Leptolalax is a genus of frogs in the family Megophryidae. They are sometimes known as Asian toads, metacarpal-tubercled toads, or slender litter frogs, although many species-specific common names do not follow these conventions, and many species do not have common names. They are widely distributed in southeastern and eastern Asia, from southern China and northeastern India to the Malay Peninsula and Borneo. Leptolalax are typically small and have a cryptic colour pattern and no obvious morphological characters useful in systematic studies. Consequently, both molecular genetic analyses and analysis of advertisement calls by male frogs have been important in identifying new species.
Ansonia spinulifer, also known as spiny slender toad or Kina Balu stream toad, is a species of true toad in the family Bufonidae. It is found in Sarawak and Sabah, northern Borneo (Malaysia), and presumably also in Kalimantan on the Indonesian part of the island.
Leptobrachium montanum is a species of frog from the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Borneo and is, as currently defined, found in Kalimantan (Indonesia), Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), and Labi, Belait (Brunei). However, the nominal Leptobrachium montanum is a composed of more than one lineage. Available information mostly refers to this composite rather than the "true" Leptobrachium montanum. Common names montane large-eyed litter frog, mountain spadefoot toad, and mountain litter frog have been coined for it.
Leptobrachella arayai is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Sabah, Malaysia. In addition to its type locality, Mount Kinabalu, it is known from Mount Trusmadi, Crocker Range, and Mendolog. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Leptolalax bourreti is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is known with certainty only from the vicinity of its type locality in Sa Pa in northern Vietnam. Earlier records from Laos refer to Leptolalax eos and those from Thailand probably to an unnamed species. Its natural habitats are subtropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. Its status is insufficiently known.
Leptolalax dringi is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Borneo and found in Kalimantan (Indonesia) and in Sarawak and Sabah (Malaysia). Its type locality is Mount Mulu in Gunung Mulu National Park. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss.
Leptolalax gracilis is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to northern Borneo: Brunei, Kalimantan (Indonesia), and Sarawak (Malaysia). Earlier record from the Malay Peninsula and Thailand refer to other species. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss.
Leptolalax heteropus is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is found in the Malay Peninsula, both in Malaysia and southern Thailand. The type locality is Maxwell Hill in Taiping, Perak, Malaysia. Its natural habitats are tropical moist lowland forests, moist montane forests, and rivers. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN.
Leptobrachella kajangensis, also known as the Kajang slender litter frog, is a species of amphibian in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Malaysia and only known from its type locality, a small cave near the top of Gunung Kajang, on Tioman Island, a small island located 32 km off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia.
Leptolalax maurus is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Borneo where it is only known from its type locality, Mount Kinabalu in Sabah, Malaysia. Its natural habitats are tropical moist montane forests and rivers. It is becoming rare due to habitat loss.
Leptolalax nahangensis is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Tuyên Quang Province, northern Vietnam. Its natural habitats are subtropical moist lowland forests, rivers, and caves. Its status is insufficiently known. This species has only been found near the entrance to a cave in Na Hang Nature Reserve.
Leptolalax pelodytoides is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is known with reasonable certainty only from near its type locality, the Karen Hills region in the Kayah State, eastern Myanmar. As Leptolalax pelodytoides was one of the first megophryid species to be described from the region, later research has shown that many specimens that have been reported as L. pelodytoides represent other species, including Leptolalax bourreti, Leptolalax oshanensis, Leptolalax eos, and Leptolalax minimus. A consequence is that the most recent IUCN assessment reports much broader distribution for this species than what can be ascertained.
Leptolalax ventripunctatus is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is known from Mengla County in Yunnan, southern China, from Phongsaly Province in northern Laos, and from Tam Dao in northern Vietnam. Its natural habitats are subtropical moist lowland forests and rivers. Its status is insufficiently known.
Meristogenys amoropalamus is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to northern Borneo and occurs in northwestern Sabah and northeastern Sarawak (Malaysia) and in northeastern Kalimantan (Indonesia). Common names mountain Borneo frog and mountain torrent frog have been coined for it. Studies of its larvae revealed that the nominal species contained two cryptic forms, and in 2011, Shimada and colleagues described Meristogenys dyscritus as a separate species.
Meristogenys macrophthalmus is a species of frog in the family Ranidae. It is endemic to Sarawak in northern Borneo (Malaysia) and is only known from its type locality in the Bintulu District. The specific name macrophthalmus is derived from the Greek words macros (="large") and ophthalmos (="eye") and refers to the large eyes of this frog. Common names Matsui's Borneo frog, large-eyed torrent frog, and big-eyed torrent frog have been coined for it.
Leptolalax kecil is a species of megophryid frogs found in the Cameron Highlands of Peninsular Malaysia. It is only known from its type locality, but it is expected to have a wider distribution in the Cameron Highlands. This species may have been erroneously identified as Leptolalax gracilis.
Leptolalax fuliginosus is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Thailand where it is only known from its type locality, Pa Lao U in Prachuap Khiri Khan Province. Only four specimens were collected, all of them males, measuring 28–30 mm (1.1–1.2 in) in snout-vent length.
Leptolalax melanoleucus is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Thailand, although it has a relatively wide distribution near the Burmese border from the Khlong Saeng Wildlife Sanctuary in the central peninsular Thailand northwards to the vicinity of Pilok in Thong Pha Phum District, southwestern mainland Thailand; it is expected to be found in Burma. The type collection consists of three males measuring 27–29 mm (1.1–1.1 in) in snout-vent length and a single female at 33 mm (1.3 in) SVL. Males can be found calling at night near small streams.
Leptolalax solus is a frog species in the family Megophryidae. It is endemic to Thailand where it is only known from its type locality, Hala Bala Wildlife Sanctuary in Narathiwat Province near the Malaysian border; it is likely that its range extends to Malaysia. The type collection consists of a single adult frog, which measured 28 mm (1.1 in) in snout-vent length.
Leptobrachium masatakasatoi is a species of frog in the family Megophryidae. It is known from its type locality, Phu Pan in Houaphanh Province in northeastern Laos, and from Sơn La Province in northwestern Vietnam. The specific name masatakasatoi honors professor Masataka Sato, Japanese entomologist who collected the holotype. Common name Masatakasato’s eyebrow toad has been proposed for this frog.
