Lianmuqin Formation

Last updated
Lianmuqin Formation
Stratigraphic range: AptianAlbian [1]
Type Geological formation
Unit of Tugulu Group
Underlies Donggou & Kumutake Formations
Overlies Shengjinkou Formation
Thickness213–360 m (699–1,181 ft)
Lithology
Primary Mudstone, siltstone
Location
Coordinates 46°00′N85°48′E / 46.0°N 85.8°E / 46.0; 85.8
Approximate paleocoordinates 45°00′N81°54′E / 45.0°N 81.9°E / 45.0; 81.9
Region Xinjiang
CountryFlag of the People's Republic of China.svg  China
Extent Junggar Basin
Type section
Named for Lianmuqin
China Xinjiang Northern relief location map.svg
Green pog.svg
Lianmuqin Formation (Dzungaria)

The Lianmuqin Formation, [2] also transcribed as Lianmugin Formation, [3] and Lianmuxin Formation, [4] is an Early Cretaceous geologic formation composed of "interbedded red green and yellow variegated mudstones and siltstones". [5] [6] Dinosaur remains have been recovered from it. [7]

Contents

The formation is named after Lianmuqin Town in Shanshan County, Xinjiang.

Vertebrate paleofauna

Dinosaurs

Dinosaurs of the Lianmuqin Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionMaterialNotesImages
Asiatosaurus [8] A. mongoliensis [8] NW Junggar Basin
Kelmayisaurus [8] [9] K. petrolicus [8] NW Junggar Basin"Maxilla and dentary." [10]
Xinjiangovenator X. parvusNW Junggar Basin"Tibia [and] phalanges." [11] Formerly thought to be a representative of Phaedrolosaurus ilikensis. [8]
Phaedrolosaurus P. ilikensisNW Junggar Basin"tooth" [12]
Psittacosaurus [8] P. xinjiangensis [8] NW Junggar Basin
Tugulusaurus [8] T. faciles [8] NW Junggar Basin"Hindlimb, rib, [and a] vertebral centrum." [13]
Wuerhosaurus [8] W. homheni [8] NW Junggar Basin"Partial skeleton." [14]
Wuerhosaurus sketch2.jpg

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs of the Lianmuqin Formation
GenusSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionAbundanceNotesImages
Dsungaripteridae indet. [15] indeterminate [15] Southern Junggar BasinNot referable to Lonchognathosaurus or Dsungaripterus ; likely a new taxon. [15]
Dsungaripterus D. weii [16] NW Junggar Basin
Dsungaripterus and Noripterus Dsungaripterus weii.jpg
Dsungaripterus and Noripterus
Noripterus N. complicidens [17] NW Junggar Basin
Lonchognathosaurus L. acutirostris [17] Southern Junggar BasinPossible junior synonym of Dsungaripterus weii. [18]

Plesiosaurs

NameSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionAbundanceNotesImages
Sinopliosaurus S. weiyuanensisNW Junggar BasinThree vertebrae and a tooth. [19] [20] Dubious genus of plesiosaur.

Crurotarsans

NameSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionAbundanceNotesImages
Edentosuchus E. tienshanensis [21] NW Junggar Basin

Turtles

NameSpeciesLocationStratigraphic positionAbundanceNotesImages
Dracochelys D. bicuspisSouthern Junggar Basin [22]
Ordosemys O. brinkmaniaNW Junggar Basin [22]
Wuguia W. efremoviSouthern Junggar Basin [22]
Xinjiangchelys X. sp.NW Junggar Basin [22]
Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxonTaxon falsely reported as presentDubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Dsungaripterus</i> Genus of dsungaripterid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous

Dsungaripterus is a genus of dsungaripterid pterosaur which lived during the Early Cretaceous in what is now China and possibly South Korea. Its first fossil was found in the Tugulu Group of the Junggar Basin.

<i>Wuerhosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Wuerhosaurus is a genus of stegosaurid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Period of China and Mongolia. As such, it was one of the last genera of stegosaurians known to have existed.

<i>Xinjiangovenator</i> Genus of coelurosaurian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous period

Xinjiangovenator is a genus of coelurosaurian dinosaurs, possibly part of the group Maniraptora, which lived during the Early Cretaceous period, sometime between the Valanginian and Albian stages. The remains of Xinjiangovenator were found in the Lianmuqin Formation of Wuerho, Xinjiang, China, and were first described by Dong Zhiming in 1973. The genus is based on a single specimen, an articulated partial right lower leg, containing the tibia, three pieces of the fibula, the calcaneum and the astragalus. This specimen, IVPP V4024-2, is the holotype of the genus.

