The following is a list of historical markers unveiled by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP) as part of the Philippine Nationhood Trail to commemorate the 125th anniversary of the Philippine declaration of independence in 1898 including the subsequent struggles of the First Philippine Republic leading to General Emilio Aguinaldo's capture in 1901.
Inspired by the NHCP's project in 2021 for the Quincentennial Commemorations where 34 quincentennial historical markers were unveiled at sites all over the Philippines that the Magellan expedition visited, the commission launched the Landas ng Pagkabansang Pilipino (Filipino for "Philippine Nationhood Trail") where 100 sites in the country will be given a standard memorial and historical marker. The NHCP held a program at Fort San Pedro in Cebu City on August 3, 2022, where they announced the project and unveiled the logo with the theme of "Kalayaan. Kinabukasan. Kasaysayan." (Freedom. Future. History.). [1] During a forum held in December 2023, the NHCP stated that 43 markers would be unveiled in 2024 with a total of 74 up to 2026. [2]
The first marker was unveiled in Bacoor, Cavite on August 1, 2023, and the second at the Aguinaldo Shrine in nearby Kawit on August 31, 2023 (originally announced to be unveiled on June 23 [3] ).
| Order | Marker title | Category | Location | Commemorated event and date | Date when marker was unveiled | Marker photo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kawit | Capitals | Aguinaldo Shrine, Kawit, Cavite | Philippine Declaration of Independence (June 12, 1898) | August 31, 2023 [4] |  |
| 2 | Bacoor | Capitals | Cuenca Ancestral House, Gen. Evangelista Street, Bacoor, Cavite | Bacoor Assembly (August 1, 1898) | August 1, 2023 [5] |  |
| 3 | Malolos | Capitals | Malolos Cathedral, [6] Malolos, Bulacan | Arrival of Emilio Aguinaldo in Malolos (September 10, 1898) [7] | September 10, 2023 [8] |  |
| 4 | San Fernando | Journey | Gen. Hizon Extension, San Fernando, Pampanga | Aguinaldo retreated from Malolos to San Isidro (March 28-29, 1899) | April 1, 2024 |  |
| 5 | Arayat | Journey | Arayat Municipal Plaza, Arayat, Pampanga | Aguinaldo's forces stayed here on their way to San Isidro, Nueva Ecija (March 29, 1899) | April 11, 2024 [9] |  |
| 6 | San Isidro | Capitals | Sideco House, Vallarta Street, San Isidro, Nueva Ecija | Críspulo Sideco's house used as presidencia by Aguinaldo (March 29, 1899) | April 5, 2024 |  |
| 7 | Cabanatuan | Capitals | Cabanatuan Cathedral, Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija | Church used as seat of the Republic before moving to Bamban (June 1899) | June 14, 2024 [10] |  |
| 8 | Bamban | Capitals | Bamban Municipal Library, Bamban, Tarlac | Bamban became temporary capital of the Republic (June 6, 1899) | July 4, 2024 |  |
| 9 | Angeles | Journey | Pamintuan Mansion, Angeles, Pampanga | Aguinaldo celebrated the 1st anniversary of the Philippine Declaration of Independence in Angeles (June 12, 1899) | February 6, 2025 |  |
| 10 | Tarlac | Capitals | Tarlac State University, Tarlac, Tarlac | Casa Real in Tarlac became the seat of the Philippine Republic (June 21, 1899) | June 21, 2024 [11] |  |
| 11 | Bayambang | Journey | Bayambang Municipal Hall, Bayambang, Pangasinan | Bayambang as seat of the Republic, where Aguinaldo decided to fight the Americans using guerrilla tactics. (November 12–13, 1899) | November 13, 2024 | |
| 12 | Santa Barbara | Journey | Santa Barbara Town Plaza, Santa Barbara, Pangasinan | Aguinaldo merged his troops with those of Lt. Joven and Gen. del Pilar. (November 14, 1899) | October 30, 2024 [12] |  |
