Sphaenorhynchus is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They are also known as lime treefrogs or hatchet-faced treefrogs. They are found in the Amazon and Orinoco River basins of South America, the Guianas, Trinidad, and southern and eastern Brazil. The majority of the species are associated with the Atlantic Forest domain in Brazil.
The canebrake tree frogs are a frog genus Aplastodiscus. They are in the family Hylidae. Residing primarily in southeast regions of Brazil near the Atlantic coast. The exception is the Aplastodiscus perviridis which is found mostly in Brazil, but has also been documented being in Argentina, and might reside in Paraguay. The major revision of the Hylidae genus expanded it to include 12 more species originally from Hyla. Before the revision there were only 2 species. There are currently 16 described species with the most recent addition Aplastodiscus heterophonicus being described in 2021.
Ischnocnema is a genus of frogs from eastern Brazil and north-eastern Argentina. They comprise the former Eleutherodactylus from this region, but they are closer to Brachycephalus than the "true" Eleutherodactylus. Consequently, they are now placed in their own genus Ischnocnema in the family Brachycephalidae.
Physalaemus is a large genus of leptodactylid frogs. These frogs, sometimes known as dwarf frogs or foam frogs, are found in South America. It is very similar to Leptodactylus, a close relative, and indeed the recently described Leptodactylus lauramiriamae is in some aspects intermediate between them.
Adenomera is a genus of leptodactylid frogs, sometimes known as tropical bullfrogs, found in South America east of the Andes. The genus was until recently considered a synonym of Leptodactylus.
Pseudopaludicola is a genus of leptodactylid frogs from lowland northern and central South America. They are known under the common name dwarf swamp frogs or swamp frogs.
Boana is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. They are commonly known as gladiator frogs, gladiator treefrogs or Wagler Neotropical treefrogs. These frogs are distributed in the tropical Central and South America from Nicaragua to Argentina, as well as in the Caribbean.
Adenomera martinezi is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality, Cachimbo in southwestern Pará. Prior to its redelimitation by Carvalho and Giaretta in 2013, it was believed to be more widespread. Populations of this widespread taxon are now recognized as a distinct species, Adenomera saci.
Hylodes is a genus of frogs in the family Hylodidae. The genus may be paraphyletic with respect to Megaelosia. The genus Hylodes is endemic to southeastern Brazil. Member species are also known commonly as the tree toads, or more ambiguously, as torrent frogs. They are diurnal and usually inhabit shallow mountain streams.
Leptodactylus labyrinthicus is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. Its common names are labyrinth frog, pepper frog, South American pepper frog, and pepper foam frog. This frog is found in central and southeastern Brazil, northeast Argentina, and eastern Paraguay. Earlier reports from Bolivia refer to Leptodactylus vastus, or possibly an unnamed species.
Leptodactylus natalensis is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is endemic to Brazil where it is found on the eastern coast. Leptodactylus natalensis is a very common species. It lives in muddy places at secondary lowland forests, shrubby vegetation, and wet cow pastures near forest, but not in primary forest. Breed takes place in temporary ponds.
Leptodactylus latrans is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is native to much of South America east of the Andes, and Trinidad and Tobago. It has many common names, including rana criolla, sapo-rana llanero, butter frog, and lesser foam frog.
Leptodactylus podicipinus, sometimes known as the pointedbelly frog, is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is found in northern Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, Bolivia, and Brazil.
Phantasmarana bocainensis, also known as Bocaina big tooth frog is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality in the Serra da Bocaina National Park, São Paulo state.
Megaelosia goeldii, also known as the Rio big-tooth frog, is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is the only member of the genus Megaelosia. It is endemic to Southeast Brazil and occurs in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro states. It is named after Émil Goeldi, a Swiss zoologist who worked in Brazil.
Phantasmarana lutzae is a species of frog in the family Hylodidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality in the Itatiaia National Park, Rio de Janeiro state. It is named in honor of Bertha Lutz, a Brazilian zoologist and feminist.
Adenomera saci is a species of frog in the family Leptodactylidae. It is endemic to central-western and northern Brazil. Prior to its description by Carvalho and Giaretta in 2013, it was confused with Adenomera martinezi. The specific name saci is Portuguese word for a kind of whistling imp in Brazilian (Tupi) folklore, in allusion to the whistling call of this frog.
Phantasmarana is a genus of frogs in the family Hylodidae. The genus is endemic to the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil.
Ololygon is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae. The majority of species in it are endemic to the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil, although the range of some species, including Ololygon aromothyella and Ololygon berthae, is known to extend south to northeastern Argentina, southern Paraguay, and Uruguay.
