This is a list of European regions (NUTS2 regions) sorted by their unemployment rate (European definition). Eurostat calculates the unemployment rate based on the information provided by national statistics institutes affiliated to eurostat. The list presents statistics for the years 2006 to 2018 from EUROSTAT, as of March 2019. [1]
Region (NUTS2) | Country | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brussels | Belgium | 17.6 | 17.1 | 15.9 | 15.7 | 17.3 | 16.9 | 17.4 | 19.3 | 18.3 | 17.3 | 16.7 | 14.8 | 13.2 |
Antwerp | Belgium | 5.7 | 5.0 | 4.6 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 4.3 |
Limburg | Belgium | 6.2 | 5.3 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 4.8 | 4.1 | 3.8 |
East Flanders | Belgium | 4.5 | 4.8 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 2.7 |
Flemish Brabant | Belgium | 4.2 | 3.4 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 3.6 |
West Flanders | Belgium | 4.2 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 3.9 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 2.6 |
Walloon Brabant | Belgium | 7.6 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 8.3 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 8.2 | 8.8 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 6.9 |
Hainaut | Belgium | 14.4 | 12.8 | 11.6 | 13.2 | 13.9 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 13.2 | 14.4 | 13.3 | 11.8 | 11.4 | 9.9 |
Liège | Belgium | 11.5 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 12.1 | 11.5 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 12.8 | 11.1 | 10.5 | 8.2 |
Luxembourg | Belgium | 7.7 | 6.8 | 7.7 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 6.2 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 8.5 | 9.3 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 5.4 |
Namur | Belgium | 10.6 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 9.4 | 9.6 | 8.0 | 7.3 | 10.4 | 8.9 | 10.9 | 9.7 | 7.4 | 8.5 |
Severozapaden | Bulgaria | 11.0 | 9.0 | 7.1 | 8.0 | 11.2 | 12.8 | 12.3 | 14.0 | 14.2 | 12.1 | 10.6 | 11.3 | 11.2 |
Severen tsentralen | Bulgaria | 13.5 | 10.7 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 11.6 | 12.8 | 14.3 | 15.3 | 13.2 | 10.6 | 9.3 | 6.9 | 6.7 |
Severoiztochen | Bulgaria | 11.0 | 10.8 | 8.6 | 10.4 | 14.6 | 15.4 | 18.2 | 16.8 | 12.6 | 10.3 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 7.4 |
Yugoiztochen | Bulgaria | 8.1 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 10.5 | 11.5 | 11.9 | 13.0 | 11.9 | 10.4 | 7.9 | 7.0 | 5.4 |
Yugozapaden | Bulgaria | 6.5 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 4.1 | 6.9 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 9.8 | 8.9 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 3.3 | 2.6 |
Yuzhen tsentralen | Bulgaria | 8.2 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 7.3 | 11.5 | 12.9 | 13.8 | 13.5 | 12.0 | 9.2 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 4.2 |
Prague | Czech Republic | 2.8 | 2.4 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 1.7 | 1.3 |
Central Bohemia | Czech Republic | 4.6 | 3.4 | 2.6 | 4.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
Jihozápad | Czech Republic | 4.9 | 3.5 | 3.1 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 3.9 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 1.5 |
Severozápad | Czech Republic | 12.8 | 9.5 | 7.8 | 10.3 | 11.1 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 7.3 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 3.4 |
Severovýchod | Czech Republic | 6.1 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 8.3 | 6.3 | 5.2 | 4.0 | 2.8 | 2.0 |
Jihovýchod | Czech Republic | 7.1 | 5.2 | 4.0 | 6.5 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 6.8 | 5.9 | 4.9 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.3 |
Central Moravia | Czech Republic | 7.6 | 5.9 | 4.9 | 7.5 | 8.8 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 8.0 | 6.9 | 5.3 | 3.9 | 3.3 | 2.2 |
Moravian-Silesia | Czech Republic | 12.0 | 8.5 | 7.4 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 8.6 | 8.1 | 6.9 | 4.7 | 3.7 |
Capital Region of Denmark | Denmark | 4.8 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 6.2 | 7.9 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 5.3 |
Central Denmark | Denmark | 3.7 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 5.8 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 4.6 |
North Denmark | Denmark | 4.9 | 4.4 | 3.7 | 6.9 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 7.9 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 5.3 |
Southern Denmark | Denmark | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 6.0 | 7.6 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 7.2 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 4.8 |
Zealand | Denmark | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 5.3 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 4.8 |
Stuttgart (district) | Germany | 6.5 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.3 |
Karlsruhe (district) | Germany | 7.2 | 5.5 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 2.9 |
Freiburg (district) | Germany | 5.5 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 2.6 |
Tubingen (district) | Germany | 5.9 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.9 |
Upper Bavaria | Germany | 5.3 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 2.5 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.2 | 2.3 |
Lower Bavaria | Germany | 6.6 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
Upper Palatinate | Germany | 6.8 | 5.3 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 1.9 |
Upper Franconia | Germany | 9.6 | 7.7 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 4.2 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 2.3 |
Middle Franconia | Germany | 7.9 | 6.7 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 1.8 |
Lower Franconia | Germany | 6.3 | 5.8 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.3 | 2.0 |
Swabia | Germany | 6.2 | 5.0 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.4 |
Berlin | Germany | 18.7 | 16.4 | 15.2 | 13.7 | 12.8 | 11.6 | 10.4 | 10.4 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 7.8 | 7.0 | 6.1 |
Brandenburg | Germany | 16.6 | 13.8 | 11.5 | 11.3 | 9.8 | 8.8 | 8.2 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.1 |
Bremen | Germany | 14.4 | 11.9 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 6.6 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 4.3 |
