| Lacronia | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Lacronia ceci from Brazil | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Opiliones |
| Family: | Gonyleptidae |
| Genus: | Lacronia Strand, 1942 |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Lacronia is a genus of South American harvestmen, which includes five Brazilian species. A striking diagnostic character is the trochanter IV of male with strong medial prolateral apophysis forming a pincer with the dorso-apical apophysis of coxa IV. [1]
This genus was at first named Luederwaldtia by Mello-Leitão in 1923, [2] but the name was already preoccupied, being a junior homonym of Luederwaldtia Schmidt, 1922 (Hemiptera). Strand proposed the valid replacement name Lacronia, [3] which was ignored by most subsequent authors and unearthed only 60 years later. [4]
Lacronia ceci is the first species of the genus to be found in highlands away from the coast. The other three species of Lacronia are known from coastal environments: Lacronia serripes is known only from small islands. The other two were found in continental "restinga" biome. Individuals of both sexes of Lacronia ceci were found inside bamboo ( Guadua taguara ) hollows or in immediately surrounding areas. No individuals were found in other locations during diurnal collectings. Lacronia camboriu and L. ricardoi were found inside bromeliads, suggesting that the species of this genus are related to phytotelmata. [5]
Pachylinae is the most diverse subfamily of the harvestman family Gonyleptidae, including around 400 valid species. Major groups of species occur in the Brazilian Atlantic forest, Bolivian/Peruvian highlands, Argentina, and Chilean temperate forest.
Samooidea is a large superfamily in the Grassatores group of harvestmen. It includes around 380 species distributed throughout the tropics. They are characterized by the complex male genitalia, with eversible complementary sclerites.
Cosmetidae is a family of harvestmen in the suborder Laniatores. With over 700 species, it is one of the largest families in Opiliones. They are endemic of the New World with a Nearctic-Neotropical distribution where a large fraction of the diversity of Opiliones are represented by this single family. Cosmetidae have the northern extent of their range into the USA, where a small number species occur in the southern states. However, the family is especially diverse in Mexico, Central America and northern South America; especially the Andean realms. Their range also extends further south into Argentina and southern Brazil, but they are absent in Chile. Cosmetidae are prevalent in Amazonian region, but only relatively few also occur in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Several species are also found in the Caribbean.
Giupponia is a monotypic genus of the harvestman family Gonyleptidae. The only described species, G. chagasi, was found in two limestone caves in Serra do Ramalho, Bahia State, Brazil.
The Stygnidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
The Cranaidae are a family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores.
The Icaleptidae are a small family of neotropical harvestmen within the suborder Laniatores. Although only two species have been described, many more are probably to be discovered.
Kimulidae is a small neotropical family of the harvestman infraorder Grassatores with about thirty described species.
Phormictopus is a genus of spiders in the family Theraphosidae (tarantulas) that occurs in the West Indies, mainly Cuba and Hispaniola, with three species probably misplaced in this genus found in Brazil and Argentina.
Stenoterommata is a genus of South American araneomorph spiders in the family Pycnothelidae. It was first described by E. L. Holmberg in 1881. Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, it was transferred to the funnel-web trapdoor spiders in 1985, then to the Pycnothelidae in 2020. It is a senior synonym of Ctenochelus.
Crosbyella is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Phalangodidae. There are about five described species in Crosbyella.
Megacina is a genus of armoured harvestmen in the family Phalangodidae. There are at least four described species in Megacina.
Calicina sequoia is a species of armoured harvestman in the family Phalangodidae. It is found in North America.
Calicina galena is a species of armoured harvestman in the family Phalangodidae. It is found in North America.
Calicina mariposa is a species of armoured harvestman in the family Phalangodidae. It is found in North America.
Calicina ensata is a species of armoured harvestman in the family Phalangodidae. It is found in North America.
Taito is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. The genus is endemic to the Amazon Basin in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru.
Rhaucus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Cosmetidae. The genus is endemic to the northern Andes in Colombia. There are currently seven described species in the genus.
Asarcus is a genus of harvestmen in the family Gonyleptidae with four described species. All species are found in Brazil.
Bourguyia is a genus of harvestmen in the family Gonyleptidae with four described species. All species are found in Brazil.