Related Research Articles
The Republic of South Africa is a unitary parliamentary democratic republic. The President of South Africa serves both as head of state and as head of government. The President is elected by the National Assembly and must retain the confidence of the Assembly in order to remain in office. South Africans also elect provincial legislatures which govern each of the country's nine provinces.
The Union of South Africa was the historical predecessor to the present-day Republic of South Africa. It came into existence on 31 May 1910 with the unification of the Cape, Natal, Transvaal, and Orange River colonies. It included the territories that were formerly a part of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State.
South Africa is divided into nine provinces. On the eve of the 1994 general election, South Africa's former homelands, known as Bantustans, were reintegrated into the country, and the four provinces were increased to nine by dividing Cape Province and the Transvaal into three and four, respectively. The twelfth, thirteenth and sixteenth amendments to the Constitution of South Africa changed the borders of seven of the provinces.
The president of South Africa is the head of state and head of government of the Republic of South Africa. The president directs the executive branch of the government and is the commander-in-chief of the South African National Defence Force. Between 1961 and 1994, the office of head of state was the state presidency.
The State President of the Republic of South Africa was the head of state of South Africa from 1961 to 1994. The office was established when the country became a republic on 31 May 1961, albeit, outside the Commonwealth of Nations, and Queen Elizabeth II ceased to be Queen of South Africa. The position of Governor-General of South Africa was accordingly abolished. From 1961 to 1984, the post was largely ceremonial. After constitutional reforms enacted in 1983 and taking effect in 1984, the State President became an executive post, and its holder was both head of state and head of government.
The Parliament of the Republic of South Africa is South Africa's legislature; under the present Constitution of South Africa, the bicameral Parliament comprises a National Assembly and a National Council of Provinces. The current twenty-seventh Parliament was first convened on 22 May 2019.
The National Assembly is the directly elected house of the Parliament of South Africa, located in Cape Town, Western Cape. It consists of four hundred members who are elected every five years using a party-list proportional representation system where half of the members are elected proportionally from nine provincial lists and the remaining half from national lists so as to restore proportionality.
The Republic of South Africa is a parliamentary republic with a three-tier system of government and an independent judiciary, operating in a parliamentary system. Legislative authority is held by the Parliament of South Africa.
The South Africa Act 1909 was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that created the Union of South Africa out of the former Cape, Natal, Orange River, and Transvaal colonies. The Act also allowed for potential admission of Rhodesia into the Union, a proposal rejected by Rhodesian colonists in a 1922 referendum. The draft proposal was supported by the four colonial parliaments, but was opposed by Cape Colony premier W. P. Schreiner, who raised concerns that it would strip rights from non-white South Africans.
The Coloured vote constitutional crisis, also known as the Coloured vote case, was a constitutional crisis that occurred in the Union of South Africa during the 1950s as the result of an attempt by the Nationalist government to remove coloured voters in the Union's Cape Province from the common voters' rolls. It developed into a dispute between the judiciary and the other branches of government over the power of Parliament to amend an entrenched clause in the South Africa Act and the power of the Appellate Division to overturn the amendment as unconstitutional. The crisis ended when the government enlarged the Senate and altered its method of election, allowing the amendment to be successfully enacted.
Judith Tshabalala is a South African politician from Gauteng who has been Deputy Minister of Water and Sanitation since March 2023.
Annah Gela is a South African politician of the African National Congress (ANC) who has been a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa since May 2019.
Bheki Mathews Hadebe is a South African politician from the Western Cape who has been a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa since 2019. Hadebe is a member of the African National Congress.
Mirriam Thenjiwe Kibi is a South African politician who was elected to the South African parliament at the 2019 general election as a representative of the African National Congress.
Nqabisa Gantsho is a South African politician from the Eastern Cape who has served as a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa since 2019, representing the African National Congress.
Gijimani Jim Skosana is a South African politician from Mpumalanga and a current Member of the National Assembly of South Africa for the African National Congress (ANC). He previously served as the mayor of the Dr JS Moroka Local Municipality from 2016 to 2017.
Xolisile Shinars Qayiso is a South African politician and a member of the National Assembly of South Africa. He is a member of the African National Congress.
Nhlagongwe Patricia Mahlo is a South African politician. She is a current member of the National Assembly of South Africa representing the African National Congress. Mahlo had previously served as a member of the Limpopo Provincial Legislature and as the Capricorn District Municipality's Member of the Mayoral Committee (MMC) for Strategic Executive Management Services.
Terence Skhumbuzo Mpanza is a South African politician. He is a Member of the National Assembly of South Africa. Mpanza is a member of the African National Congress.
Timothy Victor Mashele is a South African politician. He is a member of the National Assembly of South Africa. Mashele is a member of the African National Congress (ANC).
References
- "Members of the NCOP". Parliament of South Africa. Archived from the original on 2012-04-24. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