Phaedrolosaurus is a genus of dubious coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur, based on a single isolated and non-diagnostic tooth possibly from the Valanginian-Albian-aged Lianmuqin Formation of Wuerho, in the autonomous region of Xinjiang, China.

<i>Asiatosaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Asiatosaurus is an extinct genus of herbivorous sauropod dinosaur which lived during the Early Cretaceous in Mongolia and China. The type species is known only from teeth, making it difficult to rely on information until more specimens are found to expand our knowledge, and another species is known, also based on scant remains; both are now classified as nomina dubia.

Tugulusaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur that belongs to the Alvarezsauroidea. It is known from the Early Cretaceous Tugulu Group in the Urhe area of the People's Republic of China. It was one of the first members of Alvarezsauria ever discovered.

<i>Kelmayisaurus</i> Extinct genus of dinosaurs

Kelmayisaurus is an extinct genus of carcharodontosaurid theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous. It was roughly 10–12 meters long and its name refers to the petroleum-producing city of Karamay in the Xinjiang province of western China near where it was found.

<i>Noripterus</i> Genus of dsungaripterid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous

Noripterus is a genus of dsungaripterid pterodactyloid pterosaur from Lower Cretaceous-age Lianmuqin Formation in the Junggar Basin of Xinjiang, China. It was first named by Yang Zhongjian in 1973. Additional fossil remains have been recovered from Tsagaantsav Svita, Mongolia.

Lonchognathosaurus is a genus of dsungaripterid pterodactyloid pterosaur from the Aptian-Albian-age Lower Cretaceous Lianmuqin Formation of Xinjiang, China.

The Subashi Formation is a Late Cretaceous formation from the Xinjiang Autonomous Region of western China. Initially described by Dong Zhiming in 1977, the formation contains remains of Tarbosaurus which were initially described as a separate taxon Shanshanosaurus huoyanshanensis. Remains of a sauropod, likely Nemegtosaurus, and a hadrosaurid, likely Jaxartosaurus, have also been found.

The Jiufotang Formation is an Early Cretaceous geological formation in Chaoyang, Liaoning which has yielded fossils of feathered dinosaurs, primitive birds, pterosaurs, and other organisms. It is a member of the Jehol group. The exact age of the Jiufotang has been debated for years, with estimates ranging from the Late Jurassic to the Early Cretaceous. New uranium-lead dates reveal the formation is deposited in the Aptian stage of the Early Cretaceous. Fossils of Microraptor and Jeholornis are from the Jiufotang.

The Tuchengzi Formation is a geological formation in China whose strata span the Tithonian to Berriasian ages. Dinosaur fossils, particularly footprints, have been found from the formation.

The Shishugou Formation is a geological formation in Xinjiang, China.

The Kalaza Formation is a geological formation in Xinjiang, China whose strata date back to the Late Jurassic. There is some confusion with the stratigraphy of this unit, as the term is used for sediments of equivalent age in both the Junggar Basin and the Turpan Basin. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from formation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Tugulu Group</span>

The Tugulu Group is a geological Group in Xinjiang, China whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous. Dinosaur skeletal remains and footprints are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.

Sinopliosaurus is a dubious genus of pliosauroid plesiosaur. It lived during the Aptian and Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous of the People's Republic of China - its exact age is unknown. The type species, Sinopliosaurus weiyuanensis, was named and described in 1944 by Yang Zhongjian. One species, "S." fusuiensis, was later shown to be based on teeth from a spinosaurid theropod dinosaur which is now known as Siamosaurus. S. weiyuanensis was considered as a freshwater plesiosaur.

Edentosuchus is a genus of protosuchian crocodyliform. It is known from fossils found in rocks of the Early Cretaceous-age Tugulu Group from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, China. Two partial skulls and several neck vertebrae are known to date. An articulated partial postcranial skeleton may also belong to this genus, but there is no overlapping material between it and known Edentosuchus specimens.

The Luohandong Formation is an Early Cretaceous geologic formation of the Ordos Basin in Inner Mongolia, China. The formation was initially dated to the earliest Cretaceous; Valanginian to Barremian, but later dating established an Aptian to Albian age. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation. Pterosaur fossils have also been recovered from the formation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dsungaripteridae</span> Family of ornithocheiroid pterosaurs

Dsungaripteridae is a group of pterosaurs within the suborder Pterodactyloidea. They were robust pterosaurs with good terrestrial abilities and flight honed for inland settings, and were commonly interpreted as durophagous and possibly piscivorous pterosaurs. Fossils have been discovered from Early Cretaceous deposits in Asia, South America and possibly Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Shengjinkou Formation</span> Geologic formation in Xinjiang, China

The Shengjinkou Formation is an Early Cretaceous (Aptian)-aged Konservat-Lagerstätte composed of "interbedded red green and yellow variegated mudstones and siltstones" that is part of the larger Tugulu Group of China. Dinosaur and pterosaur remains have been recovered from the formation.

