List of Jewish Major League Baseball players

Last updated

Hank Greenberg 1940.jpg
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Hank Greenberg (left) and Sandy Koufax (right), the only Jewish baseball players to be elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame

Jewish players have played in Major League Baseball since the league came into existence in the late 19th century, and have a long and storied history within the game. There have been 190 players who identified as Jewish during their Major League career, including players who converted during or before their careers, and players who have or had at least one Jewish parent, and identified as Jewish by virtue of their parentage.

Contents

In the early years, Jewish baseball players faced constant antisemitic heckles from opponents and fans, with many hiding their heritage to avoid discrimination in the league. Despite this, a number of Jewish players overcame such abuse and went on to become stars. Two such players, Hank Greenberg and Sandy Koufax, were both elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame and are widely considered to be amongst the most important and iconic players in baseball and American history. The sport played a large part in the assimilation of American Jews into American society at a time of rampant antisemitism, and remains a very important part in Jewish American culture today.

The criteria for this list have been taken from the Jewish Baseball Museum, a virtual museum dedicated to the preservation and recording of Jewish history and the involvement of Jews in baseball. The list includes players who identified as Jewish during their careers. Where the player has one parent who is Jewish and also identifies as Jewish or has converted before or during their careers, it is noted as such. Players who converted after their careers had ended or did not identify as Jewish despite having Jewish parentage are not listed. [1]

History of Jews in Major League Baseball

Jewish players have played in Major League Baseball since the league came into existence, with Lip Pike being the first. With the surge of Jewish immigrants from Europe to the United States at the turn of the 20th century, baseball, then the most popular sport in the country and referred to as the "National Pastime", became a way for children of Jewish immigrants to assimilate into American life. [2] Sportswriter Jon Wertheim described baseball as being "interwoven with the American Jewish experience". [3] Baseball historian John Thorn described it as an "agent of integration". [4]

For many years, Jewish players who made it to the Major Leagues often changed their names and hid their identities in order to avoid antisemitism, at the time rampant in the country and the league. Industrialist Henry Ford, during the Black Sox Scandal and the alleged involvement of Jewish crime boss Arnold Rothstein in the fixing of the 1919 World Series, famously wrote about the gambling scene that was widespread in the sport at the time: "If fans wish to know the trouble with American baseball they have it in three words—too much Jew." [4]

It was not until Hank Greenberg, the son of Orthodox Romanian-Jewish immigrants, broke into the Majors in 1930 with the Detroit Tigers that Jewish players stopped hiding their identities. [2] Greenberg played in Detroit, which was home to Father Coughlin, a Catholic priest who used his radio program to broadcast antisemitic commentary, and Henry Ford who spread antisemitism through his newspaper The Dearborn Independent . He faced verbal abuse from opposing benches and fans. However, Greenberg never hid his Jewish identity, famously sitting out a game during a tight pennant race in 1934 due to it falling on Yom Kippur. He became the first Jewish player elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame. [5]

After Greenberg, many Jewish players went on to become stars in the Jewish American communities. The most famous of those was Sandy Koufax of the Los Angeles Dodgers, widely considered to be one of the greatest pitchers in baseball history, who later became the second Jewish player elected to the Hall of Fame. Like Greenberg, Koufax never pitched during the High Holy Days, famously sitting out Game 1 of the 1965 World Series because it fell on Yom Kippur. [6] Rabbi Rebecca Alpert stated that Koufax, who faced antisemitism as well, helped break stereotypes of Jewish men who were seen as being weak and bookish. His decision to sit out a World Series game became one of the most iconic moments for American Jews, making him "an important role model, and a real hero." [2]

Since Greenberg and Koufax, Thorn noted that Jewish baseball fans have become known for paying close attention to Jewish baseball players, both upcoming stars and prospects, and that there are sets of Major League Baseball cards dedicated to every Jewish player who has played in the Major Leagues, indicating the continuing importance of the game in the Jewish community. [7]

In 2010, a documentary film called Jews and Baseball: An American Love Story was released which discussed the relationship between baseball and American Jews in detail. While Greenberg and Koufax were the main subjects of the film, the movie also discussed how baseball was used to fight against stereotypes of Jews as non-athletic and bookish. It also talked about Jewish immigration and assimilation into American society as well as Jewish stars and notable players besides the two Hall of Famers, such as Al Rosen, Moe Berg, Kevin Youkilis, and Ryan Braun. [8]

