Linophryne lucifer

Last updated

Linophryne lucifer
Linophryne-lucifer 2.jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Lophiiformes
Family: Linophrynidae
Genus: Linophryne
Species:
L. lucifer
Binomial name
Linophryne lucifer
Collett, 1886
Synonyms [2]

Linophryne lucifer is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a group of deep water anglerfishes. This species is found in the North Atlantic Ocean. It is the type species of the genus Linophryne .

Contents

Taxonomy

Linophryne lucefer was first formally described in 1886 by the Norwegian zoologist Robert Collett with its type locality given as off Madeira at approximately 36°N, 20°W, the holotype being found floating on the surface. [3] WHen Collett described this speies he proposed a mew monospecific genus, Linophryne, for it, meaning that L. lucifer is the type species of that genus by monotypy. [4] As this species is the type species of its genus is placed in the nominate subgenus of Linophryne. [5] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies this genus within the family Linophrynidae, which it places within the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep sea anglerfishes, within the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. [6]

L lucifera.JPG

Etymology

Linophryne lucifer is the type species of the genus Linophryne, an name which prefixes linos, which means "net", an allusion Collett did not explain when he proposed the genus, with phryne, meaning "toad". The prefix may be a reference to the sac like mouth hanging off the trunk, which in the holotype contained a lanternfish, like a fisherman's keep net. The second part phryne is commonly used in the names of anglerfish genera. Its use may date as far back as Aristotle and Cicero, who referred to anglerfishes as "fishing-frogs" and "sea-frogs," respectively, possibly because of their resemblance to frogs and toads. The specific name, lucifer, means "light bearer", an allusion to the hyoid barbel, Collett correctly suspected that the barbel is phosphorescent in life, although it is more properly called bioluminescent. [5]

Description

Linophryne lucifer, like other deep sea anglerfishes is sexually dimorphic. The metamorphosed females are distinguished from those of related species having an illicium which has a length equivalent to between 10% and 30% of the standard length. This is tipped with an esca which has a short conical projection at its tip which has between 2 and 8 thicj filaments on it. There is anither samll appendage to the rear of the escal pore. The hyoid barbel has a length that is equivalent to between 40% and 75% of the standard length and has two blade shape appendages towards its tip, these have a length of between 6% and 17% of the standard length. The barbel appendages have a few photophores at their tips. The males are sexual parasites and have well-developed sphenotic spines. [2] [7] The maximum published standard length for a female of this species is 27.5 cm (10.8 in), while for a male it is 2.9 cm (1.1 in). [2]

Distribution and habitat

Linophryne lucifer is foun in the North Atlantic Ocean which has been collected from the costs of Madeira, Newfoundland and Icealnd]]. [1] It is a bathypelagic species that has been recorded at depths between 0 and 1,000 m (0 and 3,281 ft), typically between 300 and 600 m (980 and 1,970 ft). [2]

Biology

Linophryne lucifer shows extreme sexual dimorphism, the smaller males are obligatory sexual parasites and have to connect to a female within a short time of metamorphosing into an adult. The female has a short body and a large head with a wide mouth which is armed with long, slender asymmetrically arranged front teeth. The illicium and bioluminescent esca are used to lure prey to lure prey. In both sexes the gonads do not mature until the male merges with the female as a sexual parasite, although a single female may have more than one parasitic male. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leftvent</span> Family of fishes

Leftvents are a family, the Linophrynidae, of marine ray-finned fishes which is classified within the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep sea anglerfishes. These fishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ceratiidae</span> Family of fishes

Ceratiidae, the warty sea devils, caruncled seadevils or seadevils, are a family of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the suborder Ceratioidei, the deep-sea anglerfishes, in the anglerfish order Lophiiformes. The warty sea devils are sexually dimorphic with the small males being obligate sexual parasites of the much larger females. The fishes in this family are widely distributed from polar to tropical seas around the world.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fanfin</span> Family of fishes

Fanfins or hairy anglerfish are a family, Caulophrynidae, of marine ray-finned fishes within the order Lophiiformes, the anglerfishes. The fishes in this family are found almost around the world in the deeper, aphotic waters of the oceans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Krøyer's deep sea angler fish</span> Species of fish

Krøyer's deep sea angler fish, also known as the deep-sea angler, longray seadevil or northern seadevil, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Ceratiidae, the warty seadevils. It is found throughout the oceans of the world, from tropical to polar seas. It is the largest species in its family.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Triplewart seadevil</span> Species of fish

The triplewart seadevil is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Ceratiidae, the warty sea devils, and the order Lophiiformes. This species is the only member of its genus. Noted for its extreme sexual dimorphism, the triplewart seadevil's length ranges from 20 to 30 cm for females and 1 to 3 cm for males.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Horned lantern fish</span> Species of fish

The horned lantern fish or prickly seadevil is a species of marine ray-finned fish, it is the only species in the monotypic family Centrophrynidae. This species has a circumglobal distribution and is distinguished from other deep-sea anglerfishes by various characters including four pectoral radials, an anterior spine on the subopercular bone, and a short hyoid (chin) barbel in both sexes.

