LMS Patriot Class

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LMS Patriot Class
LMS 'Patriot' 4-6-0 entering Manchester Victoria railway station 2093405 f54a59c7.jpg
45500 Patriot at Manchester Victoria, 1960.
Type and origin
Power typeSteam
Designer Sir Henry Fowler
Builder
Build date1930–1934
Total produced52
Specifications
Configuration:
​
 •  Whyte 4-6-0
 •  UIC 2′C h3
Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Leading dia. 3 ft 3 in (0.991 m)
Driver dia.6 ft 9 in (2.06 m)
Length62 ft 8+3⁄4 in (19.120 m)
Loco weight80.75 long tons (82.05 t; 90.44 short tons)
Tender weight42.70 long tons (43.39 t; 47.82 short tons)
Total weight123.45 long tons (125.43 t; 138.26 short tons)
Fuel type Coal
Fuel capacity5.5 long tons (5.6 t; 6.2 short tons)
Water cap.3,500 imp gal (16,000 L; 4,200 US gal)
Firebox:
 • Firegrate area		30+1⁄2 sq ft (2.83 m2)
BoilerG9½S
Boiler pressure200 psi (1.4 MPa)
Heating surface:
 • Tubes and flues		1,552 sq ft (144.2 m2)
 • Firebox183 sq ft (17.0 m2)
Superheater:
​
 • Heating area365 sq ft (33.9 m2)
Cylinders 3
Cylinder size 18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm)
Valve gear Walschaerts
Valve typePiston valves
Train brakes Vacuum
Performance figures
Tractive effort 26,520 lbf (118.0 kN)
Career
Operators
Power class
  • 1930–51: 5XP
  • 1951–65: 6P5F
Numbers
  • LMS (1934): 5500–5551
  • BR: 45500–45551
Withdrawn1960–1965
DispositionOriginal 52 withdrawn and scrapped; New-build project under construction

The Patriot Class was a class of 52 express passenger steam locomotives built for the London Midland and Scottish Railway. The first locomotive of the class was built in 1930 and the last in 1934. The class was based on the chassis of the Royal Scot combined with the boiler from Large Claughtons earning them the nickname Baby Scots. A total of 18 were rebuilt to create the LMS Rebuilt Patriot Class between 1946 and 1948; thereafter those not subjected to rebuilding were often referred to as the Unrebuilt Patriot Class. These remaining 34 unrebuilt engines were withdrawn between 1960 and 1962.

Contents

Overview

The first two were rebuilt in 1930 from the 1912-built LNWR Large Claughton Class, retaining the original driving wheels with their large bosses, the "double radial" bogie truck and some other parts. Of the subsequent 50 locomotives of the class 40 were nominal rebuilds of Claughtons, being in fact new builds classified as rebuilt engines so that they could be charged to revenue accounts, rather than capital. The last ten were classified as new builds.

The two former Claughtons retained their original numbers until 1934, when they were renumbered 5500–1. [1] The 40 built as replacements took the numbers of the Claughtons that they replaced; these were renumbered 5502–41 in 1934. [2] The remainder of the class were allocated nos. 6030–9, but were numbered 5542–51 from new. [3] The numbering of the similar LMS Jubilee Class continued on from where the Patriots left off. This was because 5552–5556 were ordered as Patriots (to be numbered 6040–4) but built with taper boilers as Jubilees on the orders of Sir William Stanier. [4]

Naming of the class was somewhat erratic. Some retained old Claughton names, whilst others continued the military associations of the names Patriot and St Dunstans, and 13 carried names of holiday resorts served by the LMS. Seven remained unnamed, although they had been allocated names in 1943.

Many of the 52 members of the Patriot Class spent the bulk of their working careers in England, primarily on the West Coast Main Line. Most of them were stationed at the Crewe North and Carlisle Upperby, though a few were stationed at Edge Hill, Bushbury, Camden, Willesden, Carlisle Kingmoor and other locations in the area. They were primarily used as express engines, but were later tasked with occasional mixed traffic work once the diesel engines arrived on the network. [5]

Rebuilding

Between 1946 and 1949, eighteen members were rebuilt with Stanier 2A boiler, cab and tender, though again these were largely paper rebuilds, based on the LMS Rebuilt Royal Scot Class. Seven (Nos 5514/21/6/9-31/40) had been rebuilt by the start of 1948 when British Railways inherited the remaining 45 Baby Scots. In March 1948 BR added 40000 to their numbers to number them 45500–13/15-20/2-5/7/8/32-9/41-51. Subsequently, BR rebuilt another 11, so that the rebuilt engines were (4)5512/14/21–23/25–32/34–36/45. The two original members of the class, and the first ten of the nominal rebuilds, were not rebuilt due to their non-standard parts.

