List of Calgary municipal elections

This article provides a list of Mayors and Councillors elected to Calgary City Council, the governing body for the city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Length of term

The first municipal election in Calgary took place in 1884 where Mayor George Murdoch and four councillors were elected to serve as Calgary's first council. Mayor and Councillors were elected for one year terms annually from 1884 until 1912, after which Councillors were elected to serve staggered two year terms. In 1923, the length of term for a Mayor was extended to two years to match the period for councillors. In 1971 the term for Mayor and Councillors was extended from two years, to three years and provisions related to staggered election of Councillors were removed. ^[1] In 2013, amendments to the Local Authorities Election Act extended the term for the Mayor and Councillors to four years.

Electoral wards

The Mayor of Calgary has always been elected at-large by the electors of the city.

Calgary became a town in 1884. In the early history of Calgary from 1884 to 1888, three Councillors were elected at-large by all electors, then from 1888 to 1893, six Councillors were elected.

Following the passage of the Calgary Charter (Ordinance 33 of 1893), which provided "City" status to Calgary, the Councillors were elected to represent wards of the City. ^[2]

From 1894 to 1904, the City was divided into three wards, each represented by three Councillors, for a total of nine Councillors.

Council expanded in 1905 with the introduction of a fourth ward, which also received three Councillors, for a total of 12 Councillors. with the structure remaining in place until 1912.

The ward system was eliminated in 1913, and a City Council consisting of twelve Councillors were elected at-large from 1914 to 1960, half of them up for election each time (with exceptions). ^[3]

In 1961, the City was divided into six wards with two Councillors elected for each ward. In 1977 the City was divided into fourteen wards with one Councillor elected to represent each ward, which has remained the structure of Calgary City Council to the present date.

Other elected officials

During the 1910s, and 1920s the residents elected City Commissioners, which were in charge of the Administration of the municipality. School board elections are also held in line with city council elections. Hospital boards were also elected in various city elections in Calgary.

Methods of voting

From 1906 to 1914, the 12 councillors were elected in four wards, three to each ward. Aldermanic elections were held yearly, using block voting (each voter had as many votes as there were seats to fill.

In 1914, Calgary moved to at-large elections with the city as one large district. Block voting was used, with each voter allowed to cast as many votes as the number of open seats.

In 1917 Calgary brought in a system of Proportional Representation, under which city councillors were elected at-large using Single Transferable Voting (STV) and one multiple-member district covering the whole city. (The mayor was elected through Instant-runoff voting.) This survived until 1961. This system is said to have produced the emergence and increased representation of neighbourhood or community-based political groups. ^[4]

In 1961, Calgary switched to a ward system in which multiple city councillors were elected in each ward using STV, in 1961 and 1971.

For other elections held from 1962 to 1970,councillors sat in staggered terms, with usually only one in each ward up for election each time. The elections in between were held according to Alternative Voting in which one councillor was elected in each ward. ^[5]

After 1961, in the subsequent elections, staggered terms meant only one councillor was elected each election in each ward each year. That plus the retention of single transferable voting meant Alternative Voting, instead of Single Transferable Vote (STV). (Two times there were two vacancies in a ward due to resignation or other cause and multi-winner STV was used)

Previous to 1971 election, terms of aldermanic service were extended to three years, and all ward seats were elected simultaneously in 1971, through Single Transferable Vote. This was Calgary's last election held using Single Transferable Vote, and would be the last one in Canada up to the present.

Title of elected officials

From 1884 to 2010 the title for elected officials on Calgary City Council excluding the Mayor, was Alderman, although Councillor was used interchangeably during that period. On December 14, 2010, council voted to change the title to councillor, which took effect in the October 2013 election. ^[6]

