List of People's Republic of Bangladesh governments

This is a list of successive governments of the People's Republic of Bangladesh from the time of the establishment of the Provisional Government of Bangladesh on 10 April 1971. ^[1]

List

Government	Term	President		Prime Minister		Cabinet	Government type	Party		Election	Parliamentary strength	Formation
Provisional government [2] [3]	1971–1972		Sheikh Mujibur Rahman acting Syed Nazrul Islam		Tajuddin Ahmed	Mujib I	Provisional		AL	None	—	Formed by the exiled AL leaders.
Constituent assembly [4]	1972–1973		Abu Sayeed Chowdhury		Sheikh Mujibur Rahman	Mujib II	Provisional		AL	1970	400/403	Formed by all pro-independence elected MPs and MLAs of East Pakistan.
First Jatiyo Sangsad [5] [6]	1973-1973		Abu Sayeed Chowdhury		Sheikh Mujibur Rahman	Mujib III	Parliamentary		AL	1973	308/315	First election of Bangladesh was held on 1973, opposition had almost no presence in the parliament.
	1973–1975		Mohammad Mohammadullah
One party rule [7] [8]	1975-1975		Sheikh Mujibur Rahman		Muhammad Mansur Ali	Mujib IV	Presidential		BaKSAL	None	—	Fourth Amendment made BaKSAL the sole legal party and AL disbanded by Mujib.
First Martial Law [9]	1975-1975		Khondaker Mostaq Ahmad	Post abolished		Mostaq	Presidential		AL military backed	None	—	Mujib assassinated in a military coup and Mostaq was made the president.
	1975–1977		Abu Sadat Mohammad Sayem			Sayem						Mostaq deposed by military coup Sayem was made the president.
	1977–1978		Ziaur Rahman			Junta			Military	1977		CMLA Zia took charge of the president after confidence referandum on this policy.
	1978-1979				Mashiur Rahman	Zia (Provisional)			JaGoDal/ BNP	1978		Zia won the first direct presidential election.
Second Jatiyo Sangsad [10] [11]	1979–1982		Ziaur Rahman		Shah Azizur Rahman	Zia (Elected)	Presidential		BNP	1979	237/330	Martial law was lifted on 9 April 1979 and political activities were allowed.
	1981-1982		Abdus Sattar			Sattar						Satter took charge after the Assassination of Zia
Second Martial Law [12]	1982–1983		Ahsanuddin Chowdhury	Post abolished		Junta	Presidential		Independent military backed	None	—	Sattar deposed bymilitary coup.
	1983-1984		Hossain Mohammad Ershad						Military			CMLA Ershad declare himself the president.
	1984–1985		Hossain Mohammad Ershad		Ataur Rahman Khan	Ershad	Presidential		JaNaDal	1985		Ershad gave him legitimacy by holding confidence referendum.
Third Jatiyo Sangsad	1986-1988		Hossain Mohammad Ershad		Mizanur Rahman Chowdhury	Ershad	Presidential		JP-E	1986	183/330	Only AL and Jamaat took part among the major opposition parties, opposition claimed media coup and election fraud.
Fourth Jatiyo Sangsad [13]	1988-1989		Hossain Mohammad Ershad		Moudud Ahmed	Ershad	Presidential		JP-E	1988	251/300	All major parties boycotted 1988 electiona and demanded Ershad's resignation.
	1989-1990				Kazi Zafar Ahmed
First Caretaker Government [14]	1990-1991		Shahabuddin Ahmed (acting)	vacant		Shahabuddin	Caretaker		Impartial	None	—	Formed by political consensus of 3 alliances after Ershad was ousted by popular uprising
Fifth Jatiyo Sangsad [15]	1991-1996		Abdur Rahman Biswas		Khaleda Zia	Khaleda I	Parliamentary		BNP with outside support of JI	1991	168/330	Considered as the first free, fair and inclusive election.
Sixth Jatiyo Sangsad [16]	1996		Abdur Rahman Biswas		Khaleda Zia	Khaleda II	Parliamentary		BNP	1996	308/330	All major party boycotted the election, BNP won unopposed.
Second Caretaker Government [17]	1996-1996		Abdur Rahman Biswas		CA Muhammad Habibur Rahman	Habib	Caretaker		Independent	None	—	Khaleda resigned because of opposition demand and handed over power to impartial caretaker government for the conduct of free and fair election.
Seventh Jatiyo Sangsad [18]	1996-1996		Abdur Rahman Biswas		Sheikh Hasina	Hasina I	Parliamentary		AL	1996	211/330	Hasina became PM after most close contested election in the history of Bangladesh.
	1996-2001		Shahabuddin Ahmed						JP-E
									JaSaD
Third Caretaker Government [19]	2001-2001		Shahabuddin Ahmed		CA Latifur Rahman	Latif	Caretaker		Independent	None	—	Hasina peacefully handed over power to the neutral caretaker government for conduct of election.
Eighth Jatiyo Sangsad [20]	2001-2001		Shahabuddin Ahmed		Khaleda Zia	Khaleda III	Parliamentary		BNP	2001	210/300	BNP got majority and formed government.
	2001-2002		Badruddoza Chowdhury
	2002-2002		Muhammad Jamiruddin Sircar (acting)						JeI
	2002-2006		Iajuddin Ahmed
Fourth Caretaker government [21] [22]	2006-2007		Iajuddin Ahmed		CA Iajuddin Ahmed	Iajuddin	Caretaker		Independent	None	—	Extension of age of retirement of the CJB caused political tension and resulted in 1-11 political crisis. President declared himself as the CA without exploring other options.
	2007-2007				CA Fazlul Haque	None						State of emergency declared Iajuddin resigned as CA but continued as president.
	2007-2009				CA Fakhruddin Ahmed	Fakhruddin			Independent military backed			Formed as a result of direct military intervention.
Ninth Jatiyo Sangsad [23]	2009-2009		Iajuddin Ahmed		Sheikh Hasina	Hasina II	Parliamentary		AL	2008	302/350	BNP and the oppositio accused election commission of Gerrymandering in favor of Awami League in almost 100 constituencies.
	2009-2013		Zillur Rahman						JP-E
	2013-2014		Mohammad Abdul Hamid						JaSaD
Tenth Jatiyo Sangsad [24]	2014-2018		Mohammad Abdul Hamid		Sheikh Hasina	Hasina III	Parliamentary		AL	2014	328/350	Fifteenth Amendment was brought to abolish Caretaker government despite opposition from other parties. All opposition boycotted the election. 154 out of 300 MPs got elected unopposed.
									JP-E
									JaSaD
									WPB
									JP-M
Eleventh Jatiyo Sangsad [25]	2018-2023		Mohammad Abdul Hamid		Sheikh Hasina	Hasina IV	Parliamentary		AL	2018	300/350	Opposition and independent news sources claimed the election to be rigged.
	2023-2024		Mohammed Shahabuddin
Twelfth Jatiyo Sangsad [26]	2024-2024		Mohammed Shahabuddin		Sheikh Hasina	Hasina V	Parliamentary		AL	2024	271/350	Only the members of Grand Alliance took part in the election. The country turned into de facto one-party state.
There was no Government (official or unofficial) from noon of 5 August 2024 to evening of 8 August 2024 [27] [28]
Interim Government rule [29] [30]	2024-		Mohammad Shahabuddin		CA Mohammad Yunus	Yunus	Interim		Impartial	None	—	Formed based on political consent of all parties but AL after Hasina was ousted by popular uprising.

