / 13 September 1999 |
| Written in | C++ [1] |
| Operating system | Unix-like with X11 |
| Platform | Qt 1 [2] |
| Successor | K Desktop Environment 2 |
| Available in | Multiple languages[ which? ] |
| Type | Desktop environment |
| License | GNU GPL |
| Website | kde |
K Desktop Environment 1 was the inaugural series of releases of the K Desktop Environment. There were two major releases in this series.
The development started right after Matthias Ettrich's announcement on 1996-10-14 to found the Kool Desktop Environment. [3] The word Kool was dropped shortly afterward and the name became simply K Desktop Environment. [2]
In the beginning, all components were released to the developer community separately without any coordinated timeframe throughout the overall project. First communication of KDE via mailing list, that was called kde@fiwi02.wiwi.uni-Tubingen.de. [4]
The first coordinated release was Beta 1 on 20 October 1997 – almost exactly one year after the original announcement. [5] Three additional Betas followed 23 November 1997, 1 February 1998, and 19 April 1998. [6]
| Release schedule | |
|---|---|
| Date [6] | Event |
| 1.0 | |
| 20 October 1997 | KDE Beta 1 released |
| 12 July 1998 | KDE 1.0 released |
| 1.1 | |
| 4 March 1999 | KDE 1.1 released |
| 3 May 1999 | 1.1.1 Maintenance release |
| 13 September 1999 | 1.1.2 Maintenance release |
| 14 October 2016 | 20th anniversary re-release [7] |
On 12 July 1998 the finished version 1.0 of K Desktop Environments was released:
KDE is a network transparent, contemporary desktop environment for UNIX workstations. KDE seeks to fill the need for an easy to use desktop for Unix workstations, similar to the desktop environments found under the MacOS or Window95/NT[ sic ]. We believe that the UNIX operating system is the best operating system available today. In fact UNIX has been the undisputed choice of the information technology professional for many years. When it comes to stability, scalability and openness there is no competition to UNIX. However, the lack of an easy to use contemporary desktop environment for UNIX has prevented UNIX from finding its way onto the desktops of the typical computer user in offices and homes. With KDE there is now an easy to use, contemporary desktop environment available for UNIX. Together with a free implementation of UNIX such as Linux, UNIX/KDE constitutes a completely free and open computing platform available to anyone free of charge including its source code for anyone to modify. While there will always be room for improvement we believe to have delivered a viable alternative to some of the more commonly found and commercial operating systems/desktops combinations available today. It is our hope that the combination UNIX/KDE will finally bring open, reliable, stable and monopoly free computing to the average computer.
— KDE 1.0 Release Announcement [8]
This version received mixed reception. Many criticized the use of the Qt software framework – back then under the Qt Free Edition License [9] which was claimed to not be compatible with free software [2] [10] [11] – and advised the use of Motif or LessTif instead. Despite that criticism, KDE was well received by many users and made its way into the first Linux distributions. [12]
An update, K Desktop Environment 1.1, was faster, more stable and included many small improvements. It also included a new set of icons, backgrounds and textures. Among this overhauled artwork was a new KDE logo by Torsten Rahn consisting of the letter K in front of a gear [13] which is used in revised form to this day.
Some components received more far-reaching updates, such as the Konqueror predecessor kfm, the application launcher kpanel, and the KWin predecessor kwm. Newly introduced were e. g. kab, a software library for address management, and a rewrite of KMail, called kmail2, which was installed as alpha version in parallel to the classic KMail version. kmail2, however, never left alpha state and development was ended in favor of updating classic KMail.
K Desktop Environment 1.1 was well received among critics. [2]
At the same time Trolltech prepared version 2.0 of Qt which was released as beta on 1999-01-28. [14] Consequently, no bigger upgrades for KDE 1 based on Qt 1 were developed. Instead only bugfixes were released: version 1.1.1 on 1999-05-03 [15] and version 1.1.2 on 1999-09-13. [16]
A more profound upgrade along with a port to Qt 2 was in development as K Desktop Environment 2.
To celebrate KDE's 20th birthday, KDE and Fedora contributor Helio Chissini de Castro re-released 1.1.2 on 2016-10-14. [7]
That re-release incorporates several changes required for compatibility with modern Linux variants. Work on that project started one month earlier at QtCon, a conference for Qt developers, in Berlin. There Castro showcased Qt 1.45 compiling on a modern Linux system. [7] [17]
KDE is an international free software community that develops free and open-source software. As a central development hub, it provides tools and resources that allow collaborative work on this kind of software. Well-known products include the Plasma Desktop, KDE Frameworks, and a range of cross-platform applications such as Amarok, digiKam, and Krita that are designed to run on Unix and Unix-like operating systems, Microsoft Windows, and Android.
Qt is cross-platform software for creating graphical user interfaces as well as cross-platform applications that run on various software and hardware platforms such as Linux, Windows, macOS, Android or embedded systems with little or no change in the underlying codebase while still being a native application with native capabilities and speed.
The Q Public License (QPL) is a non-copyleft license, created by Trolltech for its free edition of the Qt. It was used until Qt 3.0, as Trolltech toolkit version 4.0 was released under GPL version 2.
Matthias Ettrich is a German computer scientist and founder of the KDE and LyX projects.
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KDE Plasma 4 is the fourth generation of the KDE workspace environments. It consisted of three workspaces, each targeting a certain platform: Plasma Desktop for traditional desktop PCs and notebooks, Plasma Netbook for netbooks, and Plasma Active for tablet PCs and similar devices.
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