List of Calgary Municipal Elections 1884-Present

	Election	Date	Term	Elected Mayor	Aldermen/ Councillors		Ballots	Notes
Calgary uses at-large voting, with councillors elected through Plurality block voting
1	1884	December 3	December 4, 1884 January 18, 1886 (1 year, 45 days)	George Murdoch	Simon John Clarke Simon Jackson Hogg	Joseph Henry Millward Neville James Lindsay	218	[lower-alpha 1]
2	(Jan) 1886	January 4	January 18, 1886 October 21, 1886 (276 days)	George Murdoch	Joseph Henry Millward Isaac Sanford Freeze	James Bannerman Neville James Lindsay	208	[lower-alpha 2]
3	(Nov) 1886	November 3	November 4, 1886 January 16, 1888 (1 year, 73 days)	George Clift King	Arthur Edwin Shelton John Ellis	Alexander Allan James Morris Martin	367
4	1888	January 3	January 16, 1888 January 21, 1889 (1 year, 5 days)	Arthur Edwin Shelton	Wesley Fletcher Orr Henry Collins James Campbell Linton	Alexander Allan Howard Douglas John Gillies McCallum
5	1889	January 7	January 21, 1889 January 20, 1890 (364 days)	Daniel Webster Marsh	Wesley Fletcher Orr James Gerald Fitzgerald George Clift King	James Bannerman Archibald Grant George Murdoch	-	All Acclaimed
6	1890	January 6	January 20, 1890 January 19, 1891 (364 days)	James Delamere Lafferty	Wesley Fletcher Orr Howard Douglas Alexander McBride	William Henry Cushing Joseph Maw Wesley Fletcher Orr	240
7	1891	January 5	January 19, 1891 January 18, 1892 (364 days)	James Reilly	Frederick George Topp William Henry Cushing George Clift King	James Bannerman Howard Douglas Alexander Lucas	381
8	1892	January 4	January 18, 1892 January 16, 1893 (364 days)	Alexander Lucas	James Reilly Isaac Sanford Freeze Alexander McBride	William Henry Cushing George Clift King Wesley Fletcher Orr
9	1893	January 2	January 16, 1893 January 2, 1894 (351 days)	Alexander Lucas	Wendell Maclean Robert John Hutchings Joseph Henry Millward	John Simcoe Feehan Wendell Maclean Wesley Fletcher Orr	332
Calgary introduces a Ward system for Aldermen.
10	(Jan) 1894	January 15	January 17, 1894 January 7, 1895 (355 days)	Wesley Fletcher Orr	Ward 1: Alexander Lucas Ward 1: Arthur Leslie Cameron Ward 1: Joseph Mckay Bannerman Ward 2: Joseph Edward Jacques Ward 2: Robert John Hutchings	Ward 2: John August Nolan Ward 3: John Simcoe Feehan Ward 3: Alexander McBride Ward 3: Thomas Underwood	464	[lower-alpha 3] [lower-alpha 4] [lower-alpha 5] [lower-alpha 6]
11	(Dec) 1894	December 10	January 7, 1895 January 6, 1896 (364 days)	Wesley Fletcher Orr	Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 1: William Mahon Parslow Ward 1: Peter McCarthy Ward 2: James Stuart Mackie Ward 2: George Murdoch	Ward 2: John Creighton Ward 3: Walter Jarrett Ward 3: Thomas Underwood Ward 3: William Henry Cushing
12	1895	December 9	January 6, 1896 January 4, 1897 (364 days)	Alexander McBride	Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 1: James Alexander McKenzie Ward 1: William Mahon Parslow Ward 2: John Creighton Ward 2: James Stuart Mackie	Ward 2: Henry Brown Ward 3: William Henry Cushing Ward 3: Adam Robson McTavish Ward 3: Walter Jarrett
13	1896	December 14	January 4, 1897 January 3, 1898 (364 days)	Wesley Fletcher Orr	Ward 1: William Pitman Jr. Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 1: William Mahon Parslow Ward 2: Arthur Leslie Cameron Ward 2: Neville James Lindsay	Ward 2: Henry Brown Ward 3: Walter Jarrett Ward 3: Adam Robson McTavish Ward 3: Thomas Underwood		All Acclaimed [lower-alpha 7]
14	1897	December 13	January 3, 1898 January 3, 1899 (1 year, 0 days)	Arthur Leslie Cameron	Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 1: Alexander McBride Ward 1: William Hugh Kinnisten Ward 2: James Stuart Mackie Ward 2: Thomas O'Brien	Ward 2: Robert John Hutchings Ward 3: Adam Robson McTavish Ward 3: Thomas Underwood Ward 3: Walter Jarrett	-
15	1898	December 12	January 3, 1899 January 2, 1900 (364 days)	James Reilly	Ward 1: Robert Wilson Begley Ward 1: James Alexander McKenzie Ward 1: Solomon Sheldwyn Spafford Ward 2: Robert John Hutchings Ward 2: James Stuart Mackie	Ward 2: Thomas O'Brien Ward 3: George Albert Allen Ward 3: Isaac Stephen Gerow Van Wart Ward 3: Thomas Underwood	352	[lower-alpha 8]
16	1899	December 11	January 2, 1900 January 7, 1901 (1 year, 5 days)	William Henry Cushing	Ward 1: Thomas Alexander Hatfield Ward 1: William Mahon Parslow Ward 1: Solomon Sheldwyn Spafford Ward 2: James Hedley Grierson Ward 2: John Creighton	Ward 2: Hugh Neilson Ward 3: Donald J. Gunn Ward 3: Isaac Stephen Gerow Van Wart Ward 3: Thomas Underwood	375	[lower-alpha 9]
17	1900	December 10	January 7, 1901 January 6, 1902 (364 days)	James Stuart Mackie	Ward 1: Thomas Alexander Hatfield Ward 1: James Alexander McKenzie Ward 1: Solomon Sheldwyn Spafford Ward 2: John Creighton Ward 2: Richard Benjamin O'Sullivan	Ward 2: John Jackson Young Ward 3: Joseph Edward Eckersley Ward 3: Thomas Underwood Ward 3: John Emerson
18	1901	December 9	January 6, 1902 January 5, 1903 (364 days)	Thomas Underwood	Ward 1: Thomas Alexander Hatfield Ward 1: William Mahon Parslow Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 2: John Creighton Ward 2: William Henry Cushing	Ward 2: John Jackson Young Ward 3: William Charles Gordon Armstrong Ward 3: Isaac Stephen Gerow Van Wart Ward 3: James Abel Hornby		[lower-alpha 10]
19	1902	December 8	January 5, 1903 January 5, 1904 (1 year, 0 days)	Thomas Underwood	Ward 1: Owen Herbert Bott Ward 1: John Emerson Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 2: William John Binning Ward 2: William Carson	Ward 2: John Irwin Ward 3: William Charles Gordon Armstrong Ward 3: James Abel Hornby Ward 3: Richard Addison Brocklebank		[lower-alpha 11]