Hamburg | Germany | 9.9 | 9.1 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.1 |
Darmstadt (district) | Germany | 7.9 | 7.2 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.1 |
Gießen (district) | Germany | 8.5 | 7.2 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.6 |
Kassel (district) | Germany | 8.5 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 6.6 | 6.0 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 2.5 | 2.9 |
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern | Germany | 19.2 | 17.5 | 14.7 | 13.9 | 12.3 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 10.0 | 9.6 | 7.8 | 6.3 | 5.1 | 4.8 |
Braunschweig (district) | Germany | 10.1 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 8.5 | 7.1 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 4.0 |
Hanover (district) | Germany | 10.5 | 8.4 | 7.6 | 7.9 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.1 |
Lüneburg (district) | Germany | 9.0 | 7.4 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 2.4 |
Weser-Ems (district) | Germany | 9.3 | 7.1 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 2.7 |
Düsseldorf (district) | Germany | 9.8 | 8.6 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 4.3 |
Cologne (district) | Germany | 9.1 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.6 |
Münster (district) | Germany | 9.1 | 7.3 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 3.6 |
Detmold (district) | Germany | 10.0 | 8.1 | 7.2 | 7.7 | 7.0 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 3.2 |
Arnsberg (district) | Germany | 11.1 | 9.7 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 8.2 | 7.1 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 4.0 |
Koblenz (district) | Germany | 7.8 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 2.7 |
Trier (district) | Germany | 6.2 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 2.5 |
Rheinhessen-Pfalz (district) | Germany | 8.7 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.5 |
Saarland | Germany | 9.5 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 6.9 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 3.6 |
Dresden (district) | Germany | 16.2 | 13.4 | 12.3 | 12.0 | 10.3 | 8.6 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 6.2 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 4.0 |
Chemnitz (district) | Germany | 16.5 | 13.9 | 12.7 | 12.5 | 11.5 | 8.8 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 3.4 |
Leipzig (district) | Germany | 17.8 | 17.3 | 14.3 | 13.1 | 12.1 | 11.1 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 4.7 |
Saxony-Anhalt | Germany | 17.8 | 15.7 | 14.5 | 13.7 | 11.4 | 10.4 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.0 | 7.4 | 6.9 | 5.3 |
Schleswig-Holstein | Germany | 9.1 | 8.0 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.1 |
Thuringia | Germany | 15.7 | 13.8 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 8.6 | 7.6 | 7.2 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 4.1 |
Estonia | Estonia | 5.9 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 13.5 | 16.7 | 12.3 | 10.0 | 8.6 | 7.4 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 5.8 | 5.4 |
Northern and Western | Ireland | 16.4 | 15.7 | 13.1 | 11.5 | 10.0 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 5.6 | |||||
Southern | Ireland | 17.1 | 16.6 | 14.3 | 12.6 | 10.6 | 8.6 | 7.0 | 6.1 | |||||
Eastern and Midland | Ireland | 15.4 | 14.6 | 13.6 | 11.5 | 9.4 | 8.2 | 6.7 | 5.6 | |||||
Eastern Macedonia and Thrace | Greece | 11.1 | 9.8 | 8.8 | 11.1 | 14.5 | 20.2 | 22.8 | 26.8 | 24.2 | 23.4 | 22.8 | 19.5 | 15.9 |
Central Macedonia | Greece | 9.5 | 9.1 | 8.4 | 10.1 | 13.7 | 19.7 | 26.2 | 30.2 | 28.7 | 26.0 | 24.5 | 22.9 | 20.7 |
Western Macedonia | Greece | 14.2 | 12.1 | 12.5 | 12.4 | 15.4 | 23.1 | 29.7 | 31.6 | 27.6 | 30.7 | 31.3 | 29.1 | 27.0 |
Epirus | Greece | 9.8 | 10.0 | 9.9 | 11.2 | 12.6 | 16.5 | 22.5 | 27.4 | 26.8 | 24.5 | 24.3 | 24.8 | 20.1 |
Thessaly | Greece | 8.2 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 12.1 | 16.8 | 22.6 | 25.4 | 25.4 | 26.9 | 25.5 | 20.6 | 18.3 |
Ionian Islands | Greece | 11.2 | 9.0 | 8.3 | 9.5 | 14.6 | 14.1 | 14.7 | 18.1 | 21.4 | 19.0 | 16.0 | 19.6 | 15.9 |
Western Greece | Greece | 9.7 | 9.9 | 9.9 | 9.7 | 11.9 | 17.6 | 25.6 | 28.4 | 28.7 | 28.5 | 29.8 | 26.3 | 24.1 |
Central Greece | Greece | 9.2 | 9.4 | 8.5 | 10.5 | 12.5 | 19.0 | 27.9 | 28.2 | 26.8 | 25.8 | 25.0 | 20.8 | 18.9 |
Peloponnese | Greece | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 7.9 | 9.6 | 13.8 | 19.2 | 21.9 | 23.4 | 22.3 | 19.2 | 16.8 | 14.4 |
Attica | Greece | 8.5 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 9.1 | 12.6 | 18.0 | 25.8 | 28.7 | 27.3 | 25.2 | 23.0 | 21.6 | 19.9 |
North Aegean | Greece | 9.6 | 8.1 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 9.4 | 15.0 | 21.8 | 22.0 | 20.1 | 18.0 | 18.3 | 22.5 | 22.3 |
South Aegean | Greece | 9.0 | 9.4 | 8.3 | 12.3 | 14.6 | 15.2 | 15.4 | 21.3 | 20.1 | 14.9 | 17.4 | 16.0 | 16.9 |
Crete | Greece | 7.2 | 5.4 | 6.4 | 9.0 | 12.0 | 15.8 | 22.3 | 24.9 | 24.0 | 24.2 | 22.6 | 17.7 | 13.4 |
Galicia | Spain | 8.3 | 7.6 | 8.6 | 12.4 | 15.3 | 17.3 | 20.5 | 22.0 | 21.7 | 19.3 | 17.2 | 15.7 | 13.3 |
Asturias | Spain | 9.2 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 13.4 | 15.9 | 17.8 | 21.8 | 24.1 | 21.1 | 19.1 | 17.6 | 13.7 | 13.6 |
Cantabria | Spain | 6.5 | 6.0 | 7.2 | 12.0 | 13.7 | 15.3 | 17.8 | 20.4 | 19.4 | 17.6 | 14.9 | 13.6 | 10.7 |
Basque Country | Spain | 7.2 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 12.4 | 15.6 | 16.6 | 16.3 | 14.8 | 12.6 | 11.3 | 10.0 |
Navarre | Spain | 5.4 | 4.7 | 6.8 | 10.8 | 11.9 | 13.0 | 16.2 | 17.9 | 15.7 | 13.8 | 12.5 | 10.2 | 10.0 |
La Rioja | Spain | 6.1 | 5.8 | 7.9 | 12.6 | 14.1 | 17.2 | 20.6 | 20.0 | 18.2 | 15.4 | 13.5 | 12.0 | 10.4 |
Aragon | Spain | 5.5 | 5.3 | 7.3 | 13.1 | 15.0 | 17.1 | 18.7 | 21.4 | 20.2 | 16.3 | 14.7 | 11.6 | 10.6 |
Community of Madrid | Spain | 6.3 | 6.2 | 8.6 | 13.9 | 15.8 | 16.3 | 18.5 | 19.8 | 18.7 | 17.1 | 15.7 | 13.3 | 12.2 |
Castile and León | Spain | 8.1 | 7.1 | 9.6 | 14.0 | 15.8 | 16.9 | 19.8 | 21.7 | 20.8 | 18.3 | 15.8 | 14.1 | 12.1 |
Castilla–La Mancha | Spain | 8.8 | 7.7 | 11.7 | 18.9 | 21.2 | 23.1 | 28.6 | 30.0 | 29.0 | 26.3 | 23.5 | 20.8 | 18.2 |
Extremadura | Spain | 13.3 | 13.0 | 15.4 | 20.6 | 23.0 | 25.1 | 33.1 | 33.9 | 29.8 | 29.1 | 27.5 | 26.2 | 23.6 |
Catalonia | Spain | 6.5 | 6.5 | 8.9 | 16.2 | 17.7 | 19.2 | 22.5 | 23.1 | 20.3 | 18.6 | 15.7 | 13.4 | 11.5 |
