The foreign relations of Spain could be constructed upon the foreign relations of the Hispanic Crown. The personal union of Castile and Aragon that ensued with the joint rule of the Catholic Monarchs was followed by the annexation of the Kingdom of Granada and the Kingdom of Navarre. The crown also built a large colonial empire in the Americas after the arrival of Columbus to the New World in 1492.
Francisco Serrano Domínguez, 1st Duke of la Torre, Grandee of Spain, Count of San Antonio was a Spanish marshal and statesman. He was Prime Minister of Spain in 1868–69 and regent in 1869–70.
The Russian Federation and the Kingdom of Spain, a member state of the European Union, have bilateral foreign relations. Spain and the Grand Duchy of Moscow first exchanged envoys in 1520s; regular embassies were established in 1722. The two countries share a long history of relations, characterized at times by close cooperation and at other times by deep hostility. Soviet-Spanish relations, once terminated after the Spanish Civil War, were gradually reestablished starting in 1963 and were fully established by 1977. Trade between the two countries amounted to two billion euros in 2008. In March 2009, the two countries signed an energy agreement providing national energy companies access to other party's domestic markets.
Moldovan-Spanish relations are foreign relations between Spain and Moldova. On 30 January 1992, Spain established diplomatic relations with Moldova. Spain is represented in Moldova via its embassy in Bucharest in Romania.
Serbia-Spain relations are foreign relations between Serbia and Spain. Both countries established diplomatic relations on October 14, 1916. Serbia has an embassy in Madrid. Spain has an embassy in Belgrade. Both countries are member states of the UN, Interpol, COE and OSCE. Spain is member state of the EU since 1986 and Serbia is a candidate country since 2012 negotiating its future membership which Spain is strongly supporting. Spain is member state of NATO alliance while Serbia is a militarily neutral country with strong historical relations with the Non-Aligned Movement. In relation to third parties, both countries supported position of Argentina in its Falkland Islands sovereignty dispute with the United Kingdom in the past.
Ireland–Spain relations are the current and historical relations between Ireland and the Kingdom of Spain. Both states are members of the COE, the EU, the Eurozone and the OECD.
Italy–Spain relations are the interstate relations between Italy and Spain. Both countries established diplomatic relations some time after the unification of Italy in 1860.
This is a summary history of diplomatic relations of the United States listed by country. The history of diplomatic relations of the United States began with the appointment of Benjamin Franklin as U.S. Minister to France in 1778, even before the U.S. had won its independence from Great Britain in 1783.
The Embassy of Colombia in Madrid is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Colombia to the Kingdom of Spain; it is headed by the Ambassador of Colombia to Spain. It is located in the Salamanca district of Madrid, near the Church of San Fermín de los Navarros, the Sorolla Museum, the IE Business School, and the Palace of Bermejillo, precisely at Paseo General Martínez Campos, 48 at the intersection of Calle Fortuny, and it is serviced by the Rubén Darío station.
Slovakia–Spain relations are the bilateral relations between Slovakia and Spain. The relations of these two countries are defined mainly by the membership of both the European Union and NATO. On the occasion of the celebration of the 25th anniversary of the independence of the Slovak Republic from Czechoslovakia, Ambassador Vladimír Grácz and his lady offered a brilliant reception on January 11, 2019. The protocol act began with the interpretation of the anthems of Spain and Slovakia. Ambassador Grácz confirmed that “relations with Spain are impeccable, of excellent collaboration, of great harmony and mutual support in the candidacies for international institutions. Economic relations are fantastic, as are cultural relations. On a personal basis he recognizes that Spain is a wonderful country, which has been able to meet him in the company of his wife.
The Embassy of Mexico in Spain, based out of Madrid, is the primary diplomatic mission from the United Mexican States to the Kingdom of Spain. Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1836, 15 years after the Mexican War of Independence, but were severed in 1940 due to Mexico's support for the Second Spanish Republic in the Spanish Civil War. Relations were re-established in 1977 when Spain returned to a democracy following the death of Francisco Franco.
The Embassy of Mexico in China, based out of Beijing, is the primary diplomatic mission from the United Mexican States to the People's Republic of China.
Czech Republic–Spain relations are the bilateral and diplomatic relations between these two countries. Relationships are mainly defined by the membership of both countries to the EU and NATO. The Czech Republic has an embassy in Madrid and consulates in Barcelona, Benidorm, Bilbao, Oviedo, Palma de Mallorca and Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Spain has an embassy in Prague, as well as an Education Attaché, a Commercial Office and an Instituto Cervantes; the Delegation of Spanish Tourism for this country operates from Vienna.
Iran–Spain relations are the bilateral and diplomatic relations between these two countries. Iran has an embassy in Madrid, Spain has an embassy in Tehran.
The Embassy of the Republic of Indonesia in Madrid is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Indonesia to the Kingdom of Spain. The first Indonesian ambassador to Spain was Boediardjo (1976–1979). The current ambassador, Muhammad Najib, was appointed by President Joko Widodo on 25 October 2021.
The Ukrainian Embassy in Madrid is the diplomatic mission of Ukraine in Spain. The embassy building is located at Ronda de la Abubilla 52 in Madrid. The Ukrainian ambassador to Spain has been Serhiy Pohorelzew since 2020.
The Duchy of Parma and the United States mutually recognized each other in 1850 with formal relations established in 1853. Diplomatic relations ceased in 1860 when the Duchy was incorporated into Kingdom of Sardinia then into the Kingdom of Italy the following year in 1861.