20	1903	December 14	January 5, 1904 January 2, 1905 (363 days)	Silas Alexander Ramsay	Ward 1: John Emerson Ward 1: John Thomas Macdonald Ward 1: James Alexander McKenzie Ward 2: William Henry Cushing Ward 2: John Irwin	Ward 2: John Hamilton Kerr Ward 3: Simon John Clarke Ward 3: Thomas Underwood Ward 3: James Abel Hornby		[lower-alpha 12]
21	1904	December 12	January 2, 1905 January 2, 1906 (1 year, 0 days)	John Emerson	Ward 1: William Leigh Bernard Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 1: John Rawlings Thompson Ward 2: William Head Ward 2: Charles Allan Stuart	Ward 2: Robert Cadogan Thomas Ward 3: Richard Addison Brocklebank Ward 3: Clifford Teasdale Jones Ward 3: Simon John Clarke		[lower-alpha 13]
22	1905	December 11	January 2, 1906 January 14, 1907 (1 year, 12 days)	John Emerson	Ward 1: Charles McMillan Ward 1: William Pitman Jr. Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 2: John Smythe Hall Ward 2: William George Hunt Ward 2: George Thomas Young	Ward 3: Simon John Clarke Ward 3: John William Mitchell Ward 4: David Carter Ward 3: Arthur Garnet Graves Ward 4: Clifford Teasdale Jones Ward 4: Robert James Stuart		[lower-alpha 14]
23	1906	December 10	January 14, 1907 January 2, 1908 (353 days)	Arthur Leslie Cameron	Ward 1: Alfred Moodie Ward 1: Silas Alexander Ramsay Ward 1: Robert Suitor Ward 2: William Henry Manarey Ward 2: Harry William White Ward 2: George Thomas Young	Ward 3: Simon John Clarke Ward 3: John William Mitchell Ward 4: Charles McMillan Ward 3: Arthur Garnet Graves Ward 4: Clifford Bernard Reilly Ward 4: John Goodwin Watson
24	1907	December 9	January 2, 1908 January 2, 1909 (1 year, 0 days)	Arthur Leslie Cameron	Ward 1: Alfred Moodie Ward 1: Adoniram Judson Samis Ward 1: Robert Suitor Ward 2: William Henry Manarey Ward 2: George Thomas Callender Robinson Ward 2: Alfred Marmaduke Terrill	Ward 3: Arthur Garnet Graves Ward 3: John William Mitchell Ward 4: William Mahon Parslow Ward 3: James Abel Hornby Ward 4: Robert James Stuart Ward 4: John Goodwin Watson
25	1908	December 14	January 2, 1909 January 3, 1910 (1 year, 1 day)	Reuben Rupert Jamieson	Ward 1: George Nelson Erb Ward 1: Alfred Moodie Ward 1: John Leslie Speer Ward 2: Frederick Joseph Green Ward 2: Edward George King Ward 2: William Henry Manarey	Ward 3: Richard Addison Brocklebank Ward 3: Milton Ross Wallace Ward 4: William Egbert Ward 3: John William Mitchell Ward 4: Clifford Bernard Reilly Ward 4: John Goodwin Watson
26	1909	December 13	January 3, 1910 January 2, 1911 (364 days)	Reuben Rupert Jamieson	Ward 1: Malcolm Halladay Ward 1: George Henry Ross Ward 1: George Ernest Wood Ward 2: William Ross Ward 2: James Smalley Ward 2: One Vacancy	Ward 3: Richard Addison Brocklebank Ward 3: Milton Ross Wallace Ward 4: William Egbert Ward 3: John William Mitchell Ward 4: Clifford Teasdale Jones Ward 4: Clifford Bernard Reilly
27	1910	December 12	January 2, 1911 January 2, 1912 (1 year, 0 days)	John William Mitchell	Ward 1: Magnus Brown Ward 1: Alfred Bruce Cushing Ward 1: Adoniram Judson Samis Ward 2: William Thomas Daniel Lathwell Ward 2: Donald McDonald Ward 2: William Ross Sr.	Ward 3: Richard Addison Brocklebank Ward 3: Stanley Brown Ramsey Ward 4: James Hay Garden Ward 3: James Abel Hornby Ward 4: Clifford Teasdale Jones Ward 4: John Goodwin Watson
28	1911	December 11	January 2, 1912 January 2, 1913 (1 year, 0 days)	John William Mitchell	Ward 1: Magnus Brown Ward 1: Charles Henry Minchin Ward 1: Adoniram Judson Samis Ward 2: Shibley Goldsmith Carscallen Ward 2: Alexander Clarence McDougall Ward 2: Frank Russell Riley	Ward 3: Richard Addison Brocklebank Ward 3: Stanley Brown Ramsey Ward 4: George W Morfitt Ward 3: James Abel Hornby Ward 4: John Goodwin Watson Ward 4: Reuben Switzer Whaley
29	1912	December 9	January 2, 1913 January 2, 1914 (1 year, 0 days)	Herbert Arthur Sinnott	Ward 1: Stanley Gordon Freeze Ward 1: Thomas Alfred Presswood Frost Ward 1: George Henry Ross Ward 2: Herbert Bealey Adshead Ward 2: Shibley Goldsmith Carscallen Ward 2: William Ross Sr.	Ward 3: Samuel Allen Carson Ward 3: Stanley Brown Ramsey Ward 4: Michael Copps Costello Ward 3: Douglas Ralph Crichton Ward 4: James Hay Garden Ward 4: William John Tregillus
The Mayor is elected to a one-year term. Wards are dropped. Aldermen are elected at-large to one- or two-year terms.
30	1913	December 8	January 2, 1914 January 2, 1915 (1 year, 0 days) January 2, 1914 January 3, 1916 (2 years, 1 day)	Herbert Arthur Sinnott	Donald Hope (1Y) Douglas Ralph Crichton (1Y) Herbert Bealey Adshead (1Y) Isaac Gideon Ruttle (1Y) William John Tregillus (1Y) William George Hunt (1Y)	Edward Henry Crandell (2Y) Harold William Hounsfield Riley (2Y) Michael Copps Costello (2Y) Stanley Gordon Freeze (2Y) Thomas Alfred Presswood Frost (2Y) William Ross Sr. (2Y)
The Mayor is elected to a one-year term. Aldermen are elected to alternating two-year terms.
31	1914	December 14	January 2, 1915 January 2, 1917 (2 years, 0 days)	Michael Copps Costello	John William Mitchell Arthur Walter Ellson Fawkes Isaac Gideon Ruttle	James Abel Hornby John Leslie Jennison John Sidney Arnold Douglas Ralph Crichton (1Y)
32	1915	December 13	January 3, 1916 January 2, 1918 (1 year, 364 days)	Michael Copps Costello	Samuel Hunter Adams Robert Colin Marshall John McNeill Allan Poyntz Patrick (1Y)	Adoniram Judson Samis Thomas John Searle Skinner George Frederick Tull Robert John Tallon (1Y)
