Limited Edition (Magic: The Gathering)

Last updated

Limited Edition Alpha
ReleasedAugust 5, 1993
Size295 cards [1]
(74 common
95 uncommon
116 rare
10 basic land)
Print run2,600,000 [1]
KeywordsBanding, First Strike, Flying, Landwalk, Trample, Protection
Expansion codeLEA (LA)
Limited Edition Beta
ReleasedOctober 1993
Size302 cards (75 common, 95 uncommon, 117 rare, 15 basic land)
Print run7,300,000 [1] or 7,800,000 [2]
KeywordsBanding, First Strike, Flying, Landwalk, Trample, Protection
Expansion codeLEB (LB)
← Alpha Unlimited →

Magic: The Gathering Limited Edition is the first Magic: The Gathering card set. It premiered in a limited release at Origins Game Fair in 1993, with a general release that August. The initial print run of 2.6 million cards sold out quickly, and a new printing run was released in October 1993. These two runs are known as Limited Edition Alpha and Limited Edition Beta, or just Alpha and Beta for short. Although Alpha and Beta are referred to as different sets by some, officially they are the same set; Wizards of the Coast had expected that people wouldn't necessarily be able to tell the two press runs apart. Beta fixed a number of misprints and errors on cards. The printer accidentally used different corner rounding dies for the second run, resulting in Alpha cards being noticeably distinct in shape and appearance from Beta cards and all subsequent cards. [3] [4] [5] The Beta printing also included a revised rulebook with a number of clarifications, although creator Richard Garfield's short fiction "Worzel's Tale" was removed to make room. The print run of Beta is given as 7.3 million [1] or 7.8 million [2] [6] depending on the source. Despite the set's print run being about three times as big as Alpha's, Beta sold out as quickly as its predecessor.

Contents

Limited Edition cards have no expansion symbol, no copyright date, and no trademark symbols; the text on the bottom left consists only of an artist credit. [3] [4]

Set history

Card fronts of early Magic cards: Alpha on left, Beta on right. Alpha and Beta Magic cards.jpg
Card fronts of early Magic cards: Alpha on left, Beta on right.

Originally, the designers and playtesters of the new card game intended the name would simply be "Magic". However, the lawyers at Wizards of the Coast advised that the name was too generic to be trademarked, and was thus changed to "Magic: The Gathering". The original intent was that each Magic expansion would have a different subtitle; while the first Magic set would be "The Gathering", future sets could be labeled as "Magic: Arabian Nights" or "Magic: Ice Age". When it was decided that the backs of Magic should be identical regardless of the expansion, the name "Magic: The Gathering" would appear prominently on the back of every Magic card. "Magic: The Gathering" thus became the name of the entire game instead of "The Gathering" only being the subtitle referring to the first release.

As the names Alpha and Beta only distinguish different print runs of the same set, Alpha and Beta contain largely the same cards. However, in the Alpha print run the cards Circle of Protection: Black and Volcanic Island were omitted as the art was not completed in time for the Alpha print run. As well as including these two extra cards, the Beta print run included a new illustration for each of the five basic lands, taking the total card count from 295 to 302. According to Mark Rosewater, this was done so that the product could be advertised as having "over 300 cards". [7] Several mistakes on Alpha cards were corrected in Beta. Alpha cards are easily distinguishable from Beta cards as unlike all succeeding sets, cards from Alpha have steeply rounded corners. This was reportedly caused by sharpening of the dies used to cut the Beta cards, which resulted in the less rounded corners. [8] The Wizards of the Coast tournament rules require that a deck including Alpha cards have opaque card sleeves to prevent a player from being able to identify the difference between an Alpha and a non-Alpha card in their library, as the corners are different from all the printings that followed. [9]

Alpha, Beta, and Unlimited are known for having extremely powerful cards at the higher rarities. This was an intentional choice during development; the thought was that "players (...) wouldn't be able to acquire many of the power rares, because supply would keep them actually rare". [10] Players spending hundreds of dollars to acquire multiple copies of each of the powerful rares was not anticipated at the time, as the developers assumed players would stop at around 30-50 dollars.

The Alpha rulebook contains a fantasy tale called "Worzel's Story" by Richard Garfield which was removed for the Beta release. Alpha deck boxes also lack a UPC on the bottom.

Mechanics

Being the first Magic set, Limited Edition has all of the original mechanics intrinsic to Magic, such as "tapping" cards to use their abilities. Many of the original base keywords are "evergreen" and still used commonly in Magic design as of 2019, such as Flying, First Strike, and Trample. A few keywords have since been phased out of the game. The Banding ability was discontinued in the set Tempest , released in 1997. According to the Wizards of the Coast designers, the Banding mechanic confused players and required too much text to explain. [11] When old mechanics were revisited in the Time Spiral block, banding was left out for this same reason. Much later, regeneration and "landwalk" (e.g. Forestwalk, Swampwalk) were discontinued. Landwalk was removed in 2015 with the release of Magic Origins , [12] and no more Regeneration cards have been created starting with the Shadows over Innistrad block in 2016. [13]

Many Limited Edition cards had abilities that have since become keyword abilities. The ability "may only be blocked by black or artifact creatures" was recast as the keyword Fear in 8th Edition which was replaced by Intimidate with the release of Zendikar . A rule in Limited Edition that prevented Walls from attacking was removed in 9th Edition and all walls were given the new keyword "Defender", which prevents them from attacking. Serra Angel's ability "doesn't tap to attack" was recast as the keyword Vigilance in Champions of Kamigawa . "May attack the turn it comes into play" has changed twice; it was first changed to "unaffected by summoning sickness" in Mirage and then replaced with the keyword Haste in Urza's Destiny .

