| Lithograph City Formation | |
|---|---|
| Stratigraphic range: Devonian | |
| Type | Formation |
| Unit of | Cedar Valley Group |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| Extent | Iowa and Minnesota |
The Lithograph City Formation is a geologic formation in Iowa, part of the Cedar Valley Group. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period. The formation is composed of dolomite and limestone, with many fossils and vugs in the lower part, while the upper part contains few fossils. [1] [2]
The formation is named after exposures in the former company town of Lithograph City, where quarries were opened to exploit the high-quality lithographic limestone found in parts of this formation. [3]
Lithographic limestone is hard limestone that is sufficiently fine-grained, homogeneous and defect free to be used for lithography.
The Traverse Group is a geologic group in Michigan, Indiana and Ohio comprising middle Devonian limestones with calcareous shale components. Its marine fossils notably include Michigan's state stone, the Petoskey stone, among other corals and records of ancient marine life. A range of trilobites has also been found in the Traverse Group.
The Williamsport Sandstone is a sandstone geologic formation in West Virginia, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and Maryland. the formation includes the Cedar Creek Limestone member. Near Cumberland, Maryland it includes the Cedar Creek Limestone member. It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period.
The Cedar Valley Group is a geologic group in Iowa and Illinois. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period.
The Chouteau Limestone is a geologic formation in Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, and Missouri. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
The Keokuk Limestone is a geologic formation in Illinois, Iowa and Missouri. It preserves fossils dating back to the Mississippian sub-period.
The Bowen Formation is an Ordovician-age geological formation in the Appalachian region of the eastern United States. It occupies a thin stratigraphic range between the Wardell and Witten formations in some areas of southwest Virginia and northeast Tennessee. It is particularly well-exposed in Tazewell County, Virginia. Unlike its encompassing strata, the Bowen Formation is mostly calcareous sandstone and mudrock rather than limestone. The thicker upper part of the formation is composed of layered red mudrock which is replete with mudcracks. The thinner lower part, which is not always preserved, is a coarser unit of dark grey stratified sandstone which weathers to a rusty-brown color. Fossils are rare, restricted to stromatolites and Tetradium fibratum.
The Kinzers Formation is a geologic formation in Pennsylvania. It preserves fossils dating back to the Cambrian Period.
The Alum Bluff Group is a geologic group in the states of Georgia, Florida, and Alabama. It preserves fossils dating back to the Neogene period.
The Bone Valley Formation is a geologic formation in Florida. It is sometimes classified as the upper member of the Peace River Formation of the Hawthorn Group. It contains economically important phosphorite deposits that are mined in west-central Florida, as well as rich assemblages of vertebrate fossils.
The Smackover Formation is a geologic formation in Arkansas. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.
The Burlington Limestone is a geologic formation in Missouri, Iowa and the Midwest region. It preserves fossils dating back to the Mississippian subperiod.
The Gilmore City Limestone is a geologic formation in Iowa. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
The Deer Creek Limestone is a geologic formation in Iowa. It preserves fossils dating back to the Carboniferous period.
The Cedar Valley Formation is a geologic formation in Iowa. It preserves fossils dating back to the Devonian period. No type locality has ever been designated for this formation, but it is best known for limestone and dolomite exposures in and around Johnson County, Iowa. The formation is exposed in numerous road cuts, quarries and valley walls over much of north-east and north-central Iowa.
The Wood Canyon Formation is a geologic formation in the northern Mojave Desert of Inyo County, California and Nye County and Clark County, Nevada.
The Antelope Valley Limestone is a limestone geologic formation of the Pogonip Group in southern Nevada.
The Agua Nueva Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dating back to the upper part of the Cenomanian stage of the Cretaceous period. It consists "predominantly of alternating fossiliferous, organic matter-rich, laminated, dark gray limestone and non-laminated, organic matter-poor limestone in decimeter-thick beds with occasional centimetric beds of brown shale that show no apparent internal structures." The formation is noted for its qualities as a Konservat-Lagerstätte, with notable finds including the plesiosaur Mauriciosaurus and shark Aquilolamna.
The Lithographic limestones Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.
The Impressamergel Formation is a geologic formation in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Jurassic period.
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