Valencia | Spain | 8.3 | 8.7 | 12.0 | 20.8 | 22.9 | 24.0 | 27.2 | 28.0 | 25.8 | 22.8 | 20.6 | 18.2 | 15.6 |
Balearic Islands | Spain | 6.4 | 7.2 | 10.2 | 17.9 | 20.1 | 21.9 | 23.2 | 22.3 | 20.0 | 17.3 | 13.9 | 12.4 | 11.5 |
Andalusia | Spain | 12.6 | 12.8 | 17.7 | 25.2 | 27.8 | 30.1 | 34.4 | 36.2 | 34.8 | 31.5 | 28.9 | 25.5 | 23.0 |
Murcia | Spain | 7.9 | 7.5 | 12.4 | 20.3 | 22.9 | 25.0 | 27.6 | 29.0 | 26.6 | 24.6 | 19.8 | 18.0 | 16.8 |
Ceuta | Spain | 21.5 | 21.0 | 17.4 | 18.5 | 23.9 | 27.7 | 37.0 | 34.8 | 31.9 | 27.6 | 24.9 | 22.4 | 29.0 |
Melilla | Spain | 13.6 | 18.2 | 20.0 | 23.5 | 22.8 | 22.4 | 26.9 | 32.5 | 28.4 | 34.0 | 30.8 | 27.6 | 25.8 |
Canary Islands | Spain | 11.6 | 10.5 | 17.2 | 26.0 | 28.6 | 29.3 | 32.6 | 33.7 | 32.4 | 29.1 | 26.1 | 23.5 | 20.1 |
Île-de-France (Paris Metro) | France | 8.5 | 7.8 | 6.9 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 9.0 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 8.8 |
Centre-Val de Loire | France | 6.9 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 8.3 | 10.8 | 10.6 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 9.9 | 8.6 | 8.3 |
Champagne-Ardenne | France | 6.8 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 10.3 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 11.4 | 13.0 | 11.3 | 9.5 | 8.7 |
Picardy | France | 10.2 | 9.9 | 7.2 | 10.3 | 11.4 | 9.0 | 10.6 | 11.5 | 11.6 | 10.8 | 11.6 | 10.0 | 9.3 |
Upper Normandy | France | 8.8 | 8.6 | 8.4 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 8.9 | 10.9 | 11.6 | 11.9 | 10.6 | 11.5 | 11.3 | 9.3 |
Lower Normandy | France | 7.2 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 8.2 | 9.2 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 8.2 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 8.3 | 8.4 |
Burgundy | France | 8.4 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 7.9 | 8.9 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 8.7 | 9.5 | 10.6 | 9.0 |
Nord-Pas-de-Calais | France | 12.0 | 11.3 | 11.0 | 13.1 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 13.1 | 14.7 | 13.8 | 14.0 | 13.3 | 12.9 | 12.2 |
Lorraine | France | 9.5 | 7.5 | 8.1 | 11.2 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 11.7 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 12.2 | 11.8 | 11.0 | 10.0 |
Alsace | France | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 9.3 | 10.9 | 9.0 | 8.0 |
Franche-Comté | France | 7.6 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 8.9 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 8.2 | 6.8 | 7.3 |
Pays de la Loire | France | 6.9 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 7.1 | 7.8 |
Brittany | France | 7.3 | 6.7 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.4 | 7.8 | 8.6 | 7.3 | 6.7 |
Poitou-Charentes | France | 7.7 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 9.9 | 10.9 | 9.7 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.6 |
Aquitaine | France | 7.5 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 8.1 | 9.0 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 9.8 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 9.3 |
Midi-Pyrénées | France | 7.9 | 7.9 | 6.1 | 8.7 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 8.3 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 7.2 | 7.6 |
Limousin | France | 5.8 | 6.7 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 7.0 | 7.5 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 9.3 | 8.9 | 7.1 | 6.2 | 6.9 |
Rhône-Alpes | France | 7.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 8.8 | 9.1 | 8.0 | 7.2 | 7.3 |
Auvergne | France | 7.3 | 8.3 | 6.4 | 7.4 | 7.0 | 8.4 | 10.0 | 8.9 | 7.3 | 8.6 | 7.2 | 8.3 | 7.8 |
Languedoc-Roussillon | France | 10.9 | 10.1 | 9.4 | 13.3 | 13.7 | 11.9 | 15.0 | 12.9 | 12.3 | 12.9 | 12.0 | 12.2 | 11.7 |
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur | France | 11.0 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 10.9 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 9.3 |
Corsica | France | 10.7 | 9.0 | 7.9 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 12.3 | 9.8 | 8.5 | 8.6 | 7.8 | 5.6 |
Guadeloupe | France | 26.9 | 22.6 | 21.9 | 23.4 | 23.8 | 22.6 | 23.0 | 26.2 | 23.9 | 23.7 | 23.8 | 22.4 | 23.1 |
Martinique | France | 24.1 | 21.1 | 22.3 | 21.8 | 21.0 | 20.8 | 21.0 | 22.8 | 19.4 | 18.6 | 17.6 | 17.8 | 17.7 |
French Guiana | France | 28.5 | 20.1 | 21.4 | 20.2 | 21.0 | 21.0 | 22.3 | 21.3 | 22.2 | 21.9 | 23.2 | 22.4 | 19.1 |
Réunion | France | 28.3 | 24.1 | 24.4 | 27.1 | 28.9 | 29.6 | 28.6 | 28.9 | 26.4 | 24.1 | 22.4 | 22.8 | 24.3 |
Mayotte | France | 19.4 | 20.3 | 25.3 | 29.7 | 29.6 | 35.1 | |||||||
Adriatic Croatia | Croatia | 9.4 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 9.6 | 11.1 | 13.3 | 14.8 | 15.0 | 17.2 | 16.8 | 14.2 | 10.9 | 9.4 |
Continental Croatia | Croatia | 10.6 | 10.3 | 8.5 | 9.0 | 11.9 | 13.9 | 16.5 | 18.3 | 17.3 | 15.9 | 12.6 | 11.4 | 8.0 |
Piedmont | Italy | 4.1 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 6.8 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 9.2 | 10.5 | 11.3 | 10.2 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 8.2 |
Aosta Valley | Italy | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 7.1 | 8.3 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 8.7 | 7.8 | 7.0 |
Liguria | Italy | 4.8 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 8.1 | 9.8 | 10.8 | 9.2 | 9.7 | 9.5 | 9.9 |
Lombardy | Italy | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 7.4 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 6.4 | 6.0 |
South Tyrol | Italy | 2.6 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.9 |
Trentino | Italy | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 5.7 | 4.8 |
Veneto | Italy | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 4.7 | 5.7 | 4.9 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 6.4 |
Friuli-Venezia Giulia | Italy | 3.5 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 6.7 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 6.7 | 6.7 |
Emilia-Romagna | Italy | 3.4 | 2.8 | 3.2 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 7.0 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 6.9 | 6.5 | 5.9 |
Tuscany | Italy | 4.8 | 4.4 | 5.0 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 7.8 | 8.7 | 10.1 | 9.2 | 9.5 | 8.6 | 7.3 |
Umbria | Italy | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 9.5 | 10.3 | 11.3 | 10.4 | 9.6 | 10.5 | 9.2 |
