Mehmet | |
---|---|
17th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire | |
In office 1477–1481 | |
Monarch | Mehmet II |
Preceded by | Gedik Ahmed Pasha |
Succeeded by | Ishak Pasha |
Personal details | |
Born | Konya,Ottoman Empire |
Died | 4 May 1481 Istanbul,Ottoman Empire |
Nationality | Ottoman |
Karamani Mehmet Pasha (died 4 May 1481) was an Ottoman statesman who served as Grand Vizier from 1477 to 1481.
Karamani was born in Konya and was a descendant of Rumi. [1] He traveled to Constantinople (present day Istanbul) to study in the medrese founded by Mahmud Pasha Angelovic. Later on,he worked as a teacher in the medrese. Being a man of letters,in various occasions he acted as a consultant to the sultan. He was appointed as the court calligrapher (nisanci,Turkish :nişancı) [2] and he contributed to the kanunname of Mehmed II,a series of laws regularising the Ottoman Empire. He also helped the sultan in writing letters of high literary value to Aq Qoyunlu sultan Uzun Hasan. [3]
After conquering Constantinople and the execution of grand vizier ÇandarlıHalil Pasha,Mehmed II had preferred to appoint grand viziers of devshirme origin instead of Ethnic Turks to avoid possible crises caused by over-powerful grand viziers. [4] After executing his last Turkish grand vizier,his next four grand viziers were of devsirme origin. Karamani Mehmet's appointment as grand vizier in 1476,therefore marks a notable exception,for he was a Turk from the recently conquered Karamanid territory in Anatolia. In his short term in the office,Karamani Mehmet tried to reform the Ottoman administration.
In 1481,Mehmed II died. In the Ottoman Empire,it was the duty of the Grand Viziers to delay the announcement of a Sultan's death before the claimant to throne arrived in the capital,in order to avoid chaos. However,in this case,the sultan's sons were far away;Bayezid (later Bayezid II) was in Amasya and Cem Sultan was in Karaman,Karamani Mehmet's home town. Karamani Mehmet sent messengers to both princes, [5] but as Karaman was nearer to the capital,Cem had a better chance to reach it before his elder brother. Nevertheless,the Janissaries who were supporting Bayezid learned about the Sultan's death and they further suspected that Karamani Mehmet was backing Cem. They revolted and killed Karamani Mehmet a few days after the death of the Sultan. [6]
Bayezid II was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. During his reign,Bayezid consolidated the Ottoman Empire,thwarted a pro-Safavid rebellion and finally abdicated his throne to his son,Selim I. Bayezid evacuated Sephardi Jews from Spain following the fall of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada and the proclamation of the Alhambra Decree and resettled them throughout Ottoman lands,especially in Salonica.
Mehmed II,commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror,was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from August 1444 to September 1446 and then later from February 1451 to May 1481.
Selim II,also known as Selim the Blond or Selim the Drunkard,was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1566 until his death in 1574. He was a son of Suleiman the Magnificent and his wife Hurrem Sultan. Selim had been an unlikely candidate for the throne until his brother Mehmed died of smallpox,his half-brother Mustafa was strangled to death by the order of his father and his brother Bayezid was killed on the order of his father after a rebellion against him and Selim.
Mehmed V Reşâd was the penultimate sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1909 to 1918. Mehmed V reigned as a constitutional monarch,interfering little when it came to government affairs,though the constitution was held with little regard by his ministries. The first half of his reign was marked by contentious politicking between factions of the Young Turks,and the second half by war and domination of the Committee of Union and Progress and the Three Pashas.
Sokollu Mehmed Pasha was an Ottoman statesman of Serbian origin most notable for being the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire. Born in Ottoman Herzegovina into an Orthodox Christian family,Mehmed was recruited as a young boy as part of so called "blood tax" to serve as a janissary to the Ottoman devşirme system of recruiting Christian boys to be raised as officers or administrators for the state. He rose through the ranks of the Ottoman imperial system,eventually holding positions as commander of the imperial guard (1543–1546),High Admiral of the Fleet (1546–1551),Governor-General of Rumelia (1551–1555),Third Vizier (1555–1561),Second Vizier (1561–1565),and as Grand Vizier under three sultans:Suleiman the Magnificent,Selim II,and Murad III. He was assassinated in 1579,ending his near 15-years of service to several Sultans,as sole legal representative in the administration of state affairs.
Cem Sultan or Sultan Cem or Şehzade Cem,was a claimant to the Ottoman throne in the 15th century.
The Karamanids,also known as the Emirate of Karaman and Beylik of Karaman,was one of the Anatolian beyliks,centered in South-Central Anatolia around the present-day Karaman Province. From the mid 14th century until its fall in 1487,the Karamanid dynasty was one of the most powerful beyliks in Anatolia.
Hüma Hatun was a concubine of Ottoman Sultan Murad II and the mother of Mehmed II.
Emine Gülbahar Mükrime Hatun was consort of Sultan Mehmed II,and mother of Sultan Bayezid II.
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Piri Mehmed Pasha was an Ottoman statesman,and grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1518 to 1523.
Gazi Hüseyin Pasha,also known as Deli Hüseyin Pasha or SarıHüseyin Pasha or Baltaoğlu Hüseyin Pasha,was an Ottoman military officer and statesman. He was governor of Egypt (1635–1637),Kapudan Pasha in the 1630s,and briefly Grand Vizier in 1656.
Ishak Pasha was an Ottoman general,statesman,and later Grand Vizier of Albanian or Greek origins.
KemankeşKara Mustafa Pasha was an Ottoman Albanian military officer and statesman who served as Kapudan Pasha and Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire.
Tayyar Mehmed Pasha was an Albanian Ottoman grand vizier. His epithet Tayyar means "flying",referring to his speed in military operations.
Mihrimah Sultan was an Ottoman princess,the daughter of Ottoman Sultan Süleyman the Magnificent and his wife,Hürrem Sultan. She was the most powerful imperial princess in Ottoman history according to historian Mustafa Selaniki who described her as the greatest and most respected princess and a prominent figure in the so-called Sultanate of Women. In Europe she was known as Sultana Cameria,while in Constantinople she was known as Büyük Sultan.
Abaza SiyavuşPasha was a short term grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire who held the post during one of the most chaotic periods of the empire.
Elmas Mehmed Pasha was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier from 1695 to 1697. His epithet Elmas means "diamond" in Persian and refers to his fame as a handsome man.
SarıSüleyman Pasha was the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 18 November 1685 to 18 September 1687. He was executed after the defeat of the Ottoman forces in the Second Battle of Mohács.
Ottoman wars in Asia refers to the wars involving the Ottoman Empire in Asia. Ottoman Empire was founded at the beginning of the 14th century. Its original settlement was in the northwest Anatolia where it was a small beylik (principality). Its main rival was Byzantine Empire. In 1350s Ottomans were able to cross the Dardanelles strait and eventually they conquered most of the Balkans. Although they mainly concentrated their expansions in Europe,they also expanded their territories in Asia,mainly in Fertile Crescent and Arabian Peninsula.