YearNumber rebuiltNumbers
194625521/30
194755514/26/9/31/40
19481045512/23/5/7/8/32/4-6/45
1949145522
Total18

Details

5504 Royal Signals was built in 1932 and was originally numbered 5987 as a paper rebuild of an LNWR Claughton Class. Later renumbered 5504 and was named in 1937, finally becoming BR No. 45504, in which condition it is pictured at Bromsgrove. It was withdrawn in 1962 without ever being rebuilt. Bristol (Temple Meads) to York express at Bromsgrove 2093445 81a11e17.jpg
5504 Royal Signals was built in 1932 and was originally numbered 5987 as a paper rebuild of an LNWR Claughton Class. Later renumbered 5504 and was named in 1937, finally becoming BR No. 45504, in which condition it is pictured at Bromsgrove. It was withdrawn in 1962 without ever being rebuilt.

Note some never received BR numbers as unrebuilt engines because either they were rebuilt by the LMS. In the table below BR numbers for BR-rebuilt engines are given, but some engines may not have received BR numbers while in an unrebuilt condition as renumbering took several years (sources should indicate these).

Full stock list table
Pre-
1934
LMS
No.		Post
1934
LMS
No.
BR No.Name(s) (dates)BuiltWorks Rebuilt WithdrawnNotes
5971550045500 Croxteth (until 1937)
Patriot (Feb. 1937)		November 1930DerbyMarch 1961
5902550145501 Sir Frank Ree (until 1937)
St. Dunstans (1937)		November 1930DerbySeptember 1961
5959550245502 Royal Naval Division (1937)July 1932CreweSeptember 1960
5985550345503 The Leicestershire Regiment (1938)
The Royal Leicestershire Regiment (Nov. 1948).		July 1932CreweAugust 1961
5987550445504 Royal Signals (1937)July 1932CreweMarch 1962
5949550545506 The Royal Army Ordnance Corps (1947)August 1932CreweJune 1962
5974550645506 The Royal Pioneer Corps (Sep. 1948)August 1932CreweMarch 1962
5936550745507 Royal Tank Corps (1937)August 1932CreweOctober 1962
6010550845508August 1932CreweNovember 1960Fitted with stovepipe chimney in 1956.
6005550945509 The Derbyshire Yeomanry (1951)August 1932CreweAugust 1961
6012551045510August 1932CreweJune 1962
5942551145511 Isle of Man (1938)September 1932CreweFebruary 1961
5966551245512BunsenSeptember 1932CreweJuly 1948n/a
5958551345513September 1932CreweSeptember 19621943 name allocated: Sir W.A. Stanier .
59835514n/a Holyhead (1938)September 1932CreweMarch 1947n/a
5992551545515 Caernarvon (1939)October 1932CreweJune 1962
5982551645516 The Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment . (1938)October 1932CreweAugust 1961
5952551745517February 1933CreweJune 1962
6006551845518 Bradshaw (1939)February 1933CreweOctober 1962
6008551945519 Lady Godiva February 1933CreweMarch 1962
5954552045520 Llandudno (1937)February 1933DerbyMay 1962
59335521 Rhyl (1937)March 1933DerbyNovember 1946n/a
5973552245522 Prestatyn (1939)March 1933DerbyJanuary 1949n/a
6026552345523 Bangor (1938)March 1933CreweOctober 1948n/a
5907552445524 Sir Frederick Harrison (until 1937)
Blackpool (1937)		March 1933CreweSeptember 1962
5916552545525 E. Tootal Broadhurst (until 1937)
| Colwyn Bay (1937)		March 1933DerbyAugust 1948n/a
59635526n/a Morecambe and Heysham (1937)March 1933DerbyFebruary 1947n/a
5944552745527 Southport (1937)April 1933DerbySeptember 1948n/a
5996552845528April 1933DerbySeptember 1948n/a
59265529n/a Sir Herbert Walker K.C.B. (until 1937)April 1933CreweJuly 1947
60225530n/a Sir Frank Ree (1937)April 1933CreweOctober 1946Name transferred from 5501.
60275531n/a Sir Frederick Harrison (1937)April 1933CreweDecember 1947Name transferred from 5524.
6011553245532 Illustrious April 1933CreweJune 1948n/a
5905553345533 Lord Rathmore April 1933DerbySeptember 1962
5935553445534 E. Tootal Broadhurst (1937)April 1933CreweDecember 1948-Name transferred from 5525.
5997553545535 Sir Herbert Walker K.C.B. (1937)May 1933DerbySeptember 1948n/aName transferred from 5529.
6018553645536 Private W. Wood V.C. (1936)May 1933CreweNovember 1948n/a
6015553745537 Private E. Sykes V.C. July 1933CreweJune 1962
6000553845538 Giggleswick (1938)July 1933CreweSeptember 1962
5925553945539 E. C. Trench July 1933CreweSeptember 1961
59015540n/a Sir Robert Turnbull August 1933CreweOctober 1947n/a
5903554145541 Duke of Sutherland August 1933CreweJune 1962
554245542March 1934CreweJune 1962
554345543 Home Guard (1940)March 1934CreweNovember 1962
554445544March 1934CreweNovember 1962
554545545March 1934CreweNovember 1948
554645546 Fleetwood (1938)March 1934CreweJune 1962
554745547April 1934CreweSeptember 1962
554845548 Lytham St. Annes (1937)April 1934CreweJune 1962
554945549April 1934CreweJune 19621943 name allocated: R.A.M.C.
555045550May 1934CreweNovember 19621943 name allocated: Sir Henry Fowler
5551 45551May 1934CreweJune 1962 Replica of original engine under construction. Replica to be named "The Unknown Warrior", original engine never named.

