Kenyan general election, 1963

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General elections were held in Kenya between 18 and 26 May 1963, the last before independence later in the year. The result was a victory for the Kenya African National Union (KANU), which won 120 of the 124 seats in the House of Representatives and 30 of the 38 seats in the Senate. Five seats in the House and three in the Senate remained unfilled due to a secessionist conflict on the border with Somalia. [1]

Kenya republic in East Africa

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa with 47 semiautonomous counties governed by elected governors. At 580,367 square kilometres (224,081 sq mi), Kenya is the world's 48th largest country by total area. With a population of more than 52.2 million people, Kenya is the 27th most populous country. Kenya's capital and largest city is Nairobi while its oldest city and first capital is the coastal city of Mombasa. Kisumu City is the third largest city and a critical inland port at Lake Victoria. Other important urban centres include Nakuru and Eldoret.

Kenya African National Union Kenyan political party (Founded 1960, sole legal party 1982-1991. Absorbed the National Development Party in 2002.)

The Kenya African National Union (KANU) is a Kenyan political party that ruled for nearly 40 years after Kenya's independence from British colonial rule in 1963 until its electoral loss in 2002. It was known as Kenya African Union (KAU) from 1944 to 1952.KAU was banned by the colonial government from 1952 to 1960.It was re-established by James Gichuru in 1960 and renamed to KANU on 14 May 1960 after a merger with Tom Mboya's Kenya Independence Movement.

Senate of Kenya upper house of the Parliament of Kenya

The Senate is the upper house of the Parliament of Kenya. The Senate was first established as part of Kenya's 1963 Constitution. After being abolished in 1966, the Senate was re-established by the 2010 Constitution.

Contents

Campaign

A total of 275 candidates contested the elections for the House of Representatives; 90 from KANU, 59 from the Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU), 20 from the African People's Party (APP), five from the Baluhya Political Union (BPU), three from the Coast People's Party and 98 independents. [2]

Kenya African Democratic Union political party

The Kenya African Democratic Union (KADU) was a political party in Kenya. It was founded in 1960 when several leading politicians refused to join Jomo Kenyatta's Kenya African National Union (KANU). It was led by Ronald Ngala who was joined by Moi's Kalenjin Political Alliance, the Masai United Front, the Kenya African Peoples Party, the Coast African Political Union,Masinde Muliro's Baluhya Political Union and the Somali National Front. The separate tribal organisations were to retain their identity and so, from the very start, KADU based its political approach on tribalism.. KADU's aim was to defend the interests of the so-called KAMATUSA as well as the British settlers, against the imagined future dominance of the larger Luo and Kikuyu that comprised the majority of KANU's membership, when it became inevitable that Kenya will achieve its independence. The KADU objective was to work towards a multiracial self government within the existing colonial political system. After release of Jomo Kenyatta,KADU was becoming increasingly popular with European settlers and, on the whole, repudiated Kenyatta's leadership. KADU's plan at Lancaster meetings was devised by European supporters, essentially to protect prevailing British settlers land rights.

African Peoples Party

The African People's Party (APP) was a political party in Kenya.

Baluhya Political Union

The Baluhya Political Union was a political party in Kenya.

KADU, the APP and the BPU agreed to work together to try to defeat KANU. [2]

Conduct

Pre-election violence occurred in Kangundo when a group of Kamba attacked KANU supporters, injuring fourteen people. [2] Eleven people were arrested after KADU supporters were attacked outside party offices in Kitale. [2]

Kangundo Town Council in Machakos County, Kenya

Kangundo is a town in Kenya's Machakos County in the lower eastern region of Kenya. It is usually classified as being one town with Tala, due to their close proximity.

Kamba people ethnic group

The Kamba or Akamba people are a Bantu ethnic group - or tribe - who live in the semi-arid formerly Eastern Province of Kenya stretching east from Nairobi to Tsavo and north up to Embu, Kenya. This land is called Ukambani which constitutes of Makueni County, Kitui County and Machakos County.

Kitale Municipality in Trans-Nzoia County, Kenya

Kitale is an agricultural town in northern Rift Valley Kenya situated between Mount Elgon and the Cherangany Hills at an elevation of around 1,900 metres (6,200 ft). Its population is 106,187 as of 2009.. Kitale is the headquarter town of Trans-Nzoia County.

Results

House of Representatives

PartyVotes%Seats
ConstituencyNationalTotal+/−
Kenya African National Union 988,31153.60721183+64
Kenya African Democratic Union 476,21825.8332133+22
African People's Party 137,0087.43808New
Baluhya Political Union 14,8960.81000−1
Coast People's Party9,1350.500000
Independents218,31111.84000New
Unfilled seats55
Total1,843,87910011712129+96
Registered voters/turnout2,583,000
Source: EISA, Sternberger et al. [3]

Senate

The Nyanza Province African Union won its seat unopposed, whilst KANU (five) and KADU (four) won a further nine unopposed. [3]

PartyVotes%Seats
Kenya African National Union 1,028,90659.1818
Kenya African Democratic Union 474,93327.3216
African People's Party 147,0398.462
Baluhya Political Union 5,5200.320
Independents82,3284.731
Nyanza Province African Union 1
Invalid/blank votes7,662
Total1,746,38810038
Registered voters/turnout2,583,000
Source: EISA

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References

  1. Kenya: 1963 House of Representatives election results EISA
  2. 1 2 3 4 "Electioneering Violence in Kenya", East Africa and Rhodesia, 16 May 1963, p790
  3. 1 2 Dolf Sternberger, Bernhard Vogel, Dieter Nohlen & Klaus Landfried (1978) Die Wahl der Parlamente: Band II: Afrika, Erster Halbband, p973