Marche | Italy | 4.6 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 6.6 | 5.7 | 6.8 | 9.1 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 10.6 | 10.6 | 8.1 |
Lazio | Italy | 7.5 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 8.4 | 9.2 | 8.7 | 10.6 | 12.0 | 12.5 | 11.8 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 11.1 |
Abruzzo | Italy | 6.6 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 8.7 | 8.6 | 10.8 | 11.3 | 12.6 | 12.6 | 12.1 | 11.7 | 10.8 |
Molise | Italy | 9.9 | 8.1 | 9.1 | 9.0 | 8.4 | 9.9 | 12.0 | 15.6 | 15.2 | 14.3 | 12.8 | 14.6 | 13.0 |
Campania | Italy | 12.8 | 11.2 | 12.5 | 12.9 | 13.9 | 15.4 | 19.2 | 21.5 | 21.7 | 19.8 | 20.4 | 20.9 | 20.4 |
Apulia | Italy | 12.6 | 11.1 | 11.6 | 12.6 | 13.5 | 13.2 | 15.7 | 19.7 | 21.5 | 19.7 | 19.4 | 18.8 | 16.0 |
Basilicata | Italy | 10.6 | 9.4 | 11.0 | 11.2 | 12.9 | 11.9 | 14.5 | 15.2 | 14.7 | 13.7 | 13.3 | 12.8 | 12.5 |
Calabria | Italy | 12.8 | 11.1 | 12.0 | 11.3 | 11.9 | 12.7 | 19.4 | 22.3 | 23.4 | 22.9 | 23.2 | 21.6 | 21.6 |
Sicily | Italy | 13.4 | 12.9 | 13.7 | 13.8 | 14.6 | 14.3 | 18.4 | 21.0 | 22.2 | 21.4 | 22.1 | 21.5 | 21.5 |
Sardinia | Italy | 10.7 | 9.8 | 12.2 | 13.2 | 14.0 | 13.5 | 15.4 | 17.5 | 18.6 | 17.4 | 17.3 | 17.0 | 15.4 |
Cyprus | Cyprus | 4.5 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 5.4 | 6.3 | 7.9 | 11.8 | 15.9 | 16.1 | 14.9 | 12.9 | 11.1 | 8.4 |
Latvia | Latvia | 7.0 | 6.1 | 7.7 | 17.5 | 19.5 | 16.2 | 15.0 | 11.9 | 10.8 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 7.4 |
Middle and Western Lithuania | Lithuania | 6.3 | 4.9 | 6.3 | 15.3 | 18.8 | 16.3 | 14.2 | 12.6 | 11.6 | 9.8 | 8.8 | 8.1 | 6.9 |
Vilnius County | Lithuania | 4.9 | 3.6 | 5.1 | 12.6 | 15.5 | 13.1 | 11.9 | 9.7 | 8.5 | 7.6 | 5.6 | 4.8 | 4.6 |
Luxembourg | Luxembourg | 4.7 | 4.1 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.6 |
Budapest | Hungary | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 6.3 | 8.4 | 8.5 | 9.0 | 8.5 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 3.1 |
Pest County | Hungary | 5.4 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 7.3 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 9.1 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.2 |
Central Transdanubia | Hungary | 6.0 | 4.9 | 5.8 | 9.2 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 8.7 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 2.2 | 2.2 |
Western Transdanubia | Hungary | 5.8 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 4.6 | 3.8 | 2.7 | 2.4 | 2.0 |
Southern Transdanubia | Hungary | 9.2 | 9.9 | 10.3 | 11.2 | 12.4 | 12.9 | 12.1 | 9.3 | 7.8 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.6 |
Northern Hungary | Hungary | 10.9 | 12.6 | 13.3 | 15.3 | 16.2 | 16.4 | 16.1 | 12.6 | 10.4 | 8.7 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 4.7 |
Northern Great Plain | Hungary | 10.9 | 10.7 | 12.1 | 14.1 | 14.4 | 14.6 | 13.9 | 14.2 | 11.8 | 10.9 | 9.3 | 7.4 | 6.6 |
Southern Great Plain | Hungary | 8.0 | 8.0 | 8.7 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 11.0 | 9.0 | 7.9 | 5.6 | 4.1 | 3.3 |
Malta | Malta | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 3.7 |
Groningen | Netherlands | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 9.1 | 8.2 | 7.2 | 5.5 |
Friesland | Netherlands | 4.2 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.5 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 6.4 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 6.7 | 5.5 | 4.7 |
Drenthe | Netherlands | 4.6 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 5.3 | 6.4 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 4.1 |
Overijssel | Netherlands | 4.0 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 6.2 | 5.1 | 3.7 |
Gelderland | Netherlands | 3.3 | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 4.5 | 3.3 |
Flevoland | Netherlands | 5.2 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 7.3 | 9.9 | 11.0 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 5.7 | 4.5 |
Utrecht | Netherlands | 3.3 | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 4.2 | 5.2 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 3.4 |
North Holland | Netherlands | 3.8 | 2.8 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 6.2 | 5.2 | 4.5 | 3.8 |
South Holland | Netherlands | 4.4 | 3.5 | 3.0 | 3.6 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 5.5 | 4.3 |
Zeeland | Netherlands | 2.7 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 3.9 | 2.9 | 2.7 |
North Brabant | Netherlands | 3.4 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 4.2 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 5.3 | 4.2 | 3.4 |
Limburg | Netherlands | 4.5 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 7.4 | 7.4 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 4.7 | 3.4 |
Burgenland | Austria | 5.3 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 4.2 |
Lower Austria | Austria | 4.5 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 3.8 |
Vienna | Austria | 9.7 | 9.2 | 7.3 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 8.0 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 11.3 | 10.4 | 10.0 |
Carinthia | Austria | 4.7 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 4.1 |
Styria | Austria | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.0 |
Upper Austria | Austria | 3.6 | 3.4 | 2.7 | 4.2 | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 3.2 |
Salzburg | Austria | 3.5 | 3.5 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 2.8 |
Tyrol | Austria | 3.2 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 2.4 |
Vorarlberg | Austria | 5.0 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 5.6 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.3 |
Lesser Poland | Poland | 12.6 | 8.5 | 6.2 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 10.4 | 10.9 | 9.1 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 2.9 |
Silesia | Poland | 14.2 | 8.1 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 8.6 | 7.2 | 5.4 | 3.9 | 3.4 |
Greater Poland | Poland | 12.7 | 8.3 | 6.1 | 7.5 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 7.7 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 3.1 | 2.2 |
West Pomerania | Poland | 17.2 | 11.5 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 12.4 | 11.8 | 10.9 | 10.1 | 8.4 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 4.6 | 3.8 |
