Lower Lake (Bhopal)

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Lower Lake
Lower Lake Bhopal.jpg
Children kayaking on the Lower Lake
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Lower Lake
Location of Bhopal's Lower Lake
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Lower Lake
Lower Lake (India)
Location Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
Coordinates 23°16′0″N77°25′0″E / 23.26667°N 77.41667°E / 23.26667; 77.41667 Coordinates: 23°16′0″N77°25′0″E / 23.26667°N 77.41667°E / 23.26667; 77.41667
Primary inflows Seepage from Upper Lake and drainage from 28 sewage-filled nullahs
Primary outflows Halali River via Patra Drain
Catchment area 9.6 km2 (3.7 sq mi)
Built1794
Surface area1.29 km2 (0.50 sq mi) (2011)
Average depth6.2 m (20 ft)
Max. depth10.7 m (35 ft)
ReferencesInternational Lake Environment Committee [1]

The Lower Lake or Chhota Talaab is a lake in Bhopal, the capital of Madhya Pradesh state of India. Along with the Bhojtal or Upper Lake, it forms the Bhoj Wetland.

Contents

History

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Lower Lake
Location of Lower Lake in Bhopal

The lake was built by creating in 1794 to beautify the city. The construction was commissioned by Chote Khan, a minister of Nawab Hayat Muhammad Khan Bahadur. [2] A number of earlier wells were merged in this lake. The lower lake is beside a bridge named 'Pul Pukhta'. The lower lake has also been mentioned as "Pukhta-Pul Talao" in literature. [3]

Geography

The Lower Lake is located to the east of the Upper Lake. An earthen dam separates the two lakes. The two lakes are built in a terraced manner, the lowest level of the Upper Lake is just below the highest level of the Lower Lake.

The Lower Lake has an area (water spread) of 1.29 , and its catchment area is 9.6 km2. The lake receives subsurface seepage from the Upper Lake. In the 1850s, the maximum and minimum depths of the lake were 11.7 m and 6.16 m respectively. [2] As of 2011, the maximum depth was 10.7m.

The Lower Lake does not have any fresh water source; it receives seepage water from the Upper Lake and drainage from 28 sewage-filled nullahs. [4] It drains into the Patra rivulet, which joins Halali River, a small tributary of the Betwa River.

Pollution

The Lower Lake suffers from pollution due to drainage from sewage-filled nullahs, lack of fresh water source and commercial washing of clothes. The entire lake is eutrophic, and its water is not suitable for drinking. [4]

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References

  1. "Lower Lake". International Lake Environment Committee. Archived from the original on 7 January 2012. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  2. 1 2 "Places of Interest in Bhopal". Collectorate, Bhopal. Retrieved 28 October 2011.
  3. Pranab Kumar Bhattacharyya (1977). Historical Geography of Madhya Pradesh from Early Records. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 275. ISBN   978-0-8426-9091-1.
  4. 1 2 Prashant S. Khirwadkar (2000). "Lake front planning for a sustainable lake". In Ugo Maione; Beatrice Majone Lehto; Rossella Monti (eds.). New trends in water and environmental engineering for safety and life (illustrated ed.). Taylor & Francis. ISBN   978-90-5809-138-3.