Laviniinae

Laviniinae Temporal range: Late Eocene/Early Oligocene-recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Mylopharodon conocephalus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cypriniformes
Family:	Leuciscidae
Subfamily:	Laviniinae Bleeker, 1863
Genera
See text

Laviniinae is a subfamily of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Leuciscidae, the family which includes the daces, chubs, Eurasian minnows and related fishes. Members of this subfamily are known as western chubs or the western clade (WC) of minnows. As the name suggests, most members of this clade are found in western North America aside from Chrosomus , which is found in eastern North America. ^{[1] [2]}

One of the largest North American cypriniforms and the largest member of Leuciscidae, the Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius), belongs to this subfamily. ^[1]

Fossil remains of a large minnow presumably related to Ptychocheilus have been recovered from the Late Eocene or Early Oligocene-aged deposits of the Cypress Hills Formation in Saskatchewan. ^[3]

Genera

Laviniinae contains the following genera: ^[4]

• Chrosomus Rafinesque, 1820 (redbelly daces)
• Eremichthys Hubbs & R. R. Miller, 1948 (desert dace)
• † Evarra Woolman, 1894 (Mexican daces)
• Gila Baird & Girard, 1853 (western chubs)
• Hesperoleucus Snyder, 1913 (California roach)
• Lavinia Girard, 1854 (hitch)
• Mylopharodon Ayres, 1855 (hardheads)
• Orthodon Girard, 1856 (Sacramento blackfish)
• Ptychocheilus Agassiz, 1855 (pikeminnows)
• Relictus Hubbs & R. R. Miller, 1972 (relict dace)
• Siphateles Cope, 1883

References

1. Schönhuth, Susana; Vukić, Jasna; Šanda, Radek; Yang, Lei; Mayden, Richard L. (2018-10-01). "Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Holarctic family Leuciscidae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinoidei)" . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 781–799. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.026. ISSN   1055-7903. PMID   29913311. S2CID   49292104.
2. "Order CYPRINIFORMES: Family LEUCISCIDAE: Subfamilies LAVINIINAE, PLAGOPTERINAE and POGONICHTHYINAE". The ETYFish Project. 2018-10-17. Retrieved 2020-11-27.
3. Divay, Julien D.; Murray, Alison M. (2015-06-23). "The late Eocene–early Oligocene ichthyofauna from the Eastend area of the Cypress Hills Formation, Saskatchewan, Canada" . Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (4): e956877. doi:10.1080/02724634.2014.956877. ISSN   0272-4634.
4. Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Laviniinae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 13 May 2025.