Lubusz | Poland | 14.0 | 9.8 | 6.5 | 9.6 | 10.6 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 9.7 | 8.3 | 6.4 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 3.0 |
Lower Silesia | Poland | 17.3 | 12.7 | 9.1 | 10.1 | 11.3 | 10.6 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 9.1 | 7.0 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 3.3 |
Opole | Poland | 13.5 | 9.4 | 6.5 | 9.9 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 7.8 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 3.2 |
Kuyavian-Pomerania | Poland | 16.2 | 11.3 | 9.1 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 11.0 | 11.9 | 12.4 | 10.7 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 5.5 | 4.3 |
Warmian-Masuria | Poland | 16.0 | 10.5 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 9.7 | 9.6 | 11.0 | 11.4 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 7.2 | 5.6 |
Pomerania | Poland | 13.8 | 9.5 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 9.3 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 10.0 | 8.6 | 5.7 | 4.2 | 3.0 |
Łódź | Poland | 13.4 | 9.3 | 6.7 | 7.6 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 8.9 | 7.7 | 5.5 | 4.6 | 4.3 |
Świętokrzyskie | Poland | 15.5 | 12.1 | 8.8 | 10.8 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 13.1 | 13.0 | 11.4 | 10.1 | 8.9 | 7.0 | 5.8 |
Lublin | Poland | 12.8 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 10.3 | 9.9 | 9.3 | 8.0 | 7.2 | 6.3 |
Podkarpackie | Poland | 13.7 | 9.6 | 8.2 | 10.1 | 11.6 | 12.4 | 13.2 | 14.4 | 14.0 | 11.6 | 9.6 | 8.4 | 6.5 |
Podlaskie | Poland | 11.3 | 8.9 | 6.4 | 7.1 | 10.2 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 9.1 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 4.7 | 3.2 |
Warsaw | Poland | 5.9 | 5.8 | 4.9 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 2.4 | |||||||
Masovia | Poland | 10.5 | 8.9 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 6.4 | 5.7 | |||||||
Norte | Portugal | 8.8 | 9.3 | 8.6 | 10.9 | 12.6 | 13.0 | 16.0 | 17.1 | 14.8 | 13.7 | 12.0 | 9.8 | 7.3 |
Algarve | Portugal | 5.5 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 10.4 | 13.4 | 15.4 | 17.6 | 16.9 | 14.5 | 12.5 | 9.2 | 7.7 | 6.4 |
Centro | Portugal | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 6.8 | 7.6 | 10.0 | 11.7 | 11.4 | 10.6 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 6.9 | 5.6 |
Lisbon Metropolitan Area | Portugal | 8.5 | 8.9 | 8.2 | 9.8 | 11.3 | 14.1 | 17.6 | 18.5 | 14.9 | 13.1 | 11.9 | 9.5 | 7.4 |
Alentejo | Portugal | 9.1 | 8.4 | 8.9 | 10.5 | 11.4 | 12.4 | 16.0 | 16.9 | 14.3 | 13.3 | 12.1 | 8.4 | 7.2 |
Azores | Portugal | 4.7 | 4.3 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 11.3 | 15.1 | 17.0 | 16.3 | 12.8 | 11.1 | 9.0 | 8.6 |
Madeira | Portugal | 5.3 | 6.8 | 5.9 | 7.5 | 7.4 | 13.5 | 17.2 | 18.1 | 15.0 | 14.7 | 12.9 | 10.4 | 8.8 |
Nord-Vest | Romania | 5.9 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 3.6 | 2.9 |
Centru | Romania | 9.0 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 10.7 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.2 | 7.4 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 |
Nord-Est | Romania | 5.9 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.4 |
Sud-Est | Romania | 9.0 | 8.5 | 7.2 | 7.5 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 9.0 | 7.7 | 6.5 | 6.1 |
Sud - Muntenia | Romania | 9.4 | 8.2 | 6.8 | 8.0 | 7.8 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 9.0 | 10.3 | 8.9 | 6.8 | 5.5 |
Bucharest - Ilfov | Romania | 4.8 | 4.1 | 3.4 | 4.0 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 8.0 | 7.2 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 3.6 |
Sud-Vest | Romania | 7.1 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 7.7 | 6.4 |
Vest | Romania | 6.4 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 3.6 |
Eastern Slovenia | Slovenia | 5.6 | 5.2 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 11.3 | 11.0 | 10.3 | 8.9 | 6.8 | 5.4 | |
Western Slovenia | Slovenia | 3.9 | 3.4 | 4.8 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 8.1 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 6.3 | 4.7 | |
Bratislava | Slovakia | 4.6 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 4.6 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 4.2 | 2.9 |
Western Slovakia | Slovakia | 9.8 | 7.8 | 6.4 | 9.9 | 12.7 | 10.7 | 11.3 | 11.7 | 11.0 | 9.7 | 7.7 | 5.5 | 4.3 |
Central Slovakia | Slovakia | 16.4 | 15.3 | 13.1 | 14.6 | 16.5 | 15.9 | 16.2 | 16.8 | 15.9 | 12.8 | 10.8 | 9.4 | 7.5 |
Eastern Slovakia | Slovakia | 19.1 | 14.9 | 13.2 | 15.9 | 18.5 | 18.7 | 19.0 | 18.5 | 16.6 | 15.0 | 13.2 | 12.0 | 10.1 |
Western Finland | Finland | 7.8 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.5 | 8.7 | 9.8 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 7.4 |
Helsinki-Uusimaa | Finland | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 8.0 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 6.9 |
Southern Finland | Finland | 7.7 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 9.1 | 8.5 | 7.5 | 8.4 | 9.4 | 10.0 | 8.5 | 8.5 | 7.4 |
North Karelia and Eastern Finland | Finland | 10.8 | 9.9 | 8.7 | 10.5 | 10.1 | 9.4 | 9.5 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 10.4 | 10.2 | 9.6 | 8.1 |
Stockholm | Sweden | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 6.8 | 7.2 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 5.6 |
East Middle Sweden | Sweden | 7.3 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 8.4 | 8.6 | 8.8 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.3 |
Småland and the islands | Sweden | 5.9 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 5.9 |
South Sweden | Sweden | 8.2 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 8.7 | 8.8 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9.9 | 10.0 | 9.5 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.3 |
West Sweden | Sweden | 6.8 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 8.6 | 8.7 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 5.8 |
North Middle Sweden | Sweden | 7.9 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 9.4 | 9.0 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 8.8 | 8.6 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 6.4 |
Middle Norrland | Sweden | 7.3 | 6.3 | 7.1 | 8.9 | 10.3 | 8.8 | 8.4 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 7.5 | 6.9 | 5.2 |
Upper Norrland | Sweden | 8.5 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 8.0 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 5.0 |
