Long-tailed starling

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Long-tailed starling [1]
Long-tailed Starling (Aplonis magna).jpg
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Family: Sturnidae
Genus: Aplonis
Species:
A. magna
Binomial name
Aplonis magna
(Schlegel, 1871)
Aplonis magna distribution.png
Global range (In red)

The long-tailed starling (Aplonis magna) is a species of starling in the family Sturnidae. It is endemic to the Schouten Islands off West Papua, in Indonesia, an important area of bird endemism. [3] The species was once treated as part of a superspecies with the shining starling. There are two subspecies, the nominate race, which occurs on Biak, and brevicauda, which is found on Numfor Island. It occurs in a wide range of habitats at all altitudes, including natural forest and forest edges, as well as human modified secondary forests and gardens. In spite of its tiny global range the species is not considered threatened by human activities and remains common within its range, and is therefore listed as least concern by the IUCN. [2] [4]

The long-tailed starling is a large starling, ranging from 28 to 41 cm (11–16 in) in length, including the tail. There are no differences between the sexes. The tail is very long, as long or longer than the body in the nominate race, although in the race brevicauda it is only two-thirds as long as the body. [4] In the wild they cock and fan these large tails. [5] The plumage of this species is black with an oily green gloss over the body, although the subspecies brevicauda is less glossy than the nominate. The gloss on the head is bronze coloured and the feathers of the fore-head are bristled. The feet and bill are black, and the iris is brown. [4]

Little is known about the biology of this species. They are conspicuous birds, sitting in prominent open perches in trees in a manner reminiscent of a drongo. [5] Its calls have been described as a series of loud warbles, and it also gives a descending slurred "cheeeuw".[ citation needed ] The species occurs in small groups or in pairs, foraging for fruit in trees and in the undergrowth. Nothing is known about its breeding biology apart from that it nests high in trees. [4]

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fiery-browed starling</span> Species of bird

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Yellow-faced myna</span> Species of bird

The yellow-faced myna is a species of starling in the family Sturnidae. It is found in New Guinea and nearby smaller islands, where its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. The long-tailed myna was formerly included as a subspecies. One of the largest species of starling, this species attains 23 to 26 cm in length and weighs around 217 g (7.7 oz). They have dark plumage with a metallic lustre and bright orange facial markings and beak. These birds are social and omnivorous. Their diet consists of fruit and insects for which they forage high in the canopy. They are common birds with a wide range, and the International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed their conservation status as being of "least concern". It was named after Charles Dumont.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Black-winged myna</span> Species of bird

The black-winged myna is a species of starling in the family Sturnidae. The species is also known as the black-winged starling or the white-breasted starling. It is endemic to Indonesia. There are three recognised subspecies: the nominate race, which occurs across much of the island of Java; tricolor, which is restricted to south east Java; and tertius, which is found on Bali and possibly Lombok. The validity of the records on Lombok has been called into question, as there are only a few records and those may represent escapees from the caged-bird trade or natural vagrants. The species has often been assigned to the starling genus Sturnus, but is now placed in Acridotheres because it is behaviourally and vocally closer to the birds in that genus.

References

  1. Gill, Frank; Minturn Wright (2009). "IOC World Bird List". Archived from the original on 24 March 2010. Retrieved 7 January 2010.
  2. 1 2 BirdLife International (2016). "Aplonis magna". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species . 2016: e.T22710559A94251613. doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22710559A94251613.en . Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  3. BirdLife International (2009). "Geelvin Islands". EBA factsheets. Retrieved 8 January 2010.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Craig, Adrian; Feare, Chris (2009). "Family Sturnidae (Starlings)". In del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Christie, David (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. p. 718. ISBN   978-84-96553-50-7.
  5. 1 2 Melville, D (1980). "Some observations on birds in Irian Jaya, New Guinea" (PDF). Emu. 80 (2): 89–91. doi:10.1071/MU9800089a.