33	1916	December 11	January 2, 1917 January 2, 1919 (2 years, 0 days)	Michael Copps Costello	John Sidney Arnold Herbert Bealey Adshead Alexander McTaggart	Allan Poyntz Patrick Isaac Gideon Ruttle Robert John Tallon Andrew Graham Broatch (1Y)
Calgary changed to STV/PR system for councillors. Mayor to be elected through Instant-runoff voting.
34	1917	December 10	January 2, 1918 January 2, 1920 (2 years, 0 days)	Michael Copps Costello	Samuel Hunter Adams Frank Roy Freeze Hannah Gale James Bernard Creagan (1Y) Frederick John Marshall (1Y)	Albert Mahaffy Robert Colin Marshall Andrew Graham Broatch Philip Dorland Sprung (1Y)
35	1918	December 9	January 2, 1919 January 3, 1921 (2 years, 1 day)	Robert Colin Marshall	David Ernest Black Frederick Arthur Johnston John McCoubrey Isaac Gideon Ruttle (1Y)	Alexander McTaggart Frederick Ernest Osborne Fred J. White		[lower-alpha 15]
36	1919	December 10	January 2, 1920 January 3, 1922 (2 years, 1 day)	Robert Colin Marshall	Andrew Graham Broatch Frederick Lowry Shouldice Hannah Gale	Frank Roy Freeze George Harry Webster Samuel Hunter Adams
37	1920	December 15	January 3, 1921 January 2, 1923 (1 year, 364 days)	Samuel Hunter Adams	John Sidney Arnold John William Hugill Alexander McTaggart Neil I. McDermid (1Y)	Charles Stevenson Fred J. White Walter Little Geoffrey Silvester (1Y)		[lower-alpha 16]
38	1921	December 14	January 3, 1922 January 2, 1924 (1 year, 364 days)	Samuel Hunter Adams	George Harry Webster George David Batchelor Andrew Davison	Robert Henry Parkyn Hannah Gale James Hay Garden
39	1922	December 13	January 2, 1923 January 2, 1925 (2 years, 0 days)	George Harry Webster	Thomas Henry Crawford Frederick Arthur Johnston Frederick Ernest Osborne Walter Little (1Y)	Neil I. McDermid Fred J. White John Walker Russell
The Mayor is elected to a two-year term. Aldermen are elected to alternating two year terms.
40	1923	December 12	January 2, 1924 January 2, 1926 (2 years, 0 days)	George Harry Webster	Andrew Davison Thomas Alexander Hornibrook Walter Little	William Henry Ross Samuel Stanley Savage Robert Cadogan Thomas
41	1924	December 10	January 2, 1925 January 2, 1927 (2 years, 0 days)	Continuing in Office	Peter Turner Bone Thomas Henry Crawford Eneas Edward McCormick	John Walker Russell Reuben Weldon Ward Fred J. White
42	1925	December 16	January 2, 1926 January 3, 1928 (2 years, 1 day)	George Harry Webster	Robert Cadogan Thomas Robert Henry Parkyn Andrew Davison William Henry Ross (1Y)	Thomas Alexander Hornibrook Frank Roy Freeze Samuel Stanley Savage
43	1926	December 15	January 3, 1927 January 2, 1929 (1 year, 365 days)	Frederick Ernest Osborne	Eneas Edward McCormick Harold Wigmore McGill Edith Patterson Frederick Charles Manning (1Y)	John Walker Russell Reuben Weldon Ward Peter Turner Bone
44	1927	December 14	January 3, 1928 January 1, 1930 (1 year, 363 days)	Frederick Ernest Osborne	Frank Roy Freeze Thomas Alexander Hornibrook Frederick Charles Manning	Robert Henry Parkyn Samuel Stanley Savage William Howell Arthur Thomas
45	1928	December 12	January 2, 1929 December 31, 1930 (1 year, 363 days)	Continuing in Office	Peter Turner Bone Andrew Davison Eneas Edward McCormick	Harold Wigmore McGill Edith Patterson Fred J. White
46	1929	November 20	January 1, 1930 December 31, 1931 (1 year, 364 days)	Andrew Davison	Robert Henry Parkyn Robert Henry Weir Pansy Louise Pue John Walker Russell (1Y)	Joseph Hope Ross Samuel Stanley Savage Jean Romeo Cyr-Miquelon
47	1930	November 19	January 1, 1931 December 31, 1932 (1 year, 365 days)	Continuing in Office	Wilmot Douglas Milner Fred J. White Charles Edward Carr	Lloyd Hamilton Fenerty Ralph William Patterson John Walker Russell
48	1931	November 18	January 1, 1932 December 31, 1933 (1 year, 364 days)	Andrew Davison	Harold William Hounsfield Riley Jean Romeo Cyr-Miquelon Samuel Stanley Savage	Edith Patterson Pansy Louise Pue Robert Henry Weir
49	1932	November 23	January 1, 1933 December 31, 1934 (1 year, 364 days)	Continuing in Office	Peter Turner Bone William Ayer Lincoln Robert Henry Parkyn Joseph Hope Ross (1Y)	John Walker Russell Fred J. White Harry Humble
50	1933	November 22	January 1, 1934 December 31, 1935 (1 year, 364 days)	Andrew Davison	Joseph Brown Seymour Alexander John MacMillan William George Southern	Joseph Hope Ross Harold William Hounsfield Riley Robert Henry Weir
51	1934	November 21	January 1, 1935 December 31, 1936 (1 year, 365 days)	Continuing in Office	Douglas Cunnington Frank Roy Freeze William Ayer Lincoln	Robert Henry Parkyn Aylmer John Eggert Liesemer Fred J. White
52	1935	November 20	January 1, 1936 December 31, 1937 (1 year, 364 days)	Andrew Davison	Alexander John MacMillan William George Southern Rose Wilkinson James Gourley (1Y)	Robert Henry Weir Douglas Cameron Sinclair James William Gillman
53	1936	November 18	January 1, 1937 December 31, 1938 (1 year, 364 days)	Continuing in Office	Frederick Hamilton Lepper Douglas Cunnington James Gourley	Aylmer John Eggert Liesemer Arthur Calway Rowe Frank Roy Freeze
54	1937	November 17	January 1, 1938 December 31, 1939 (1 year, 364 days)	Andrew Davison	Ernest Arlington McCullough Rose Wilkinson Hedley Robert Chauncey George Marshall Brown (1Y)	Robert Henry Weir James Caven Mahaffy William George Southern
55	1938	November 23	January 1, 1939 December 31, 1940 (1 year, 365 days)	Continuing in Office	George Marshall Brown Frank Roy Freeze George Cullis Lancaster	Patrick Denis Lenihan Douglas Cunnington Robert Henry Parkyn