| 13 | Manaoag | Journey | Manaoag Municipal Hall, Manaoag, Pangasinan | Aguinaldo stayed in the forests of Manaoag. (November 14, 1899) | November 13, 2024 | |
| 14 | Calasiao | Journey | Calasiao Municipal Hall, Calasiao, Pangasinan | Aguinaldo stayed at the Church and Town Plaza of Calasiao. (November 14, 1899) | November 14, 2024 | |
| 15 | San Manuel | Journey | Doña Carmen's Park, San Manuel, San Manuel, Pangasinan | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (November 14, 1899) | November 14, 2024 | |
| 16 | Pozzorubio | Journey | Pozzorubio Town Plaza, Pozzorubio, Pangasinan | Aguinaldo temporary rested in the town church. (November 14, 1899) | November 26, 2024 | |
| 17 | Alava | Journey | Sison, Pangasinan | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (November 15, 1899) | January 31, 2025 | |
| 18 | Rosario | Journey | Rosario, La Union | Aguinaldo passed through this town. General Manuel Tinio reported the arrival of American troops. (November 16, 1899) | January 31, 2025 | |
| 19 | Tubao | Journey | Tubao Municipal Plaza, Tubao | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (November 16-17, 1899) | March 18, 2025 | |
| 20 | Aringay | Journey | Don Agaton Yaranon Memorial Park, Aringay, La Union | Aguinaldo encouraged Ilocanos to continue fighting. (November 17, 1899) | November 25, 2024 | |
| 21 | Caba | Journey | Caba Town Plaza, Caba, La Union | Aguinaldo stayed in this town. (November 17, 1899) | November 25, 2024 | |
| 22 | Bauang | Journey | Bauang, La Union | Aguinaldo stayed in this town. (November 17, 1899) | March 19, 2025 | |
| 23 | San Fernando | Journey | San Fernando City Plaza, La Union | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (November 19, 1899) | December 2, 2024 | |
| 24 | Balaoan | Journey | Balaoan, La Union | Aguinaldo stayed in this town. (November 19-21, 1899) | January 30, 2025 | |
| 25 | Sevilla | Journey | Covered court, Sevilla, Santa Cruz, Ilocos Sur | Aguinaldo passed through this barrio. (November 21, 1899) | November 26, 2024 | |
| 26 | Santa Cruz | Journey | People's Park, Santa Cruz, Ilocos Sur | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (November 21, 1899) | November 26, 2024 | |
| 27 | Salcedo | Journey | Salcedo Plaza, Salcedo, Ilocos Sur | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (November 22, 1899) | March 17, 2025 | |
| 28 | Candon | Journey | Candon City Plaza, Candon, Ilocos Sur | Aguinaldo stayed in this town. (November 21-22, 1899) | November 22, 2024 | |
| 29 | Tadian | Journey | Barangay Población, Tadian, Mountain Province | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (December 2, 1899) | May 3, 2025 | |
| 30 | Kayan | Journey | Barangay Kayan West, Tadian, Mountain Province | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (December 3, 1899) | May 3, 2025 | |
| 31 | Sagada | Journey | Junction of Tetepan Road and Sagada-Besao Road, Barangay Antadao, Sagada, Mountain Province | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (December 3, 1899) | May 4, 2025 | |
| 32 | Bontoc | Journey | Bontoc Municipal Hall, Bontoc, Mountain Province | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (December 3-5, 1899) | May 5, 2025 | |
| 33 | Talubin | Journey | Barangay Talubin, Bontoc, Mountain Province | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (December 5-6, 1899) | May 6, 2025 | |
| 34 | Ambayuan (Bayyo) | Journey | Barangay Bayyo, Bontoc, Mountain Province | Aguinaldo passed through this barrio, from Mount Polis to Banaue. (December 6, 1899) | May 6, 2025 | |
| 35 | Bundok Polis | Journey | Mount Polis, Bontoc, Mountain Province | Aguinaldo passed through this town. (December 6-7, 1899) | May 6, 2025 |