List of players

A–F

A–F
NamePositionMajor League team(s)Years activeNotesRef.
Cal Abrams Outfielder1949–1956 [9] [10]
Lloyd Allen Pitcher1969–1975
  • Converted to Judaism
 [11]
Rubén Amaro Jr. Outfielder1991–1998
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [12] [13]
Morrie Arnovich Outfielder1936–1941, 1946
 [10] [14]
Brad Ausmus Catcher1993–2010
 [15] [16]
Harrison Bader Centerfielder2017–present
 [17] [18]
Jesse Baker Shortstop Washington Senators 1919
  • Born "Michael Myron Silverman"
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [19]
Brian Bark Pitcher Boston Red Sox 1995 [20]
Ross Baumgarten Pitcher1978–1982 [21]
José Bautista Pitcher1988–1997
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [12]
Joe Bennett Third baseman Philadelphia Phillies 1923
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [22]
Moe Berg Catcher1923–1939
 [23] [24]
Nate Berkenstock Right fielder Philadelphia Athletics 1871
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [25]
Jake Bird Pitcher Colorado Rockies 2022–present
  • Born to a Jewish father
 [17] [26]
Bob Berman Catcher Washington Senators 1918 [27]
Jeremy Bleich Pitcher Oakland Athletics 2018 [28]
Richard Bleier Pitcher2016–2023
 [17] [26]
Cy Block
    • Second baseman
    • Third baseman
 Chicago Cubs 1942, 1945–1946 [29]
Ron Blomberg
    • Designated hitter
    • First baseman
    • Right fielder
1969, 1971–1976, 1978 [30] [31]
Sam Bohne Second baseman1916, 1921–1926
  • Original surname was "Cohen"
 [32]
Henry Bostick Third baseman Philadelphia Athletics 1915
  • Original surname was "Lipschitz"
 [33]
Ryan Braun Outfielder Milwaukee Brewers 2007–2020
 [34]
Alex Bregman Third baseman Houston Astros 2016–present
 [35]
Craig Breslow Relief pitcher2005–2006, 2008–2017
 [36] [37]
Louis Brower Shortstop Detroit Tigers 1931 [38]
Conrad Cardinal Pitcher Houston Colt .45s 1963 [39]
Frank Charles Catcher Houston Astros 2000
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [40]
Harry Chozen Catcher Cincinnati Reds 1937 [41]
Tony Cogan Relief pitcher Kansas City Royals 2001 [40]
Alta Cohen Outfielder1931–1933 [42]
Andy Cohen Second baseman New York Giants 1926, 1928–1929 [10] [43]
Hy Cohen Pitcher Chicago Cubs 1955 [44]
Syd Cohen Pitcher Washington Senators 1934, 1936–1937 [45]
Dick Conger Pitcher1940–1943 [46]
Phil Cooney Third baseman New York Highlanders 1905
  • Original surname was "Cohen"
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [47]
Ed Corey Pitcher Chicago White Sox 1918
  • Original surname was "Cohen"
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [48]
Bill Cristall Pitcher Cleveland Blues 1901 [49]
Harry Danning Catcher New York Giants 1933–1942
 [50] [51]
Ike Danning Catcher St. Louis Browns 1928 [50]
Bob Davis Pitcher Kansas City Athletics 1958, 1960 [52]
Ike Davis First baseman2010–2016
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [53]
Cody Decker
    • First baseman
    • Outfielder
 San Diego Padres 2015 [54]
Scott Effross Pitcher2021–present [17] [55]
Harry Eisenstat Starting pitcher1935–1942 [56]
Mike Epstein First baseman1966–1974
 [14] [57]
Reuben Ewing Outfielder St. Louis Cardinals 1921
  • Original surname was "Cohen"
 [58]
Al Federoff Second baseman Detroit Tigers 1951–1952 [59]
Eddie Feinberg Utility player Philadelphia Phillies 1938–1939 [60]
Harry Feldman Pitcher New York Giants 1941–1946 [61]
Scott Feldman Pitcher2005–2017 [62]
Leo Fishel Pitcher New York Giants 1899 [63]
Jake Fishman Pitcher Miami Marlins 2022–present
 [26] [64]
Matt Ford Pitcher Milwaukee Brewers 2003 [65]
Happy Foreman Pitcher1924, 1926 [66]
Micah Franklin Outfielder St. Louis Cardinals 1997
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [67]
Moe Franklin Shortstop Detroit Tigers 1941–1942 [68]
Nate Freiman First baseman Oakland Athletics 2013–2014 [69] [70]
Max Fried Starting pitcher2017–present
 [71] [72]
Sam Fuld Outfielder2007, 2009–2015 [73]