56	1939	November 22	January 1, 1940 December 31, 1941 (1 year, 364 days)	Andrew Davison	Robert Henry Weir James Caven Mahaffy William George Southern Fred J. White (1Y)	Hedley Robert Chauncey Ernest Arlington McCullough Rose Wilkinson
57	1940	November 20	January 1, 1941 December 31, 1942 (1 year, 364 days)	Continuing in Office	Fred J. White Frank Roy Freeze David Smith Moffat Ernest Henry Starr (1Y)	Reginald George Smith George Marshall Brown George Cullis Lancaster
58	1941	November 24	January 1, 1942 December 31, 1943 (1 year, 364 days)	Andrew Davison	Hedley Robert Chauncey Ernest Arlington McCullough William George Southern	Ernest Henry Starr Robert Henry Weir Rose Wilkinson		All Council Acclaimed
59	1942	November 18	January 1, 1943 December 31, 1944 (1 year, 365 days)	Continuing in Office	Robert Thomas Alderman George Marshall Brown Frank Roy Freeze	George Cullis Lancaster David Smith Moffat Reginald George Smith		All Council Acclaimed
60	1943	November 17	January 1, 1944 December 31, 1945 (1 year, 364 days)	Andrew Davison	Frederick James Chalk Hedley Robert Chauncey Ernest Arlington McCullough	Ernest Henry Starr James Cameron Watson Rose Wilkinson		All Council Acclaimed
61	1944	November 22	January 1, 1945 December 31, 1946 (1 year, 364 days)	Continuing in Office	James Mitchell Cairns Robert Thomas Alderman George Marshall Brown	Reginald George Smith George Cullis Lancaster Frank Roy Freeze
62	1945	November 21	January 1, 1946 December 31, 1947 (1 year, 364 days)	James Cameron Watson	Donald Hugh Mackay Peter Newton Russel Morrison Rose Wilkinson	Frederick Clarence Manning James Thomas Edwards Ernest Henry Starr
63	1946	November 20	January 1, 1947 December 31, 1948 (1 year, 365 days)	Continuing in Office	Robert Thomas Alderman Frederick Charles Colborne George Marshall Brown	Frank Roy Freeze George Cullis Lancaster Donald Fraser McIntosh
64	1947	November 19	January 1, 1948 December 31, 1949 (1 year, 364 days)	James Cameron Watson	Manley Justin Edwards Albert Earl Aikenhead Donald Hugh Mackay Paul Ralph Brecken (1Y)	Gordon Gilbert Cushing Rose Wilkinson Peter Newton Russel Morrison
65	1948	November 17	January 1, 1949 December 31, 1950 (1 year, 364 days)	Continuing in Office	George Marshall Brown Arthur Noel Hutchinson Donald Fraser McIntosh	Frederick Parker Paul Ralph Brecken Charles Constantine Connolly
66	1949	November 23	January 1, 1950 December 31, 1951 (1 year, 364 days)	Donald Hugh MacKay	Mary Julia Cross Dover Robert Bryson Corley Neil Douglas McDermid James Leslie Hill (1Y)	Peter Newton Russel Morrison Rose Wilkinson Robert Thomas Alderman Ernest Henry Starr (1Y)
67	1950	November 22	January 1, 1951 October 20, 1952 (1 year, 293 days)	Continuing in Office	William Ross Upton James Leslie Hill Donald Fraser McIntosh	Walter Herbert Sydney Boote Arthur Noel Hutchinson Frederick Parker
68	1951	November 21	January 1, 1952 October 19, 1953 (1 year, 291 days)	Donald Hugh MacKay	Rosamond Elizabeth Owens Wilkinson Mary Julia Cross Dover Peter Newton Russel Morrison	Paul Ralph Brecken Gordon Stanley Houghton Edward Bruce Watson
69	1952	October 15	October 20, 1952 October 18, 1954 (1 year, 363 days)	2nd year of two year term	Ernest Henry Starr Walter Herbert Sydney Boote Frederick Parker	Donald Fraser McIntosh Elmer Bowling Lyle Isabella Kathleen Little Stevens
70	1953	October 14	October 19, 1953 October 24, 1955 (2 years, 5 days)	Donald Hugh MacKay	Melvin Earl Shannon Paul Ralph Brecken Peter Newton Russel Morrison Edward Bruce Watson	Donald Hugh MacKay Grant MacEwan Rosamond Elizabeth Owens Wilkinson Arthur Ryan Smith		[lower-alpha 17]
71	1954	October 13	October 18, 1954 October 22, 1956 (2 years, 4 days)	2nd year of two year term	Ernest Henry Starr Kennett Irvin Lyle Douglas Alexander McKay	Walter Herbert Sydney Boote Donald Fraser McIntosh Frederick Parker
72	1955	October 19	October 24, 1955 October 21, 1957 (1 year, 362 days)	Donald Hugh MacKay	Isabella Kathleen Little Stevens James David Macdonald Clarence Frank Mack	Paul Ralph Brecken Grant MacEwan Peter Newton Russel Morrison
73	1956	October 17	October 22, 1956 October 20, 1958 (1 year, 363 days)	2nd year of two year term	Ernest Henry Starr Edward Bruce Watson Donald Fraser McIntosh	Walter Peter Rowan Mary Julia Cross Dover Ernest John Munson
74	1957	October 16	October 21, 1957 October 19, 1959 (1 year, 363 days)	Donald Hugh MacKay	Isabella Kathleen Little Stevens John Jeffery Hanna Paul Ralph Brecken James David Macdonald	Arthur J. Dixon Grant MacEwan Asa Milton Harradence Peter Newton Russel Morrison		[lower-alpha 18]
75	1958	October 15	October 20, 1958 October 24, 1960 (2 years, 4 days)	2nd year of two year term	Mark Tennant Mary Julia Cross Dover Clarence Frank Mack Ernest Henry Starr	John Jeffery Hanna Donald Fraser McIntosh James David Macdonald Edward Bruce Watson (1Y)		[lower-alpha 19] [lower-alpha 20]
76	1959	October 14	October 19, 1959 October 23, 1961 (2 years, 4 days)	Harry Hays	Edward Bruce Watson James Logan Hannah Grant MacEwan	Paul Ralph Brecken George Ho Lem Peter Newton Russel Morrison
77	1960	October 19	October 24, 1960 October 23, 1961 (364 days)	2nd year of two year term	Runo Carl Berglund Mark Tennant Donald Fraser Mcintosh Ernest Henry Starr	Runo Carl Berglund Clarence Frank Mack David John Russell		[lower-alpha 21]
All council seats become vacant as city switched to ward systems (while continuing the use of STV). In each ward the candidate for alderman with the most votes was elected for two years, candidates with the second most votes were elected for one. Elections held through the STV/PR system if multi-members elected, otherwise instant-runoff voting .