<i>Bufoceratias wedli</i> Species of fish

Bufoceratias wedli is a species of deep sea marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Diceratiidae, the double anglers. This anglerfish is found in deep water over the continental shelf in the tropical and subtropical areas of the Eastern and Western Atlantic Oceans. It is the type species of the genus Bufoceratias and like other members of that genus is known only from adult females, the unknown males are thought to be free living rather than sexual parasites of the females like those of some other deep sea anglerfishes.

<i>Caulophryne polynema</i> Species of fish

Caulophryne polynema is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Caulophrynidae, the fanfins. This species is a deepwater species which is found in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Like other deepwater anglerfishes it shows extreme sexual dimorphism with the males being much smaller than the females and acting as sexual parasites of the females.

<i>Caulophryne</i> Genus of fishes

Caulophryne is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Caulophrynidae, the fanfins or hairy anglerfishes. These fishes are found throughout the non-polar oceans of the world.

<i>Acentrophryne</i> Genus of fishes

Acentrophryne is a genus of deep-sea anglerfish in the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, known from the eastern Pacific Ocean. Fossils of the type species, A. longidens, have been found in Late Miocene strata of Rosedale, California.

<i>Borophryne</i> Species of fish

Borophryne apogon, the netdevil, or greedy seadevil, is a species of leftvent anglerfish known today from the waters of the eastern Pacific Ocean off the Central American coast. It is found at depths down to around 1,750 m (5,700 ft). This species grows to a length of 8.3 centimetres (3.3 in) TL. A fossil specimen of this species has been found in the Los Angeles Basin dating back to the Late Miocene, some eight million years ago.

<i>Linophryne</i> Genus of fishes

Linophryne, the bearded seadevils, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents. These deep sea anglerfishes are found in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Oceans.

<i>Linophryne algibarbata</i> Species of fish

Linophryne algibarbata is a species of marine ray-finned fish beloning to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents. This fish occurs im the North Atlantic Ocean.

Linophryne andersoni is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a group of deep water anglerfishes. This species is found in deep water northeast of the Line Islands.

<i>Caulophryne pelagica</i> Species of fish

Caulophryne pelagica is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Caulophrynidae, the fanfins. This species is a deepwater species which is found in the eastern Atlantic, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Southern Ocean. Its biology is little known but similar species show extreme sexual dimorphism with the very small makes seeking out and attaching themselves to the much larger females and becoming parasites of the females.

<i>Caulophryne jordani</i> Species of fish

Caulophryne jordani, the fanfin angler, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Caulophrynidae, the fanfins. This species is a deepwater species which is found in Oceanic waters around the world. Like other deepwater anglerfishes it shows extreme sexual dimorphism with the males being much smaller than the females and acting as sexual parasites of the females.

Linophryne macrodon is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a group of deep water anglerfishes., that live in waters 300 to 1000 m deep in theeastern pacific and western Atlantic Oceans.

<i>Chaenophryne longiceps</i> Species of fish

Chaenophryne longiceps, the can-opener smoothdream, longhead dreamer or smooth-head dreamer, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This predatory, deep-sea fish is found in tropical and subtropical oceans around the world. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes, it is sexually dimorphic with the metamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males, though the males are not sexual parasites.

<i>Acentrophryne dolichonema</i> Species of angler fish

Acentrophryne dolichonema is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Linophrynidae, the leftvents, a family of deep sea anglerfishes. This species is only known from the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Peru.

Chaenophryne melanorhabdus is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Oneirodidae, the dreamers, a family of deep-sea anglerfishes. This predatory, deep-sea fish is found in the Pacific Ocean. Like other deep-sea anglerfishes, dreamers are sexually dimorphic, with the matamorphosed females dwarfing the metamorphosed males. The males are not sexual parasites.

References

  1. 1 2 3 Richman, N. & Collen, B. (2017) [errata version of 2010 assessment]. "Linophryne lucifer". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2010: e.T154668A115219782. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T154668A4601478.en . Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Liniphryne lucifer". FishBase . June 2024 version.
  3. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Linophryne". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  4. ↑ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Linophrynidae". Catalog of Fishes . California Academy of Sciences . Retrieved 24 August 2024.
  5. 1 2 Christopher Scharpf (24 August 2024). "Order LOPHIIFORMES (part 2): Families CAULOPHRYNIDAE, NEOCERATIIDAE, MELANOCETIDAE, HIMANTOLOPHIDAE, DICERATIIDAE, ONEIRODIDAE, THAUMATICHTHYIDAE, CENTROPHRYNIDAE, CERATIIDAE, GIGANTACTINIDAE and LINOPHRYNIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf. Retrieved 21 June 2024.
  6. ↑ Nelson, J.S.; Grande, T.C.; Wilson, M.V.H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 508–518. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN   978-1-118-34233-6. LCCN   2015037522. OCLC   951899884. OL   25909650M.
  7. ↑ J-C Hureau. "Linophryne lucifera". Fishes of the Northeastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Naturalis Biodiversity Center . Retrieved 24 August 2024.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.