G–P

G–P
NamePositionMajor League team(s)Years activeNotesRef.
Milt Galatzer Outfielder1933–1936, 1939 [74]
Zack Gelof Second baseman Oakland Athletics 2023–present [17] [75]
Mark Gilbert Outfielder Chicago White Sox 1985
 [76]
Joe Ginsberg Catcher1948, 1950–1954, 1956–1962 [77]
Keith Glauber Pitcher Cincinnati Reds 1998, 2000 [12]
Brad Goldberg Pitcher Chicago White Sox 2017 [78]
Jonah Goldman
    • Shortstop
    • Third baseman
 Cleveland Indians 1928–1931 [79]
Izzy Goldstein Pitcher Detroit Tigers 1932 [80]
Jake Goodman First baseman1878, 1882 [81]
Sid Gordon
    • Outfielder
    • Third baseman
1941–1943, 1946–1955
 [14] [82]
Herb Gorman Pinch hitter St. Louis Cardinals 1952
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [83]
John Grabow Relief pitcher2003–2011 [84] [85]
Shawn Green Right fielder1993–2007
 [86] [87]
Adam Greenberg Outfielder2005, 2012 [88]
Hank Greenberg
    • First baseman
    • Left fielder
1930, 1933–1941, 1945–1947
 [87] [89]
Dalton Guthrie Utility player Philadelphia Phillies 2022–2023
 [17]
Eric Helfand Catcher Oakland Athletics 1993–1995 [90]
Steve Hertz Third baseman Houston Colt .45s 1964 [91]
Jason Hirsh Pitcher2006–2008 [92]
Ken Holtzman Starting pitcher1965–1979
 [57] [93]
Spencer Horwitz First baseman2023–present [94]
Brian Horwitz Outfielder San Francisco Giants 2008 [95]
Bill Hurst Pitcher Florida Marlins 1996 [96]
Skip Jutze Catcher1972–1977
  • Converted to Judaism
 [97]
Ryan Kalish Outfielder2010, 2012, 2014, 2016
  • Born to a Jewish father; raised Catholic but no longer practicing and identifies as Jewish
 [98]
Rob Kaminsky Pitcher St. Louis Cardinals 2020
 [99]
Harry Kane Pitcher1902–1906
  • Original surname was "Kohn" or "Cohen"
 [100]
Gabe Kapler Outfielder2000–2005, 2005–2001
 [101]
Herb Karpel Pitcher New York Yankees 1946 [102]
Ty Kelly Utility player2016–2018
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [103] [104]
Ian Kinsler Second baseman2006–2019 [105] [106]
Alan Koch Pitcher1963–1964 [107]
Mike Koplove Pitcher2001–2007
  • Born to a Jewish father
 [40]
Sandy Koufax Starting pitcher Brooklyn / Los Angeles Dodgers 1955–1966
 [87] [108]
Brian Kowitz Outfielder Atlanta Braves 1995 [109]
Evan Kravetz Relief pitcher Cincinnati Reds 2024 [17] [110]
Dean Kremer Starting pitcher Baltimore Orioles 2020–present [111] [112]
Barry Latman Pitcher1957–1967
 [113]
Ryan Lavarnway Catcher2011–2021
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [114]
Max Lazar Relief pitcher Philadelphia Phillies 2024–present [115] [116]
Jim Levey Shortstop St. Louis Browns 1930–1933
 [117]
Al Levine Relief pitcher1996–2005 [40] [12]
Jesse Levis Catcher1992–2001 [12]
Mike Lieberthal Catcher1994–2007
 [118]
Lou Limmer First baseman Philadelphia Athletics 1951, 1954 [77] [119]
Andrew Lorraine Pitcher1994–1995, 1997–2000, 2002 [120]
Elliott Maddox
    • Outfielder
    • Third baseman
1970–1980
  • Converted to Judaism
 [14] [121]
Cy Malis Pitcher Philadelphia Phillies 1934
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [122]
Moxie Manuel Pitcher1905, 1908 [123]
Duke Markell Pitcher St. Louis Browns 1951
  • Born "Henri Duquesne Makowski"
 [124]
Jason Marquis Pitcher2000–2013, 2015
 [125] [126]
Ed Mayer Pitcher Chicago Cubs 1957–1958 [127]
Erskine Mayer Pitcher1912–1919 [14] [128]
Sam Mayer Outfielder Washington Senators 1915 [129]
Ed Mensor Outfielder Pittsburgh Pirates 1912–1914 [130]
Matt Mervis First baseman Chicago Cubs 2023–present [17]
Mike Milchin Pitcher1996 [131]
Norm Miller Right fielder1965–1974 [132]
Jon Moscot Pitcher Cincinnati Reds 2015–2016 [133]
Sam Nahem Pitcher1938, 1941–1942, 1948
  • Served in the U.S. Armed Forces during World War II from 1942 to 1945
 [134]
Jeff Newman
    • Catcher
    • First baseman
1976–1984
 [135]
Joc Pederson
    • Outfielder
    • Designated hitter
2014–present
 [136] [137]
Barney Pelty Pitcher1903–1912 [14] [138]
Israel Pike Outfielder Brooklyn Hartfords 1877
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [139]
Lip Pike
    • Outfielder
    • Second baseman
1871–1878, 1881, 1887
 [140] [141]
Kevin Pillar Outfielder2013–present
  • Born to a Jewish mother
  • Currently a free agent
 [142]
Jake Pitler Second baseman Pittsburgh Pirates 1917–1918 [10] [143]
Aaron Poreda Relief pitcher2009, 2014 [144]