78	1961	October 18	October 23, 1961 October 21, 1963 (1 year, 363 days)	Harry Hays	Ward 1: George Ho Lem (2Y) Ward 1: Edward Bruce Watson (1Y) Ward 2: Roy Alexander Farran (2Y) Ward 2: Donald Fraser McIntosh (1Y) Ward 3: Edward David Duncan (2Y) Ward 3: Runo Carl Berglund (1Y)	Ward 4: Clarence Frank Mack (2Y) Ward 4: John Clifford Leslie (1Y) Ward 5: Peter Newton Russel Morrison (2Y) Ward 5: Ernest Henry Starr (1Y) Ward 6: Grant MacEwan (2Y) Ward 6: William Daniel Dickie (1Y)		[lower-alpha 22]
Half the council seats become vacant each year as aldermen began to serve staggered terms. One seat in each ward elected through Alternative Voting each election. Only use of STV until 1970 was when a ward had two open seats through resignation or other cause.
79	1962	October 17	October 22, 1962 October 19, 1964 (1 year, 363 days)	2nd year of two year term	Ward 1: Harold Raymond Ballard Ward 2: Harold Philip Runions Ward 3: Runo Carl Berglund	Ward 4: John Clifford Leslie Ward 5: Ernest Henry Starr Ward 6: William Daniel Dickie		[lower-alpha 23]
80	1963	October 16	October 21, 1963 October 18, 1965 (1 year, 362 days)	Grant MacEwan	Ward 1: George Ho Lem Ward 2: Mark Tennant Ward 3: Edward David Duncan	Ward 4: Roy Victor Deyell Ward 5: Walter Herbert Sydney Boote Ward 6: David John Russell
81	1964	October 14	October 19, 1964 October 24, 1966 (2 years, 5 days)	2nd year of two year term	Ward 1: Harold Raymond Ballard Ward 2: Roy Alexander Farran Ward 3: Adrian Douglas Berry	Ward 4: John Clifford Leslie Ward 5: Ernest Henry Starr Ward 6: John Ellwood Davis
82	1965	October 13	October 18, 1965 October 23, 1967 (2 years, 5 days)	Jack Leslie	Ward 1: Luther H. Goodwin Ward 2: Mark Tennant Ward 3: Bruce Edgar Langridge	Ward 4: Arthur Ryan Smith Ward 4: Marion Albert Law Ward 5: John Kushner Ward 6: David John Russell
83	1966	October 19	October 24, 1966 October 23, 1968 (1 year, 365 days)	2nd year of two year term	Ward 1: Peter Petrasuk Ward 2: Roy Alexander Farran Ward 3: John Carleton Ayer	Ward 4: Marion Albert Law Ward 5: James Vernon Gilkes Ward 6: John Ellwood Davis
84	1967	October 18	October 23, 1967 October 22, 1969 (1 year, 364 days)	Jack Leslie	Ward 1: Eric Charles Musgreave Ward 2: Mark Tennant Ward 3: Adrian Douglas Berry	Ward 4: Luther H. Goodwin Ward 5: James Alexander McCambly Ward 6: Leslie Carter Blackburn
85	1968	October 16	October 23, 1968 October 25, 1971 (3 years, 2 days)	2nd year of two year term	Ward 1: Peter Petrasuk Ward 2: Roy Alexander Farran Ward 2: Lorne Leslie Anger Ward 3: John Carleton Ayer	Ward 4: Edward James Dooley Ward 5: John Kushner Ward 6: John Ellwood Davis		[lower-alpha 24] [lower-alpha 25]
86	1969	October 15	October 22, 1969 October 25, 1971 (2 years, 3 days)	Rod Sykes	Ward 1: Eric Charles Musgreave Ward 2: Donald Adam Hartman Ward 3: Adrian Douglas Berry	Ward 4: Luther H. Goodwin Ward 5: Robert Stuart Harvey Greene Ward 6: Thomas Priddle
All Council terms are extended to three years and elected simultaneously, through the STV/PR system and wards.
87	1971	October 13	October 25, 1971 October 28, 1974 (3 years, 3 days)	Rod Sykes	Ward 1: Eric Charles Musgreave Ward 1: Peter Petrasuk Ward 2: Donald Adam Hartman Ward 2: Robert Archibald Simpson Ward 3: Adrian Douglas Berry Ward 3: John Carleton Ayer	Ward 4: Barbara Ann Scott Ward 4: Ed Oman Ward 5: John Kushner Ward 5: Gordon Wells Shrake Ward 6: Ross Patterson Alger Ward 6: Thomas Priddle
Calgary ended its use of STV/PR and went to first past the post Block Voting system.
88	1974	October 16	October 28, 1974 October 31, 1977 (3 years, 3 days)	Rod Sykes	Ward 1: Marguerite Patricia Shook Donnelly Ward 1: Maurice Edgar Ryan Ward 2: Donald Adam Hartman Ward 2: Robert Archibald Simpson Ward 3: Virnetta Nelson Anderson Ward 3: John Carleton Ayer	Ward 4: Barbara Ann Scott Ward 4: Ed Oman Ward 5: Harold Joseph Huish Ward 5: Gordon Wells Shrake Ward 6: Irene Leone Wellwood Ward 6: Thomas Priddle		[lower-alpha 26]
Council moves to a 14-ward system, with one Alderman being elected in each ward.
89	1977	October 19	October 31, 1977 October 27, 1980 (2 years, 362 days)	Ross Alger	Ward 1: Marguerite Patricia Shook Donnelly Ward 2: Maurice Edgar Ryan Ward 3: Robert Archibald Simpson Ward 4: Donald Adam Hartman Ward 5: Stanley Kenneth Nelson Ward 6: Brian Craig Lee Ward 7: Elaine Pauline Husband	Ward 8: Barbara Ann Scott Ward 9: Harold Joseph Huish Ward 10: Gordon Wells Shrake Ward 11: Douglas Craig Somers Reid Ward 12: Naomi Sylvia Shapiro Whalen Ward 13: Anna Blough Ward 14: Sue Higgins
90	1980	October 15	October 27, 1980 October 24, 1983 (2 years, 362 days)	Ralph Klein	Ward 1: Marguerite Patricia Shook Donnelly Ward 2: Robert Reginald McCombie Ward 3: Bob Hawkesworth Ward 4: Donald Adam Hartman Ward 5: Stanley Kenneth Nelson Ward 6: Brian Craig Lee Ward 7: Elaine Pauline Husband	Ward 8: Barbara Ann Scott Ward 9: John Wilmer Long Ward 10: Gordon Wells Shrake Ward 11: Douglas Craig Somers Reid Ward 12: Lawrence Alexander Gilchrist Ward 13: James Richard Bell Ward 14: Sue Higgins
91	1983	October 17	October 24, 1983 October 27, 1986 (3 years, 3 days)	Ralph Klein	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Theresa Catherine Baxter Ward 3: Bob Hawkesworth Ward 4: Donald Adam Hartman Ward 5: Leslie Ewen Ernest Pears Ward 6: John Joseph Leigh Ward 7: Timothy Walter Bardsley	Ward 8: Barbara Ann Scott Ward 9: Al Duerr Ward 10: Raymond William Arthur Clark Ward 11: Douglas Craig Somers Reid Ward 12: Lawrence Alexander Gilchrist Ward 13: James Richard Bell Ward 14: Verna Diane Scown Hunter		[lower-alpha 27]