References

  1. Alexander O. Averianov; Stepan V. Ivantsov; Sergey V. Leshchinskiy; Pavel P.Skutschas (12 April 2022). "First pterosaur bone from the Lower Cretaceous of Siberia, Russia". Cretaceous Research. 135: 105230. Bibcode:2022CrRes.13705230A. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2022.105230. S2CID   248136173 . Retrieved 13 April 2022.
  2. "Re: Kelmayisaurus a carcharodontosaurid". dml.cmnh.org. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  3. Lianmugin Formation at Fossilworks.org
  4. I. G. Danilov, J. F. Parham (2007). "The type series of "Sinemys" wuerhoensis, a problematic turtle from the Lower Cretaceous of China, includes at least three taxa". Palaeontology. 50 (2): 431. Bibcode:2007Palgy..50..431D. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00632.x.
  5. Lucas, Spencer G, Chinese Fossil vertebrates, Pp. 158-159, New York, Columbia University Press, ISBN   0-231-08483-8.
  6. Lucas, S.G. (2001). Chinese Fossil Vertebrates. Columbia University Press. p. 158. ISBN   9780231084833 . Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  7. Weishampel et al., 2004, pp.517-607
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "48.5 Xinjiang Uygur Zizhiqu, People's Republic of China; 1. Tugulu Group," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 567.
  9. "A reassessment of Kelmayisaurus petrolicus, a large theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of China" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica (Preprint). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-22. Retrieved 2011-04-28.
  10. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 73.
  11. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.
  12. Z.-M. Dong. (1973). [Dinosaurs from Wuerho]. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academic Sinica 11:45-52. [Chinese]
  13. "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 77.
  14. "Table 16.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 345.
  15. 1 2 3 Augustin FJ, Matzke AT, Maisch MW, Csiki-Sava Z (2021). "Pterosaur remains from the Lower Cretaceous Lianmuxin Formation (upper Tugulu Group) of the southern Junggar Basin (NW China)". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. 34 (2): 312–321. doi:10.1080/08912963.2021.1910819. S2CID   233597623.
  16. "Re: The timing of stegosaur extinction". dml.cmnh.org. Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  17. 1 2 Barrett, P.M., Butler, R.J., Edwards, N.P., & Milner, A.R. Pterosaur distribution in time and space: an atlas. p61-107. in Flugsaurier: Pterosaur papers in honour of Peter Wellnhofer. 2008. Hone, D.W.E., and Buffetaut, E. (eds). Zitteliana B, 28. 264pp.
  18. Andres, B.; Clark, J. M.; Xing, X. (2010). "A new rhamphorhynchid pterosaur from the Upper Jurassic of Xinjiang, China, and the phylogenetic relationships of basal pterosaurs" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 30 (1): 163–187. Bibcode:2010JVPal..30..163A. doi:10.1080/02724630903409220. S2CID   53688256.
  19. C.-C. Young. (1944). On the reptilian remains from Weiyuan, Szechuan, China. Bulletin of the Geological Society of China 24(3–4):187-205
  20. Z. Dong. (1973). [Cretaceous stratigraphy of Wuerho district, Dsungar Basin]. Reports of Paleontological Expedition to Sinkiang (II): Pterosaurian Fauna from Wuerho, Sinkiang. Memoirs of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica 11:1-7
  21. Jinling Li (July 1985). "A revision of Edentosuchus tienshanensis Young from the Tugulu Group of Xinjiang Autonomous Region" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 23 (3): 196–206. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
  22. 1 2 3 4 Zheng, Daran; Chang, Su-Chin; Ramezani, Jahandar; Xu, Xing; Xu, Honghe; Wang, He; Pei, Rui; Fang, Yanan; Wang, Jun; Wang, Bo; Zhang, Haichun (2023-05-10). "Calibrating the Early Cretaceous Urho Pterosaur Fauna in Junggar Basin and implications for the evolution of the Jehol Biota". Geological Society of America Bulletin. doi:10.1130/b36795.1. ISSN   0016-7606.

Bibliography