R–Z

R–Z
NamePositionMajor League team(s)Years activeNotesRef.
Steve Ratzer Pitcher Montreal Expos 1980–1981 [145]
Jimmie Reese
    • Second baseman
    • Third baseman
1930–1932
  • Born "Hyman Solomon"
 [12] [146]
Al Richter Shortstop Boston Red Sox 1951, 1953 [147]
Dave Roberts Pitcher1969–1981
 [14] [148]
Saul Rogovin Pitcher1949–1953, 1955–1957 [77]
Al Rosen Third baseman Cleveland Indians 1947–1956
 [149]
Goody Rosen Outfielder1937–1939, 1944–1946
 [14] [150]
Harry Rosenberg Outfielder New York Giants 1930 [151]
Kenny Rosenberg Pitcher Los Angeles Angels 2022–2024
 [26] [17]
Lou Rosenberg
    • Second basemen
    • Shortstop
 Chicago White Sox 1923 [152]
Steve Rosenberg Pitcher1988–1991 [153]
Max Rosenfeld Outfielder Brooklyn Robins / Dodgers 1931–1933 [154]
Sy Rosenthal Outfielder Boston Red Sox 1925–1926 [155]
Wayne Rosenthal Pitcher Texas Rangers 1991–1992 [156]
Bubby Rossman Pitcher Philadelphia Phillies 2022 [26] [157]
Marv Rotblatt Pitcher Chicago White Sox 1948, 1950–1951 [158]
Mickey Rutner Third baseman Philadelphia Athletics 1947 [159]
Ryan Sadowski Pitcher San Francisco Giants 2009 [160]
Mike Saipe Pitcher Colorado Rockies 1998 [161]
Ike Samuels Third baseman St. Louis Browns 1895 [162]
Josh Satin Second baseman New York Mets 2011–2014 [163]
Moe Savransky Pitcher Cincinnati Redlegs 1954 [164]
Al Schacht Pitcher Washington Senators 1919–1921 [165]
Sid Schacht Pitcher1950–1951 [166]
Hal Schacker Pitcher Boston Braves 1945 [167]
Heinie Scheer Second baseman Philadelphia Athletics 1922–1923 [168]
Richie Scheinblum Outfielder1965, 1967–1969, 1971–1974
 [118]
Mike Schemer First baseman New York Giants 1945–1946 [169]
Scott Schoeneweis Pitcher1999–2010
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [12]
Mike Schwimer Pitcher Philadelphia Phillies 2011–2012 [170]
Art Shamsky
    • Outfielder
    • First baseman
1965–1972
 [171]
Dick Sharon Outfielder1973–1975
  • Born to a Jewish father
 [172]
Ryan Sherriff Pitcher2017–2023 [173]
Larry Sherry Relief pitcher1958–1969
 [14] [174]
Norm Sherry Catcher1959–1963 [174] [175]
Harry Shuman Pitcher1942–1944 [176]
Jared Shuster Pitcher2023–present [17] [177]
Al Silvera Left fielder Cincinnati Redlegs 1955–1956 [178]
Fred Sington Outfielder1934–1939 [179]
Mose Solomon Outfielder New York Giants 1923 [180]
Bill Starr Catcher Washington Senators 1935–1936 [181]
Jeff Stember Pitcher San Francisco Giants 1980 [182]
Adam Stern Outfielder2005–2006, 2010
  • Born to a Jewish father
 [150] [183]
Robert Stock Pitcher2018–2021 [184]
Steve Stone Starting pitcher1971–1981
 [14] [12]
Garrett Stubbs Catcher2019–present
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [17] [185]
Bud Swartz Pitcher St. Louis Browns 1947 [186]
Don Taussig Outfielder1958, 1961–1962 [187]
Rowdy Tellez First baseman2018–2024
 [17]
Bob Tufts Pitcher1981–1983
  • Converted to Judaism
 [118] [188]
Eddie Turchin
    • Shortstop
    • Third baseman
 Cleveland Indians 1943 [189]
Danny Valencia Third baseman2010–2018 [190] [191]
Steve Wapnick Pitcher1990, 1991 [192]
Justin Wayne Pitcher Florida Marlins 2002–2004 [193]
Lefty Weinert Pitcher1919–1924, 1927–1928, 1931 [194]
Phil Weintraub
    • First baseman
    • Outfielder
1933–1935, 1937–1938, 1944–1945 [158]
Zack Weiss Pitcher2018, 2022–2023
 [17]
Josh Whitesell First baseman Arizona Diamondbacks 2008–2009 [195]
Ed Wineapple Pitcher Washington Senators 1929
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [196]
Larry Yellen Pitcher Houston Colt .45s 1963–1964 [118]
Kevin Youkilis
    • First baseman
    • Third baseman
    • Left fielder
2004–2013
 [197]
Josh Zeid Pitcher Houston Astros 2013–2014 [158] [198]
Eddie Zosky Shortstop1991–1992, 1995, 1999, 2000
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [199]

