Bayezid II was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1481 to 1512. During his reign,Bayezid consolidated the Ottoman Empire,thwarted a pro-Safavid rebellion and finally abdicated his throne to his son,Selim I. Bayezid evacuated Sephardi Jews from Spain following the fall of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada and the proclamation of the Alhambra Decree and resettled them throughout Ottoman lands,especially in Salonica.
Mehmed II,commonly known as Mehmed the Conqueror,was twice the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from August 1444 to September 1446 and then later from February 1451 to May 1481.
Mehmed I,also known as Mehmed Çelebi or Kirişçi,was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1413 to 1421. Son of Sultan Bayezid I and his concubine Devlet Hatun,he fought with his brothers over control of the Ottoman realm in the Ottoman Interregnum (1402–1413). Starting from the province of Rûm he managed to bring first Anatolia and then the European territories (Rumelia) under his control,reuniting the Ottoman state by 1413,and ruling it until his death in 1421. Called "The Restorer," he reestablished central authority in Anatolia,and he expanded the Ottoman presence in Europe by the conquest of Wallachia in 1415. Venice destroyed his fleet off Gallipoli in 1416 as the Ottomans lost a naval war.
KöprülüMehmed Pasha was Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire and founding patriarch of the Köprülüpolitical dynasty. He helped rebuild the power of the empire by rooting out corruption and reorganizing the Ottoman army. As he introduced these changes,Köprülüalso expanded the borders of the empire,defeating the Cossacks,the Hungarians,and most impressively,the Venetians. Köprülü's effectiveness was matched by his reputation.
Zaganos or Zagan Pasha was an Albanian Ottoman military commander,with the titles and ranks of kapudan pasha and the highest military rank,grand vizier,during the reign of Sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror". Originally a Christian,who was conscripted and converted through the devşirme system,he became a Muslim and rose through the ranks of the janissaries. He became one of the prominent military commanders of Mehmed II and a lala –the sultan's advisor,mentor,tutor,councillor,protector,all at once. He removed his rival,the previous Grand Vizier ÇandarlıHalil Pasha the Younger,amid the fall of Constantinople. He later served as the governor of Thessaly of Macedonia.
Gedik Ahmed Pasha was an Ottoman statesman and admiral who served as Grand Vizier and Kapudan Pasha during the reigns of sultans Mehmed II and Bayezid II.
Lala Mustafa Pasha,also known by the additional epithet Kara,was an Ottoman Bosnian general and Grand Vizier from the Sanjak of Bosnia.
Karamani Mehmet Pasha was an Ottoman statesman who served as Grand Vizier from 1477 to 1481.
Bayezid Pasha or Beyazid Pasha was an Ottoman-Albanian statesman who served as grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1413 to 1421. He was the first Albanian and first Muslim from Balkans to become Grand Vizier of the Ottoman state.
Mahmud Pasha Angelović was the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1456 to 1466 and from 1472 to 1474. He also wrote Persian and Turkish poems under the pseudonym Adni.
Ishak Pasha was an Ottoman general,statesman,and later Grand Vizier of Albanian or Greek origins.
Süleyman Çelebi was an Ottoman prince and a co-ruler of the Ottoman Empire for several years during the Ottoman Interregnum. There is a tradition of western origin,according to which Suleiman the Magnificent was "Suleiman II",but that tradition has been based on an erroneous assumption that Süleyman Çelebi was to be recognised as a legitimate sultan.
Şehzade Ahmed was a Şehzade (prince) of the Ottoman Empire,the eldest survived son of Sultan Bayezid II. He fought against his younger brother,Selim,in the Ottoman Civil War of 1509–1513 to succeed their father,and was a central figure in the Şahkulu rebellion. Ahmed ultimately lost the war against his brother,and was executed by Selim's order after the latter usurped the throne.
Juneyd or Junayd Bey was the last ruler (bey) of the Aydınid principality in what is now central western Turkey. His exact relationship with the Aydınid dynasty is unclear. His father was a long-time and popular governor of Smyrna under the Ottoman sultan Bayezid I. This allowed Junayd to consistently rely on the loyalty of the area's populace.
Turahanoğlu Ömer Bey was an Ottoman general and governor. The son of the famed Turahan Bey,he was active chiefly in southern Greece:he fought in the Morea against both the Byzantines in the 1440s and 1450s and against the Venetians in the 1460s,while in 1456,he conquered the Latin Duchy of Athens. He also fought in Albania,north-east Italy,Wallachia and Anatolia.
Hamza Bey was a 15th-century Ottoman admiral of Albanian origin.
Hass Murad Pasha was an Ottoman statesman and commander of Byzantine Greek origin.
The Treaty of Gallipoli,concluded in January or early February 1403,was a peace treaty between Süleyman Çelebi,ruler of the Ottoman territories in the Balkans,and the main Christian regional powers:the Byzantine Empire,the Republic of Venice,the Republic of Genoa,the Knights Hospitaller,and the Duchy of Naxos. Concluded in the aftermath of the Battle of Ankara,while Süleyman tried to strengthen his own position in the succession struggle with his brothers,the treaty brought major concessions to the Christian states,especially the Byzantines,who regained lost territories and achieved a position of nominal superiority over the Ottoman ruler. Its provisions were honoured by Süleyman as well as by Mehmed I,the victor of the Ottoman succession struggle,but collapsed after Mehmed's death in 1421.
Manuel Bochalis was an Albanian military commander in the service of the Despotate of the Morea and the Republic of Venice.
Andreas Palaiologos,sometimes anglicized to Andrew Palaeologus,was a son of Manuel Palaiologos. Andreas was likely named after his uncle,Manuel's brother,Andreas Palaiologos. Andreas's father had returned from exile under the protection of the Papacy to Constantinople in 1476 and had been generously provided for by Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire,who had conquered the city from Manuel's relatives in 1453. Although Manuel remained a Christian until his death at some point before 1512,Andreas converted to Islam and served as an Ottoman court official under the name Mehmet Pasha. He was the last certain member of the imperial branch of the Palaiologos family.