Tees Valley and Durham | United Kingdom | 5.8 | 6.0 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 9.1 | 11.8 | 11.5 | 10.9 | 9.8 | 8.5 | 6.9 | 5.2 | 4.4 |
Northumberland and Tyne and Wear | United Kingdom | 6.9 | 6.2 | 7.2 | 9.8 | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 8.3 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 5.8 | 5.2 |
Cumbria | United Kingdom | 4.3 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 6.4 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.2 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 1.9 |
Greater Manchester | United Kingdom | 5.4 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 9.5 | 8.7 | 9.7 | 10.1 | 9.4 | 7.9 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 |
Lancashire | United Kingdom | 4.9 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 7.2 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 6.5 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.8 |
Cheshire | United Kingdom | 3.3 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 3.2 |
Merseyside | United Kingdom | 6.4 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 9.6 | 10.5 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 8.9 | 7.4 | 5.8 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 4.0 |
East Yorkshire | United Kingdom | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.1 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 9.7 | 8.3 | 8.0 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 4.6 | 5.6 |
North Yorkshire | United Kingdom | 4.0 | 3.4 | 2.8 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 5.0 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 4.1 | 3.2 |
South Yorkshire | United Kingdom | 7.0 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 9.6 | 9.4 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 8.8 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 5.6 | 5.0 |
West Yorkshire | United Kingdom | 5.5 | 5.6 | 6.4 | 8.6 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 4.7 |
Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire | United Kingdom | 5.5 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 8.3 | 7.2 | 6.1 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 3.6 | 4.4 |
Leicestershire, Rutland and Northamptonshire | United Kingdom | 5.1 | 4.6 | 6.0 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 7.8 | 5.3 | 4.4 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.2 |
Lincolnshire | United Kingdom | 4.7 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 4.9 | 6.5 | 8.5 | 6.4 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 3.7 | 4.2 |
Herefordshire, Worcestershire and Warwickshire | United Kingdom | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 3.0 |
Shropshire and Staffordshire | United Kingdom | 4.2 | 5.3 | 4.4 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.9 | 3.7 |
West Midlands | United Kingdom | 7.9 | 8.1 | 9.3 | 13.0 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.7 | 13.0 | 9.7 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 6.5 |
East Anglia | United Kingdom | 4.7 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.5 |
Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire | United Kingdom | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 2.9 |
Essex | United Kingdom | 4.6 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 6.8 | 7.4 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.2 | 2.8 |
Inner London - West | United Kingdom | 8.1 | 7.7 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 5.1 | ||||
Inner London - East | United Kingdom | 10.9 | 12.0 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 7.8 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 5.3 | 4.3 | ||||
Outer London - East and North East | United Kingdom | 10.0 | 11.1 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 4.6 | ||||
Outer London - South | United Kingdom | 7.1 | 8.2 | 7.3 | 7.4 | 5.9 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.9 | 4.7 | ||||
Outer London - West and North West | United Kingdom | 8.6 | 8.5 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | ||||
Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire | United Kingdom | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.1 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.0 |
Surrey, East Sussex and West Sussex | United Kingdom | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.4 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 4.6 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 3.6 |
Hampshire and Isle of Wight | United Kingdom | 4.6 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 3.7 | 3.1 | 2.7 |
Kent | United Kingdom | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 4.3 |
Gloucestershire, Wiltshire and Bristol | United Kingdom | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 2.9 |
Dorset and Somerset | United Kingdom | 3.7 | 3.7 | 4.1 | 6.5 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 2.8 | 3.1 |
Cornwall and Isles of Scilly | United Kingdom | 3.9 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 3.7 | 2.4 | 2.6 |
Devon | United Kingdom | 4.4 | 4.7 | 3.8 | 7.1 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 3.3 |
West Wales and the Valleys | United Kingdom | 5.4 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 9.2 | 7.8 | 6.9 | 6.5 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 4.9 |
East Wales | United Kingdom | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.6 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 6.5 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 6.1 | 4.8 | 3.6 | 4.3 | 2.7 |
Eastern Scotland | United Kingdom | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 7.4 | 7.6 | 7.2 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 4.8 | 3.9 | 3.6 |
West Central Scotland | United Kingdom | 8.1 | 7.8 | 7.0 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 5.1 | |||||||
Southern Scotland | United Kingdom | 7.8 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 4.7 | 3.2 | |||||||
Scottish Highlands and islands | United Kingdom | 3.2 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 4.3 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 8.1 | 5.6 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.7 | 2.5 | 2.2 |
Northern Ireland | United Kingdom | 4.3 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 6.4 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.4 | 7.2 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 3.6 |