See also

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References

  1. ↑ "The Roster". Jewish Baseball Museum . Archived from the original on April 29, 2024. Retrieved April 29, 2024. Who's Jewish? It's complicated. What qualifies a ballplayer for inclusion on this site? That's complicated, too. But if a player had a Jewish parent (or converted prior to or while active as a player) and identified himself as Jewish during his playing career, we're including him on our team. If you got a problem with that, consult a rabbi. Or an umpire.
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  3. ↑ Wertheim, Jon (March 13, 2014). "Forget Peanuts and Cracker Jack. What Jews Love About Baseball Is Jewish Players". Tablet . Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
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  5. ↑ Beschloss, Michael (July 26, 2014). "Hank Greenberg's Triumph Over Hate Speech". The New York Times . Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  6. ↑ Caple, Jim (October 9, 2015). "Sandy Koufax's refusal to pitch on Yom Kippur still resonates today". ESPN.com . Archived from the original on May 17, 2023. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  7. ↑ Silver, Stephen (September 15, 2020). "Major League Baseball's official historian on Jews in baseball". Jewish Telegraphic Agency . Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  8. ↑ Anderson, John (October 31, 2010). "Jews and Baseball: An American Love Story – Film Review". Variety . Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  9. ↑ Katz, Aaron R. (October 24, 2013). "'Mantle, Shmantle—Long as We Got Abrams'". Tablet . Archived from the original on May 5, 2024. Retrieved May 5, 2024.
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Cohen, Robert L. (September 1, 1984). "Home (Plate) For the Holidays". Moment . Archived from the original on May 13, 2024. Retrieved May 13, 2024.
  11. ↑ Horvitz, pp. 16–17.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Halem, Dann (April 13, 2001). "Jews on First". Slate . Archived from the original on May 7, 2024. Retrieved May 7, 2024.
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  16. ↑ Chandler, Adam (November 4, 2013). "Brad Ausmus Named Manager of Detroit Tigers". Tablet . Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
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  20. ↑ "Brian Bark". Jewish Baseball Museum . Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  21. ↑ Horvitz, pp. 24–25.
  22. ↑ Horvitz, p. 29
  23. 1 2 Clary, Zachary (August 31, 2023). "The Baseball Player-Turned-Spy Who Went Undercover to Assassinate the Nazis' Top Nuclear Scientist". Smithsonian . Archived from the original on May 6, 2024. Retrieved May 6, 2024.
  24. ↑ Horwitz, Simi (May 24, 2019). "The Jewish Spy Who Kept Us Safe At Home". The Forward . Archived from the original on May 3, 2024. Retrieved May 3, 2024.
  25. ↑ Horvitz, p. 32.
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