List of DNA-tested mummies

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This is a purported list of ancient humans remains, including mummies, that may have been DNA tested. Provided as evidence of the testing are links to the mitochondrial DNA sequences, and/or to the human haplogroups to which each case has been assigned. Also provided is a brief description of when and where they lived.[ according to whom? ] Entries lacking a citation should be viewed with skepticism; in particular, cases with no sequence or haplogroup links, with citation, have no evidentiary basis for appearing.

Contents

mtDNA and YDNA tests

The following mummies have undergone mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA) and YDNA tests, of remains with the indicated name, from the indicated locations:

NameOriginal Location
of Remains		Date Lived
(years ago)		Mitochondrial DNA sequence mtDNA Haplogroup Y-DNA Haplogroup
Paglicci 23 Italy28,000 [1] CRS [2] H [ citation needed ]
Paglicci 25 Italy23,000 [3] 7,025 AluI, 00073A, 11719G, 12308A [4] HV [4]
TAF009

TAF010

TAF011

TAF012

TAF013

TAF014

TAF015

Morocco15,100-13,900 [5]

15,100-13,900 [5]

15,100-13,900 [5]

15,100-13,900 [5]

15,100-13,900 [5]

15,100-13,900 [5]

15,100-13,900 [5]

U6a6b [5]

U6a7b [5]

U6a7 [5]

U6a7 [5]

U6a7b [5]

M1b [5]

U6a1b [5]

E1b1b1a1b1 [5]

E1b1b1a1 [5]

E1b1b1a1 [5]

N/A [5]

E1b1b1a1 [5]

E1b1b1a1 [5]

E1b1b [5]

Cheddar Man England>9,000[ citation needed ]16192T,[ citation needed ] 16270T[ citation needed ] U5b1 [6] I2-L38 (I2a2) [7]
Ötzi the Iceman Austria/Italy5,300 [8] K. [9] [10] G2a2b [11]
Nakht-Ankh Egypt4,000 [12] M1a1 [12]
Khnum-Nakht Egypt4,000 [12] M1a1 [12]
Djehutynakht (10A) Egypt4,000 [13] U5b2b5 [13]
Queen Tiye Egypt3,390 [14] K [14]
JK2887Egypt3,410-3,333 [15] J2a1a1 [15] N/A [15]
Tutankhamun Egypt3,342 [14] K [14] R1b [14]
Tel Shadud  [ he ] Canaanite NobelmanIsrael3,300 [16] R1b [16]
Tel Shadud  [ he ] specimen L126Israel3,300 [16] Haplogroup I5a1 [16] J [16]
Ramesses III Egypt3,200 [17] E1b1a [18]
Pentawer Egypt3,200 [17] E1b1a [18]
JK2134Egypt2,798-2,591 [15] J1d [15] J [15]
JK2911Egypt2,791-2,582 [15] M1a1 [15] J [15]
Takabuti Egypt2,600 [19] H4a1 [19]
Young Man of Byrsa Tunisialate 6th century BCE U5b2c1 [20]
OM:KMM A 64

YM:KMM A 63

Egypt2,320 [21]

2,300 [21]

T2c1a [21]

HV [21]

JK2888Egypt2,119-2,024 [15] U6a2 [15] E1b1b1a1b2 [15]
The Norwich Anglo-Saxon England1,000[ citation needed ]16189A,[ citation needed ] 16223T,[ citation needed ] 16271C,[ citation needed ] 16278T[ citation needed ] X [ citation needed ]
Juanita the Ice Maiden Peru500[ citation needed ]16111T, 16223T, 16290T, 16319A [22] A [ citation needed ]
500-year-old Inca childArgentina500 [23] C1b [23]

DNA tests

The following mummies have undergone DNA tests, of remains with the indicated name, from the indicated locations:[ citation needed ]

NameOriginal Location
of Remains		Date Lived
(years ago)		DNA sequence Y-DNA Haplogroup
Thuya Egypt3,390D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

Yuya Egypt3,390D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

KV35 Younger Lady Egypt3,390D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

Tiye (Elder Lady KV35)Egypt3,370D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

Amenhotep III Egypt3,370D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

KV55 mummyEgypt3,350D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

Tutankhamun Egypt3,340D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

KV21 Mummy AEgypt3,340D13S317, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

KV21 Mummy BEgypt3,340D13S317, D2S1338,

D16S539, CSF1PO [24]

KV62 Fetus 1 Egypt3,340D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

KV62 Fetus 2 Egypt3,340D13S317, D7S820, D2S1338, D21S11,

D16S539, D18S51, CSF1PO, FGA [24]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ötzi</span> Natural mummy of a man who lived c. 3300 BC