92	1986	October 20	October 27, 1986 October 23, 1989 (2 years, 361 days)	Ralph Klein	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Theresa Catherine Baxter Ward 3: John Schmal Ward 4: Donald Adam Hartman Ward 5: Jonathan Niles Havelock Ward 6: John Joseph Leigh Ward 7: Timothy Walter Bardsley	Ward 8: Barbara Ann Scott Ward 9: Al Duerr Ward 10: Raymond William Arthur Clark Ward 11: Douglas Craig Somers Reid Ward 12: Sue Higgins Ward 13: Anna Blough Ward 14: Verna Diane Scown Hunter		[lower-alpha 28]
93	1989	October 16	October 23, 1989 October 26, 1992 (3 years, 3 days)	Al Duerr	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Sharon Margaret Redman Fisk Ward 3: John Schmal Ward 4: Richard Charles Magnus Ward 5: Yvonne Marie Fagnan Fritz Ward 6: John Joseph Leigh Ward 7: Bev Longstaff	Ward 8: Barbara Ann Scott Ward 9: Richard Gordon Smith Ward 10: Raymond William Arthur Clark Ward 11: Douglas Craig Somers Reid Ward 12: Sue Higgins Ward 13: William Glen Johnston Ward 14: Carol Ann Macdonald Kraychy
94	1992	October 19	October 26, 1992 October 23, 1995 (2 years, 362 days)	Al Duerr	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Joanne Louise Craig Kerr Ward 3: John Schmal Ward 4: Richard Charles Magnus Ward 5: Yvonne Marie Fagnan Fritz Ward 6: Dave Bronconnier Ward 7: Bev Longstaff	Ward 8: Barbara Ann Scott Ward 9: Richard Gordon Smith Ward 10: Raymond William Arthur Clark Ward 11: Barry Erskine Ward 12: Sue Higgins Ward 13: William Glen Johnston Ward 14: Carol Ann Macdonald Kraychy
95	1995	September 18	October 23, 1995 October 26, 1998 (3 years, 3 days)	Al Duerr	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Joanne Louise Craig Kerr Ward 3: John Schmal Ward 4: Bob Hawkesworth Ward 5: Ray Jones Ward 6: Dave Bronconnier Ward 7: Bev Longstaff	Ward 8: Jon Lord Ward 9: Joe Ceci Ward 10: Raymond William Arthur Clark Ward 11: Barry Erskine Ward 12: Sue Higgins Ward 13: Patricia Rosalynn Mogridge Grier Ward 14: Linda Fox-Mellway
96	1998	October 19	October 26, 1998 October 22, 2001 (2 years, 361 days)	Al Duerr	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Joanne Louise Craig Kerr Ward 3: John Schmal Ward 4: Bob Hawkesworth Ward 5: Ray Jones Ward 6: Dave Bronconnier Ward 7: Bev Longstaff	Ward 8: Jon Lord Ward 9: Joe Ceci Ward 10: Diane Danielson Ward 11: Barry Erskine Ward 12: Sue Higgins Ward 13: Patricia Rosalynn Mogridge Grier Ward 14: Linda Fox-Mellway
97	2001	October 15	October 22, 2001 October 25, 2004 (3 years, 3 days)	Dave Bronconnier	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Gord Lowe Ward 3: John Schmal Ward 4: Bob Hawkesworth Ward 5: Ray Jones Ward 6: Craig Burrows Ward 7: Druh Farrell	Ward 8: Madeleine King Ward 9: Joe Ceci Ward 10: Diane Danielson Ward 11: Barry Erskine Ward 12: Ric McIver Ward 13: Diane Colley-Urquhart Ward 14: Linda Fox-Mellway	221,513
98	2004	October 18	October 25, 2004 October 22, 2007 (2 years, 362 days)	Dave Bronconnier	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Gord Lowe Ward 3: Helen Larocque Ward 4: Bob Hawkesworth Ward 5: Ray Jones Ward 6: Craig Burrows Ward 7: Druh Farrell	Ward 8: Madeleine King Ward 9: Joe Ceci Ward 10: Margot Aftergood Ward 11: Barry Erskine Ward 12: Ric McIver Ward 13: Diane Colley-Urquhart Ward 14: Linda Fox-Mellway	115,549	[lower-alpha 29]
99	2007	October 15	October 22, 2007 October 25, 2010 (3 years, 3 days)	Dave Bronconnier	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Gord Lowe Ward 3: Jim Stevenson Ward 4: Bob Hawkesworth Ward 5: Ray Jones Ward 6: Joe Connelly Ward 7: Druh Farrell	Ward 8: Jon Mar Ward 9: Joe Ceci Ward 10: Andre Chabot Ward 11: Brian Pincott Ward 12: Ric McIver Ward 13: Diane Colley-Urquhart Ward 14: Linda Fox-Mellway	209,748
100	2010	October 18	October 25, 2010 October 28, 2013 (3 years, 3 days)	Naheed Nenshi	Ward 1: Dale Hodges Ward 2: Gord Lowe Ward 3: Jim Stevenson Ward 4: Gael Macleod Ward 5: Ray Jones Ward 6: Richard Pootmans Ward 7: Druh Farrell	Ward 8: Jon Mar Ward 9: Gian-Carlo Carra Ward 10: Andre Chabot Ward 11: Brian Pincott Ward 12: Shane Keating Ward 13: Diane Colley-Urquhart Ward 14: Peter Demong	354,090
101	2013	October 21	October 28, 2013 October 23, 2017 (3 years, 360 days)	Naheed Nenshi	Ward 1: Ward Sutherland Ward 2: Joe Magliocca Ward 3: Jim Stevenson Ward 4: Sean Chu Ward 5: Ray Jones Ward 6: Richard Pootmans Ward 7: Druh Farrell	Ward 8: Evan Woolley Ward 9: Gian-Carlo Carra Ward 10: Andre Chabot Ward 11: Brian Pincott Ward 12: Shane Keating Ward 13: Diane Colley-Urquhart Ward 14: Peter Demong	262,577 [12]
The Mayor and Councillors are elected 4 year terms.
102	2017	October 16	October 23, 2017 October 25, 2021 (4 years, 2 days)	Naheed Nenshi	Ward 1: Ward Sutherland Ward 2: Joe Magliocca Ward 3: Jyoti Gondek Ward 4: Sean Chu Ward 5: George Chahal Ward 6: Jeff Davison Ward 7: Druh Farrell	Ward 8: Evan Woolley Ward 9: Gian-Carlo Carra Ward 10: Ray Jones Ward 11: Jeromy Farkas Ward 12: Shane Keating Ward 13: Diane Colley-Urquhart Ward 14: Peter Demong	387,306 [13]
103	2021	October 18	October 25, 2021 Present (2 years, 190 days)	Jyoti Gondek	Ward 1: Sonya Sharp Ward 2: Jennifer Wyness Ward 3: Jasmine Mian Ward 4: Sean Chu Ward 5: Raj Dhaliwal Ward 6: Richard Pootmans Ward 7: Terry Wong	Ward 8: Courtney Walcott Ward 9: Gian-Carlo Carra Ward 10: Andre Chabot Ward 11: Kourtney Branagan Ward 12: Evan Spencer Ward 13: Dan McLean Ward 14: Peter Demong