Iceland | Iceland | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 7.2 | 7.6 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
Oslo and Akershus | Norway | 3.5 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.2 |
Hedmark and Oppland | Norway | 3.1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 3.2 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 2.8 | 2.9 |
Sør-Østlandet | Norway | 4.0 | 2.9 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 4.4 | 3.7 |
Rogaland, Vest-Agder & Aust-Agder | Norway | 2.9 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 4.6 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 4.4 |
Vestlandet | Norway | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 4.0 | 3.8 |
Trøndelag | Norway | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 2.9 | 3.1 |
Nord-Norge | Norway | 3.8 | 2.7 | 2.9 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.2 |
Lake Geneva | Switzerland | 5.2 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 5.9 | 7.2 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 7.4 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 7.5 |
Espace Mittelland | Switzerland | 3.7 | 4.1 | 3.3 | 3.6 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.3 |
Northwestern Switzerland | Switzerland | 4.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 4.5 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.4 | 4.2 |
Zurich metropolitan area | Switzerland | 3.8 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 4.4 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.4 | 4.3 |
Eastern Switzerland | Switzerland | 3.6 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.4 | 3.8 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.6 |
Central Switzerland | Switzerland | 2.7 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.9 |
Ticino | Switzerland | 5.3 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 7.4 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.0 | 6.6 |
Montenegro | Montenegro | 19.7 | 20.0 | 19.5 | 18.0 | 17.5 | 17.7 | 16.1 | 15.2 | |||||
North Macedonia | North Macedonia | 36.0 | 34.9 | 33.8 | 32.2 | 32.0 | 31.4 | 31.0 | 29.0 | 28.0 | 26.1 | 23.7 | 22.4 | 20.7 |
Belgrade | Serbia | 17.8 | 17.2 | 18.7 | 15.7 | 13.3 | 10.9 | |||||||
Vojvodina | Serbia | 23.9 | 19.9 | 16.6 | 15.1 | 12.2 | 10.5 | |||||||
Šumadija and Western Serbia | Serbia | 22.3 | 18.0 | 16.8 | 14.7 | 13.6 | 13.8 | |||||||
Southern and Eastern Serbia | Serbia | 24.0 | 22.1 | 18.8 | 15.8 | 15.2 | 16.2 | |||||||
Istanbul | Turkey | 10.5 | 9.4 | 10.0 | 15.9 | 13.5 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 11.9 | 12.8 | 13.5 | 13.8 | 12.4 |
Tekirdağ, Edirne and Kırklareli | Turkey | 6.8 | 6.5 | 9.9 | 11.6 | 8.4 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 7.6 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 7.5 |
Balıkesir and Çanakkale | Turkey | 4.9 | 4.6 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 4.3 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 5.7 |
İzmir | Turkey | 10.3 | 9.3 | 10.9 | 10.9 | 15.4 | 14.1 | 13.7 | 14.3 | 13.8 | 14.9 | 13.9 | 14.0 | 13.7 |
Aydın, Denizli and Muğla | Turkey | 5.3 | 8.2 | 9.6 | 12.8 | 10.3 | 7.5 | 6.6 | 6.0 | 7.2 | 6.8 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 6.9 |
Manisa, Afyonkarahisar and Kütahya | Turkey | 6.2 | 5.6 | 7.0 | 9.6 | 6.8 | 4.5 | 4.1 | 5.2 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 6.1 | 6.8 |
Bursa, Eskişehir and Bilecik | Turkey | 7.3 | 7.4 | 9.7 | 12.6 | 9.2 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 7.7 | 9.0 | 9.7 | 8.9 |
Kocaeli, Sakarya, Düzce and Bolu | Turkey | 10.3 | 10.2 | 9.7 | 12.8 | 11.1 | 10.6 | 8.9 | 9.0 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 10.8 | 10.1 |
Ankara | Turkey | 11.4 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 12.2 | 10.7 | 8.5 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 11.3 | 11.3 | 10.1 |
Konya and Karaman | Turkey | 9.2 | 8.9 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 7.1 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 3.8 | 5.5 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.8 |
Antalya, Isparta, Burdur | Turkey | 6.4 | 6.2 | 8.5 | 10.1 | 9.8 | 8.7 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 8.4 | 9.4 | 11.4 | 11.9 | 11.4 |
Adana and Mersin | Turkey | 14.3 | 13.0 | 14.4 | 19.9 | 14.9 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 11.3 | 10.7 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 10.6 | 11.2 |
Hatay, Kahramanmaraş and Osmaniye | Turkey | 9.5 | 9.7 | 14.1 | 14.8 | 11.7 | 10.5 | 9.0 | 10.8 | 15.3 | 16.3 | 14.4 | 11.5 | 14.1 |
Kırıkkale, Aksaray, Niğde and Nevşehir | Turkey | 9.2 | 7.1 | 8.1 | 14.2 | 9.0 | 7.0 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 7.6 | 9.9 | 13.4 | 11.3 | 10.8 |
Kayseri, Sivas and Yozgat | Turkey | 9.5 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 11.2 | 12.3 | 9.8 | 7.3 | 8.4 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 8.3 | 11.7 | 13.0 |
Zonguldak, Karabük and Bartın | Turkey | 4.8 | 7.0 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 10.2 | 6.9 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.9 | 8.7 | 7.2 | 8.1 |
Kastamonu, Çankırı and Sinop | Turkey | 3.9 | 3.2 | 4.9 | 8.4 | 7.5 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 5.7 | 4.5 | 5.1 |
Samsun, Tokat, Çorum and Amasya | Turkey | 5.7 | 7.1 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 7.9 | 6.7 | 6.4 |
Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun and Rize | Turkey | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 6.0 | 6.2 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 3.5 | 6.1 |
Erzurum, Erzincan and Bayburt | Turkey | 3.9 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 7.3 | 6.0 | 4.9 | 5.3 | 7.4 |
Ağrı, Kars, Iğdır and Ardahan | Turkey | 3.3 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 7.5 | 8.7 | 9.1 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 5.3 |
Malatya, Elazığ, Bingöl and Tunceli | Turkey | 10.5 | 10.6 | 12.3 | 14.8 | 10.6 | 7.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 7.9 | 7.9 | 8.8 | 6.8 | 8.0 |
Van, Muş, Bitlis and Hakkâri | Turkey | 6.9 | 11.4 | 12.6 | 14.6 | 15.5 | 11.0 | 7.5 | 9.2 | 13.4 | 9.7 | 9.1 | 12.6 | 21.6 |
Gaziantep, Adıyaman and Kilis | Turkey | 12.6 | 16.9 | 15.0 | 14.3 | 11.4 | 13.2 | 10.6 | 6.2 | 8.1 | 9.7 | 13.9 | 14.3 | 12.3 |
