Phoxinus

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Phoxinus
Temporal range: Early Oligocene–present
Phoxinus apollonicus.jpeg
Phoxinus apollonicus
Phoxinus bigerri 01 by-dpc.jpg
Phoxinus bigerri
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Cypriniformes
Family: Leuciscidae
Subfamily: Phoxininae
Bleeker, 1863 [1]
Genus: Phoxinus
Rafinesque, 1820 [1]
Type species
Cyprinus phoxinus
Synonyms [1]

Phoxinus is a genus of freshwater fish in the family Leuciscidae of order Cypriniformes, and the only members of the subfamily Phoxininae, or Eurasian minnows. [2] [3] The type species is Phoxinus phoxinus . The other species in this genus are also commonly known as minnows. The name "minnow" was what early English fisherman used to describe "small and insignificant". The genus Phoxinus is found throughout Eurasia, and includes 21 known species. [4] Previously, members of the North American genus Chrosomus were also believed to form part of this genus. [5]

Species

Phoxinus contains the following species: [6]

Fossil skeleton of Palaeorutilus FOS436.jpg
Fossil skeleton of Palaeorutilus

A single fossil phoxinine is known, the genus † Palaeorutilus Gaudant, 1988 from the early to late Oligocene of Europe. [7] [8]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Leuciscidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 22 March 2025.
  2. ↑ Schönhuth, Susana; Vukić, Jasna; Šanda, Radek; Yang, Lei; Mayden, Richard L. (2018-10-01). "Phylogenetic relationships and classification of the Holarctic family Leuciscidae (Cypriniformes: Cyprinoidei)" . Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 127: 781–799. Bibcode:2018MolPE.127..781S. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2018.06.026. ISSN   1055-7903. PMID   29913311. S2CID   49292104.
  3. ↑ "Family LEUCISCIDAE Subfamily PHOXININAE Bleeker 1863 (Eurasian Minnows)". The ETYFish Project. 9 February 2024. Retrieved 12 March 2024.
  4. ↑ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Phoxinus". FishBase . October 2015 version.
  5. ↑ Strange, R.M.; Mayden, R.L. (2009). "Phylogenetic Relationships and a Revised Taxonomy for North American Cyprinids Currently Assigned to Phoxinus (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae)". Copeia (3): 494–501. doi:10.1643/CI-07-070.
  6. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Phoxinus". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 22 March 2025.
  7. ↑ BÖHME, MADELAINE (2007). "REVISION OF THE CYPRINIDS FROM THE EARLY OLIGOCENE OF THE ČESKÉ STŘEDOHOŘÍ MOUNTAINS, AND THE PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS OF PROTOTHYMALLUS LAUBE, 1901 (TELEOSTEI, CYPRINIDAE, GOBIONINAE)" (PDF). Historia Naturalis. 63 (2–4): 175–194.
  8. ↑ Perea, Silvia; Böhme, Madelaine; Zupančič, Primož; Freyhof, Jörg; Šanda, Radek; Özuluğ, Müfit; Abdoli, Asghar; Doadrio, Ignacio (2010-08-31). "Phylogenetic relationships and biogeographical patterns in Circum-Mediterranean subfamily Leuciscinae (Teleostei, Cyprinidae) inferred from both mitochondrial and nuclear data". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10 (1): 265. Bibcode:2010BMCEE..10..265P. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-265 . ISSN   1471-2148. PMC   2940817 . PMID   20807419.
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