Lepidotidae

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Lepidotidae
Temporal range: Early Jurassic–Early Cretaceous
2013-03 Naturkundemuseum Berlin Dickschupperfisch Scheenstia maximus anagoria.jpg
Fossil of Scheenstia maximus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Clade: Ginglymodi
Order: Lepisosteiformes
Family: Lepidotidae
Owen, 1860
Genera

See text

Lepidotidae is an extinct family of fish, known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. Most species were originally assigned to the genus Lepidotes which was long considered a wastebasket taxon. Cladistic analysis has indicated that they are close relatives of gars, with both being members of the order Lepisosteiformes. Members of the family are known from both marine and freshwater environments. [1] Their bulky body morphology and small median fins suggests that they were slow-moving fish that were capable of performing fine movements in order to grasp prey. [2] Lepidotes sensu stricto had peg-like grasping marginal teeth and crushing palatal teeth, and is known to have consumed small crustaceans, [3] while Scheenstia had low rounded crushing marginal teeth, indicating a durophagous diet. [4]

Taxonomy

References

  1. Cavin, Lionel; Deesri, Uthumporn; Olive, Sébastien (2020-03-18). "Scheenstia bernissartensis (Actinopterygii: Ginglymodi) from the Early Cretaceous of Bernissart, Belgium, with an appraisal of ginglymodian evolutionary history" . Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 18 (6): 513–527. doi:10.1080/14772019.2019.1634649. ISSN   1477-2019. S2CID   199631685.
  2. Cawley, John J.; Marramà, Giuseppe; Carnevale, Giorgio; Villafaña, Jaime A.; López‐Romero, Faviel A.; Kriwet, Jürgen (February 2021). "Rise and fall of †Pycnodontiformes: Diversity, competition and extinction of a successful fish clade". Ecology and Evolution. 11 (4): 1769–1796. doi:10.1002/ece3.7168. ISSN   2045-7758. PMC   7882952 . PMID   33614003.
  3. Thies, Detlev; Stevens, Kevin; Stumpf, Sebastian (2021-06-03). "Stomach contents of the Early Jurassic fish † Lepidotes Agassiz, 1832 (Actinopterygii, Lepisosteiformes) and their palaeoecological implications" . Historical Biology. 33 (6): 868–879. doi:10.1080/08912963.2019.1665040. ISSN   0891-2963. S2CID   203892069.
  4. Leuzinger, Léa; Cavin, Lionel; López‐Arbarello, Adriana; Billon‐Bruyat, Jean‐Paul (January 2020). Smith, Andrew (ed.). "Peculiar tooth renewal in a Jurassic ray‐finned fish (Lepisosteiformes, † Scheenstia sp.)". Palaeontology. 63 (1): 117–129. doi: 10.1111/pala.12446 . ISSN   0031-0239.
  5. Thies, D.; Stevens, K.; Ansorge, J. (2024). "A new lepisosteiform neopterygian (Actinopterygii) from the lower Toarcian Grimmen Formation (Lower Jurassic) of Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania, Germany". PalZ. doi: 10.1007/s12542-023-00683-5 .