Şanlıurfa and Diyarbakır | Turkey | 10.8 | 12.9 | 12.8 | 16.7 | 11.1 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 16.0 | 17.5 | 17.4 | 17.2 | 13.8 | 18.6 |
Mardin, Batman, Şırnak and Siirt | Turkey | 13.5 | 18.0 | 15.8 | 13.8 | 10.4 | 10.3 | 18.8 | 19.4 | 24.0 | 24.4 | 28.1 | 26.9 | 24.8 |
The economy of Malta is a highly industrialised service-based economy. It is classified as an advanced economy by the International Monetary Fund and is considered a high-income country by the World Bank and an innovation-driven economy by the World Economic Forum. It is a member of the European Union and of the eurozone, having formally adopted the euro on 1 January 2008.
The economy of Poland is an industrialised, mixed economy with a developed market that serves as the sixth-largest in the European Union by nominal GDP and fifth-largest by GDP (PPP). Poland boasts the extensive public services characteristic of most developed economies. Since 1988, Poland has pursued a policy of economic liberalisation but retained an advanced public welfare system. This includes universal free public healthcare and education, extensive provisions of free public childcare, and parental leave. The country is considered by many to be a successful post-communist state. It is classified as a high-income economy by the World Bank, ranking 20th worldwide in terms of GDP (PPP), 21st in terms of GDP (nominal), and 21st in the 2023 Economic Complexity Index.
The economy of Slovakia is based upon Slovakia becoming an EU member state in 2004, and adopting the euro at the beginning of 2009. Its capital, Bratislava, is the largest financial centre in Slovakia. As of Q1 2018, the unemployment rate was 5.72%.
The economy of Belgium is a highly developed, high-income, mixed economy.
Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics or NUTS is a geocode standard for referencing the administrative divisions of countries for statistical purposes. The standard, adopted in 2003, is developed and regulated by the European Union, and thus only covers the EU member states in detail. The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics is instrumental in the European Union's Structural Funds and Cohesion Fund delivery mechanisms and for locating the area where goods and services subject to European public procurement legislation are to be delivered.
The economy of the European Union is the joint economy of the member states of the European Union (EU). It is the second largest economy in the world in nominal terms, after the United States and the third one in purchasing power parity (PPP) terms, after China and the United States. The European Union's GDP estimated to be around $19.35 trillion (nominal) in 2024 and $26.64 trillion(PPP) representing around one sixth of the global economy. Germany has the biggest national GDP of all EU countries, followed by France and Italy.
Ireland uses the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) geocode standard for referencing country subdivisions for statistical purposes. The standard is developed and regulated by the European Union. The NUTS standard is instrumental in delivering European Structural and Investment Funds. The NUTS code for Ireland is IE and a hierarchy of three levels is established by Eurostat. A further level of geographic organisation, the local administrative unit (LAU), in Ireland is the local electoral area.
Insular Italy is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first level NUTS region and a European Parliament constituency. Insular Italy encompasses two of the country's 20 regions: Sardinia and Sicily.
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The Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS) is developed by Eurostat, and employed in both Portugal and the entire European Union for statistical purposes. The NUTS branch extends from NUTS1, NUTS2 and NUTS3 regions, with the complementary LAU sub-categorization being used to differentiate the local areas, of trans-national importance.
As a candidate country of the European Union, Turkey (TR) is included in the Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics (NUTS). Defined in 2002 in agreement between Eurostat and the Turkish authorities, Turkey's NUTS classifications are officially termed statistical regions, as Turkey is not a member of the EU and Eurostat only defines NUTS for member states. The three NUTS levels are:
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Unemployment in Poland appeared in the 19th century during industrialization, and was particularly severe during the Great Depression. Under communist rule Poland officially had close to full employment, although hidden unemployment existed. After Poland's transition to a market economy the unemployment rate sharply increased, peaking at above 16% in 1993, then dropped afterwards, but remained well above pre-1993 levels. Another period of high unemployment occurred in the early 2000s when the rate reached 20%. As Poland entered the European Union (EU) and its job market in 2004, the high unemployment set off a wave of emigration, and as a result domestic unemployment started a downward trend that continued until the onset of the 2008 Great Recession. Recent years have seen an increase in the unemployment rate from below 8% to above 10% (Eurostat) or from below 10% to 13% (GUS). The rate began dropping again in late 2013. Polish government (GUS) reported 9.6% registered unemployment in November 2015, while European Union's Eurostat gave 7.2%. According to Eurostat data, since 2008, unemployment in Poland has been constantly below the EU average. Significant regional differences in the unemployment rate exist across Poland.
Youth unemployment in Italy discusses the statistics, trends, causes and consequences of unemployment among young Italians. Italy displays one of the highest rates of youth unemployment among the 35 member countries of the Organization of Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). The Italian youth unemployment rate started raising dramatically since the 2008 financial crisis reaching its peak of 42.67% in 2014. In 2017, among the EU member states, the youth unemployment rate of Italy (35.1%) was exceeded by only Spain and Greece. The Italian youth unemployment rate was more than the double of the total EU average rate of 16.7% in 2017. While youth unemployment is extremely high compared to EU standards, the Italian total unemployment rate (11.1%) is closer to EU average (7.4%).