See also

• Calgary City Council
• List of mayors of Calgary

Notes

1. Simon Jackson Hogg would resign May 20, 1885, and Issac Sanford Freeze would be acclaimed to Council and installed on June 10, 1885.
2. Northwest Territorial Ordinance 1-1886 voided the results of the January 1886 election and stated no Council existed in Calgary. ^[7]
3. First election in Calgary under three ward system.
4. • Howard Douglas acclaimed on February 28, 1894, after Thomas Underwood failed to be sworn in within one month of the January 1894 election due to inability to return from England in time. ^{[8] [9]}
5. Joseph Henry Millward elected in a by-election scheduled July 4, 1894, following Joseph Edward Jacques' resignation which was accepted by Council on June 12, 1894. Millward defeated Thomson, and George Murdoch for the seat. ^[10]
6. James Stuart Makie elected in a by-election scheduled October 2, 1894, following Joseph Henry Millward's resignation.
7. Henry Brown resigned from Council effective April 6, 1897, and Thomas O'Brien was acclaimed to the seat after nominations closed April 21, 1897.
8. George Albert Allen resigned from Council effective April 20, 1899, and William Henry Cushing won the seat in a by-election.
9. All Alderman candidates for council were acclaimed.
10. John Creighton died on July 29, 1902, and John Hamilton Kerr was acclaimed as Alderman for Ward 2 after close of nominations on September 1, 1902.
11. William Carson declined office in letter to City Clerk on December 18, 1902, William Henry Cushing was elected Alderman for Ward 2 in a by-election.
12. John Thomas Macdonald and James Alexander McKenzie would resign from office on April 2, 1904, with Owen Herbert Bott and John Rawlings Thompson elected in a by-election to sit as Ward 1 Aldermen.
13. William Leigh Bernard declined the office of Aldermen, James Abel Hornby was elected in by-election as Aldermen for Ward 1.
14. David Carter died on July 1, 1906, and was replaced by John Goodwin Watson in a by-election as Alderman for Ward 4. John Smythe Hall resigned as Alderman for Ward 2 effective November 30, 1906.
15. Issac G. Ruttle was elected for a one-year term to replace Robert Colin Marshall who resigned half way through his term as Alderman.
16. Geoffrey Silvester and Neil I. McDermid were both elected to one year terms following the resignation of Samuel Hunter Adams to run for Mayor.
17. Melvin Earl Shannon was elected to a one year term as Alderman following the resignation of Donald Fraser McIntosh earlier in 1953 part way through his two year term.
18. Arthur J. Dixon and John Jeffery Hanna elected to a single year terms to replace Walter Peter Rowan who died in the Trans-Canada Air Lines Flight 810 on December 9, 1956, and Ernest Henry Starr who resigned September 15, 1957, half way through his two year term.
19. James David Macdonald resigned effective August 17, 1959.
20. Edward Bruce Watson elected to a single year term to replace Grant MacEwan who resigned October 10, 1958, half way through his two year term.
21. The 1960 Calgary municipal election was the final election under the at-large system. The six elected Alderman would be in office for one year.
22. The 1961 Calgary municipal election was the first election under the new Ward system, the candidate which received the highest number of ballots was elected for a two year term (2Y), and the second highest ballot total is elected for a one year term (1Y).
23. Harry Hays would resign as Mayor on June 30, 1963, and Grant MacEwan was appointed Mayor by council effective July 4, 1963.
24. Lorne Leslie Anger was elected for a one year term following the resignation of Mark Tennant half way through his two year term.
25. Candidates in the 1968 Calgary municipal election served for a three year period until October 25, 1971, so all 12 members of council (half of council on overlapping terms) would expire together for the 1971 Calgary municipal election on October 13, 1971.
26. Thomas Priddle resigned from Council September 2, 1976.
27. Bob Hawkesworth would resign May 12, 1986, no by-election was held.
28. Ralph Klein would resign March 21, 1989, and Donald Adam Hartman would be appointed by Council as mayor the same day.
29. Ward 10 Alderman Margot Aftergood resigned November 30, 2004, following allegations of ballot stuffing by her campaign. ^[11]

References

1. "Calgary Civic Elections". AM 770. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2010.
2. Calgary Charter , 1893, c. 33
3. An Act to amend the Acts and Ordinances relating to the City of Calgary and to Validate By-law No. 1576 of the said City, SA 1913(2), c 30, retrieved on 2020-11-13
4. J. Paul Johnston and Miriam Koene, "Learning History's Lessons Anew. The Use of STV in Canadian Municipal Elections," in Shawn Bowler and Bernard Grofman, Elections in Australia, Ireland and Malta under the Single Transferable Vote, p. 218-219, 229
5. J. Paul Johnston and Miriam Koene, "Learning History's Lessons Anew. The Use of STV in Canadian Municipal Elections," in Shawn Bowler and Bernard Grofman, Elections in Australia, Ireland and Malta under the Single Transferable Vote, p. 218-219, 229
6. Jason Markusoff (December 14, 2010). "Calgary rejects alderman label after 116 years". Calgary Herald. Archived from the original on December 18, 2010. Retrieved December 14, 2010.
7. Ordinances of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Ordinances of the Lieut.-Governor and Council of the Northwest Territories. Regina: Government Printer [etc.] 1886.
8. "City and District". The Calgary Herald. No. 50. February 27, 1894. p. 5. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
9. "City and District". The Calgary Herald. No. 51. March 2, 1894. p. 5. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
10. "City and District". The Calgary Herald. No. 86. July 6, 1894. p. 8. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
11. Clark, Robert C. (June 22, 2005). INSPECTOR’S REPORT on the October 18, 2004 City of Calgary Ward 10 Election (PDF). Edmonton: Government of Alberta. Retrieved 20 March 2020.
12. "General Election Results". calgary.ca. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
13. "Election Results". calgary.ca. Retrieved October 17, 2017.

External References

• Frederick Hunter: THE MAYORS AND COUNCILS OF THE CORPORATION OF CALGARY Archived March 3, 2020