The rules of Limited Edition included a provision for ante. Games would be started by each player removing a card at random from their deck. The winner of the game took both cards. There were also cards that interacted with the ante, such as Contract From Below. This aspect of the game continued until the Homelands set in 1995, but was dropped as the cards became collectible and valuable and the company did not want to be associated with gambling. [14]

Limited Edition included a number of unique cards exploring mechanics rarely seen in later sets. Chaos Orb is a card involving dexterity, in which the card is flipped onto the play area to determine cards destroyed by the Orb. Both manual dexterity cards such as Chaos Orb and ante cards are banned in all sanctioned Magic formats as of 2013. [15]

Notable cards

Errors in Alpha

Alpha contained numerous misprints and did not adhere to close standardized wordings for similar effects seen in later sets and printings. The following cards had printing errors, most of which were fixed in the Beta release.

Several Alpha cards have other minor mistakes, most of them relating to the font. [26]

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Alpha, Beta, Unlimited Editions". Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on September 4, 2008. Retrieved August 10, 2009.
  2. 1 2 "Limited Edition". Crystal Keep. Archived from the original on April 6, 2007. Retrieved November 1, 2012.
  3. 1 2 Miller, John Jackson (2001), Scrye Collectible Card Game Checklist & Price Guide, p. 520.
  4. 1 2 Moursund, Beth (2002), The Complete Encyclopedia of Magic The Gathering, p. 720.
  5. ↑ Searle, Michael (March 1997), InQuest, The Ultimate Guide to Card Games, p. 136.
  6. ↑ Burke, Scott M., "Magic: The Gathering", Scrye - The Game Card Collector's Guide, no. 2, p. 68.
  7. ↑ Limited Edition Part I, Podcast by Mark Rosewater. Note that this is a 6-part podcast on LE; see for the others.
  8. ↑ Magic: The Gathering - Official Encyclopedia, Volume 1
  9. ↑ Official Tournament Rules
  10. ↑ Rosewater, Mark (August 18, 2008). "To Thine Own Elf Be True". Making Magic. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on August 27, 2008. Retrieved December 19, 2010.
  11. ↑ Rosewater, Mark (December 1, 2003). "The Baby and the Bathwater". Making Magic. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on January 17, 2016. Retrieved December 22, 2014.
  12. ↑ "Evergreen Eggs & Ham".
  13. ↑ Blogatog
  14. ↑ "The Original Magic Rulebook". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. December 25, 2004. Archived from the original on September 7, 2010. Retrieved September 18, 2010.
  15. ↑ The Winding Path. LaPille, Tom.
  16. ↑ Newmark, Leigh; InQuest Gamer (December 15, 2006). "History of the World". InQuest Gamer. WizardUniverse.com. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  17. 1 2 "The Power Nine". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. October 15, 2003. Archived from the original on November 27, 2003. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  18. 1 2 DCI (June 1, 2007). "Legacy Format Deck Construction". Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on June 26, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  19. ↑ Magic: The Gathering’s Black Lotus sells for $166K at auction, doubling its value
  20. ↑ Iain Telfer (October 23, 2002). "Playing Fetchlands Properly".
  21. 1 2 Rosewater, Mark (July 8, 2002). "Zen and the Art of Cycle Maintenance". Making Magic. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on July 13, 2002. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  22. ↑ Bleiweiss, Ben (February 27, 2002). "Tap One Mountain". Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on October 1, 2002. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  23. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Waterman, Paul (February 1995). "Oops: the definitive guide to Magic misprints". Scrye . No. 4. pp. 85–86.
  24. ↑ "Alpha "Oops..." V". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. July 12, 2002. Archived from the original on October 27, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  25. ↑ "Alpha "Oops..." IV". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. May 15, 2002. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  26. 1 2 3 DeVincentis, Joseph (January 15, 1996). "/dev/joe's list of Magic:the Gathering errors, version 1.0". Magic Judge List Archives. Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved September 17, 2010.
  27. ↑ Compare Death Ward with Death Ward
  28. ↑ "Alpha "Oops..." VII". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. October 4, 2002. Archived from the original on October 27, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  29. 1 2 "Alpha "Oops..."". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. February 1, 2002. Archived from the original on October 27, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  30. 1 2 "Alpha "Oops..." II". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. February 25, 2002. Archived from the original on September 6, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  31. ↑ "Alpha "Oops..." VI". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. October 12, 2002. Archived from the original on September 10, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  32. ↑ Compare Sedge Troll with Sedge Troll
  33. ↑ "Alpha "Oops..." III". Magic Arcana. Wizards of the Coast. April 10, 2002. Archived from the original on September 6, 2007. Retrieved July 20, 2007.
  34. ↑ The mistake can be seen on Animate Artifact, Serra Angel
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