References

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6. Government of Bangladesh (1991). A Background Paper on Bangladesh Parliamentary Elections. Dhaka: Press Information Department (Handout No. 429).
7. Rono, Haider Akbar Khan (2010). Śatābdī pēriẏēশতাব্দী পেরিয়ে (in Bengali). Taraphadara prakashani. p. 335. ISBN   978-984-779-027-5.
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10. Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume I, p525 ISBN   0-19-924958-X
11. In Bangladesh Election, the Aura of Two Dead Leaders Is Pervasive The New York Times, 14 November 1981
12. "Bangladesh holds referendum on military rule". UPI. Retrieved 2018-12-29.
13. "Bangladesh Chief Claims Vote Victory". The New York Times. 17 October 1986.
14. Syedur Rahman (2010). Historical Dictionary of Bangladesh. Scarecrow Press. p. 303. ISBN   9780810874534.
15. Dieter Nohlen; Florian Grotz; Christof Hartmann (2001). Elections in Asia: A data handbook. Vol. I. p. 537. ISBN   0-19-924958-X.
16. Islam, Syed Serajul (2001). "Elections and politics in post-Ershad era in Bangladesh" (PDF). Asian and African Studies. 10 (1): 160–173. Retrieved 30 December 2018.
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19. Habib, Haroon (19 July 2001). "Caretaker govt. vows to conduct free, fair poll" . The Hindu.
20. "IPU PARLINE database: BANGLADESH (Jatiya Sangsad), Elections in 2001". archive.ipu.org. Retrieved 2018-12-27.
21. "President sworn in as chief of caretaker govt". The Daily Star. 30 October 2006.
22. "WikiLeaks: How president Iajuddin was asked to resign". Priyo. 21 September 2011. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 30 November 2015.
23. "Bangladesh Election Commission announces results of 299 seats in Parliamentary elections". Xinhua. 31 December 2008. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009.
24. Chowdhury, Syed Tashfin (7 January 2014). "Violent Bangladesh poll 'not credible'". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 9 March 2022.
25. "Bangladesh election: Sheikh Hasina wins new term as prime minister". BBC News. 31 December 2018. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
26. "Bangladesh is now in effect a one-party state". The Economist. ISSN   0013-0613. Archived from the original on 9 January 2024. Retrieved 2024-01-09.
27. "Bangladesh goes another day without a government — interim or permanent". Firstpost. 2024-08-07. Retrieved 2025-04-08.
28. "Muhammad Yunus takes oath as head of Bangladesh's interim government". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2025-04-08.
29. "Sheikh Hasina forced to resign: What happened and what's next?". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2024-08-21.
30. "Yunus to stay at State Guest House Jamuna after taking oath". The Daily Star (Bangladesh) . 2024-08-08. Retrieved 2024-08-19.