Accidents and incidents

Withdrawal

All of the unrebuilt Patriots were withdrawn between 1960 and 1962 [9] in accordance with the BR Modernisation Plan.

YearQuantity in service at start of yearQuantity withdrawnLocomotive numbers
196034245502/08
196132845500–01/03/09/11/16/39/44
1962242445504–07/10/13/15/17–20/24/33/37–38/41–43/46–51

New Build

Replica under construction. 5551 The Unknown Warrior inside Crewe HC shed.jpg
Replica under construction.

No Patriot in either rebuilt or unrebuilt form survived into preservation; however, a replica of no.5551 is under construction. The LMS-Patriot Project, [10] a registered charity, is building a replica which will carry the number of the last built – LMS number 5551 or British Railways number 45551. It will be named The Unknown Warrior .

In fiction

This class of engine forms the basis of the Big City Engine from the Railway Series of children's books by the Rev. W. Awdry. [11]

Models

Both Hornby and Bachmann have produced OO gauge models.

Hornby first introduced an original Patriot in the 1979 catalogue that has remained in production and now forms part of the 'Railroad' budget (i.e. toy) range. The following models have been produced:

Product Ref.NumberNameLivery
R3085533Lord RathmoreLMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R3115541Duke of SutherlandLMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R32445519Lady GodivaBR black, lined, BRITISH RAILWAYS lettering
R357 (1979) [12] 5541Duke of SutherlandLMS crimson lake
R57845537Private E Sykes VCBR Brunswick green, early logo
R218245515CaernarvonBR Brunswick green, late logo
R2182A5539E.C. TrenchLMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R220845514HolyheadLMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R263345545PlanetBR Brunswick green, late logo
R263445512BunsenBR Brunswick green, early logo
R272645536Private W Wood VCBR Brunswick green, early logo
R29365532IllustriousLMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors
R315445539E.C. TrenchBR Brunswick green, late logo
R327845518BradshawBR Brunswick green, early logo

Bachmann Industries make a more detailed and expensive model of the original Patriot, also in OO gauge. The following models have been produced:

Product Ref.NumberNameLivery
31-21045503The Royal Leicestershire RegimentBR Brunswick green, early logo
31-21145543Home GuardBR Brunswick green, late logo
31-2125541Duke of SutherlandLMS crimson lake, with smoke deflectors [13] )
31-21345504Royal SignalsBR Brunswick green with late logo
31-21445538GiggleswickBR Brunswick green with early logo
31-215Replica 5551The Unknown WarriorPreserved LMS crimson lake with smoke deflectors, as will be preserved

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References

  1. ↑ Toms, Essery & James 2006, p. 65.
  2. ↑ Toms, Essery & James 2006, p. 63.
  3. ↑ Toms, Essery & James 2006, p. 69.
  4. ↑ Toms, Essery & James 2006, pp. 67, 69.
  5. ↑ Nash, Gordon (8 November 2016). "The LMS "Patriot" Class 4-6-0 in North West England". Railway Matters. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  6. ↑ Hall 1990, p. 99.
  7. ↑ Earnshaw 1990, p. 22.
  8. ↑ Earnshaw 1990, pp. 24–25.
  9. ↑ Rowledge 1975, p. 14.
  10. ↑ "Creating the new Royal British Legion Endorsed National Memorial Engine". Lms-patriot.org.uk. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
  11. ↑ [The Real Lives of Thomas the Tank Engine ""Foreign Engine""]. The Real Lives of Thomas the Tank Engine. Retrieved 14 November 2020.{{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  12. ↑ "Hornby Railways Collector Guide - Catalogue Number Details - R.357".
  13. ↑ "- YouTube". YouTube .

Bibliography

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