Ötzi, also called The Iceman, is the natural mummy of a man who lived between 3350 and 3105 BC. Ötzi's remains were discovered on 19 September 1991, in the Ötztal Alps at the Austria–Italy border. He is Europe's oldest known natural human mummy, offering an unprecedented view of Chalcolithic Europeans.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ancient DNA</span> Method of archaeological study

Ancient DNA (aDNA) is DNA isolated from ancient sources. Due to degradation processes ancient DNA is more degraded in comparison with contemporary genetic material. Genetic material has been recovered from paleo/archaeological and historical skeletal material, mummified tissues, archival collections of non-frozen medical specimens, preserved plant remains, ice and from permafrost cores, marine and lake sediments and excavation dirt.

Haplogroup K, formerly Haplogroup UK, is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is defined by the HVR1 mutations 16224C and 16311C. It is now known that K is a subclade of U8.

Haplogroup T is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is believed to have originated around 25,100 years ago in the Near East.

Haplogroup HV is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Haplogroup U is a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup (mtDNA). The clade arose from haplogroup R, likely during the early Upper Paleolithic. Its various subclades are found widely distributed across Northern and Eastern Europe, Central, Western and South Asia, as well as North Africa, the Horn of Africa, and the Canary Islands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Haplogroup N (mtDNA)</span> Widespread human mitochondrial DNA grouping indicating common ancestry

Haplogroup N is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) clade. A macrohaplogroup, its descendant lineages are distributed across many continents. Like its sibling macrohaplogroup M, macrohaplogroup N is a descendant of the haplogroup L3.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Haplogroup L3</span> Widespread human mitochondrial DNA grouping indicating common ancestry

Haplogroup L3 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade has played a pivotal role in the early dispersal of anatomically modern humans.

Haplogroup W is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

Haplogroup I is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is believed to have originated about 21,000 years ago, during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) period in West Asia. The haplogroup is unusual in that it is now widely distributed geographically, but is common in only a few small areas of East Africa, West Asia and Europe. It is especially common among the El Molo and Rendille peoples of Kenya, various regions of Iran, the Lemko people of Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine, the island of Krk in Croatia, the department of Finistère in France and some parts of Scotland and Ireland.

Haplogroup E-V38, also known as E1b1a-V38, is a major human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup. E-V38 is primarily distributed in Africa. E-V38 has two basal branches, E-M329 and E-M2. E-M329 is a subclade mostly found in East Africa. E-M2 is the predominant subclade in West Africa, Central Africa, Southern Africa, and the region of African Great Lakes; it also occurs at moderate frequencies in North Africa, West Asia, and Southern Europe.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Genetic history of Europe</span>

The genetic history of Europe includes information around the formation, ethnogenesis, and other DNA-specific information about populations indigenous, or living in Europe.

In human mitochondrial genetics, Haplogroup G is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Takabuti</span> Ancient Egyptian mummy

Takabuti was an ancient Egyptian married woman who reached an age of between twenty and thirty years. She lived in the Egyptian city of Thebes at the end of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt, c. 660 BC. Her mummified body and mummy case are in the Ulster Museum in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Takabuti was the first mummy to be unwrapped in Ireland, in 1835

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Genetic history of the Middle East</span>

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Haplogroup H is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. The clade is believed to have originated in Southwest Asia, near present day Syria, around 20,000 to 25,000 years ago. Mitochondrial haplogroup H is today predominantly found in Europe, and is believed to have evolved before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). It first expanded in the northern Near East and Southern Caucasus, and later migrations from Iberia suggest that the clade reached Europe before the Last Glacial Maximum. The haplogroup has also spread to parts of Africa, Siberia and Inner Asia. Today, around 40% of all maternal lineages in Europe belong to haplogroup H.

Haplogroup R0 is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas</span> Genetics on the peopling of the Americas

The genetic history of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas is divided into two distinct periods: the initial peopling of the Americas from about 20,000 to 14,000 years ago, and European contact, after about 500 years ago. The first period of the genetic history of Indigenous Americans is the determinant factor for the number of genetic lineages, zygosity mutations, and founding haplotypes present in today's Indigenous American populations.

The genetic history of Egypt reflects its geographical location at the crossroads of several major biocultural areas: North Africa, the Sahara, the Middle East, the Mediterranean and sub-Saharan Africa.

References

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    C
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  12. 1 2 3 4 Ancient DNA results end 4,000-year-old Egyptian mummy mystery
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  16. 1 2 3 4 5 The Canaanite Nobelman of Tel Shadud - Levantine R1b?
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  19. 1 2 "Shocking truth behind Takabuti's death revealed". Shocking truth behind Takabuti’s death revealed. Retrieved 2020-01-29.
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