| Luckia | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Amphipoda |
| Family: | Pontogeneiidae |
| Genus: | Luckia |
| Species: | L. striki |
| Binomial name | |
| Luckia striki Bellan-Santini & Thurston, 1996 | |
Luckia is a genus of amphipod crustaceans in the family Pontogeneiidae, with the sole species Luckia striki. [1] It is found in hydrothermal vents in the Atlantic Ocean. [2]
Luckia have compressed bodies and short rostra. [3] Hatchlings are around 1.5 millimetres (0.1 in) long. [4] Adult females measure approximately 8 millimetres (0.31 in), the length of their first antenna; the second antenna is about half that length. Their body is smooth, and they have no eyes. The joints are slender and linear, with a cleft triangular telson. Their flagella have two parts, and their labrum is whole, with triturative molars. The outer rami are shorter than the inner ones, and they have a smooth third epimeral plate. [3] [4]
L. striki are found in hydrothermal vents in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, between depths of 1,670 metres (5,480 ft) and 2,250 metres (7,380 ft), in temperatures around 4.26 °C (39.7 °F). [5] [6] [7] The species has been found in the Lucky Strike site ( 37°17′N32°16′W / 37.283°N 32.267°W ), over the Rainbow Hydrothermal Field ( 36°14′N33°54′W / 36.233°N 33.900°W ), [4] and at the Menez Gwen field ( 37°50′N31°31′W / 37.833°N 31.517°W ). [8]
Amphipods are more common in Pacific hydrothermal vents than in Atlantic ones, and before 1996, only two species, Andaniotes ingens and Hirondellea brevicaudata were known to exist in the Atlantic. [4] The genus was discovered by Denise Bellan-Santini and Michael H. Thurston in 1996, when it was collected in a vent along with shrimps, gastropods, crabs, and limpets at the Lucky Strike site above the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, [4] [6] the species's namesake. [9]
Amphipoda is an order of malacostracan crustaceans with no carapace and generally with laterally compressed bodies. Amphipods range in size from 1 to 340 millimetres and are mostly detritivores or scavengers. There are more than 9,900 amphipod species so far described. They are mostly marine animals, but are found in almost all aquatic environments. Some 1,900 species live in fresh water, and the order also includes the terrestrial sandhoppers such as Talitrus saltator and Arcitalitrus sylvaticus.
Alvinocarididae is a family of shrimp, originally described by M. L. Christoffersen in 1986 from samples collected by DSV Alvin, from which they derive their name. Shrimp of the family Alvinocarididae generally inhabit deep sea hydrothermal vent regions, and hydrocarbon cold seep environments. Carotenoid pigment has been found in their bodies. The family Alvinocarididae comprises 7 extant genera.
Mirocaris is a genus of shrimp associated with hydrothermal vents. Sometimes considered the only genus of the family Mirocarididae, Mirocaris is usually placed in the broader family Alvinocarididae. Mirocaris is characterized by a dorsoventrally flattened, non-dentate rostrum, as well as the possession of episodes on the third maxilliped through to the fourth pteropod. The genus contains two species, M. fortunata and M. indica. The two species are found in different oceans, and can be distinguished by the pattern of setation on the claw of the first pereiopod.
Gammaridea is one of the suborders of the order Amphipoda, comprising small, shrimp-like crustaceans. Until recently, in a traditional classification, it encompassed about 7,275 (92%) of the 7,900 species of amphipods described by then, in approximately 1,000 genera, divided among around 125 families. That concept of Gammaridea included almost all freshwater amphipods, while most of the members still were marine.
Anisogammaridae is a family of small benthic amphipods, endemic to the northern part of the Pacific rim. The family contains the following genera:
Corophium volutator is a species of amphipod crustacean in the family Corophiidae. It is found in mudflats of the northern Atlantic Ocean. It is native to the north-east Atlantic Ocean, and has been introduced to the north-west Atlantic.
Phronima sedentaria is a species of amphipod crustaceans found in oceans at a depth of up to 1 km (0.6 mi). They are large in size relative to other members of the family Phronimidae. Individuals may be found inside barrel-like homes, created most commonly from the tunics of select species of tunicate, where they rear their young. P. sedentaria is known to employ multiple feeding strategies and other interesting behaviors, including daily vertical migration. The species is also known by the more common names “pram bug” and “barrel shrimp.”
The hydrothermal vents and seamounts of the Azores are a series of Atlantic seamounts and hydrothermal vents that are part of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge system, giving rise to the archipelago and bathymetric region of the Azores. These geological structures, formed from masses of basalt, are of a geomorphological interest due to their rich deposits of ore. In addition it fosters a rich ecosystem of diverse subaquatic plant and animal life. There are food chains within this environment, for example, that are purely chemosynthetic, and do not need sunlight for photosynthesis.
Amphilochus neapolitanus also known as “algae louse” is a species of amphipod crustacean up to 4 millimetres (0.16 in) long. It lives at depths of up to 80 metres (260 ft) throughout the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, and in parts of the eastern Atlantic Ocean from the North Sea to North Africa. It is usually found on rocks among algae, where it feeds by grazing.
Bathyporeia elegans is a species of amphipod crustacean in the genus Bathyporeia which occurs in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean. It is unpigmented, and grows up to 6 millimetres (0.24 in) long.
Pontogeneiidae is a family of amphipod crustaceans, containing the following genera:
Nototropis falcatus is a species of amphipod crustacean. It is whitish in colour, with brown patches, and grows to a total length of around 7 mm (0.3 in). It lives on soft sediment such as fine sand at depths of 10 to 50 metres, from northern Norway to the west coast of Ireland, including the North Sea, and as far south as the southern Bay of Biscay.
Jassa marmorata is a species of tube-building amphipod. It is native to the northeast Atlantic Ocean but has been introduced into northeast Asia. J. marmorata are greyish in colour with reddish brown markings. The can grow to a length of up to 10 millimetres (0.39 in). They are generally found in fouling communities and intertidal areas where they build tubes of detritus and algae fragments using silky mucus secretions. They are remarkable for having two distinct morphs of males with two different mating strategies. The 'major' morphs are fighter males, while the 'minor' morphs are sneaker males.
Caprella linearis is a species of skeleton shrimp in the genus Caprella. It is native to the North Atlantic, North Pacific, and the Arctic Ocean. It closely resembles Caprella septentrionalis with which it shares the same geographical distribution.
Martensia martensi is a species of amphipod crustacean, and the only species in the genus Martensia. It occurs in waters around Svalbard at depths of 37–95 metres (121–312 ft).
Themisto is a genus of marine amphipods in the family Hyperiidae. Their distribution is cosmopolitan.
Eurythenes thurstoni is a species of amphipod of the genus Eurythenes. It was first described in 2004 and named after Mike Thurston, a marine biologist specialising in deep-sea amphipods.
Eusirus is a genus of amphipods belonging to the family Eusiridae. The genus has cosmopolitan distribution. Within the genus Eusirus sexual dimorphism is weak, therefore identifying the sex of non-adult individuals is difficult.
Alvinocaris alexander is a species of hydrothermal vent shrimp in the family Alvinocarididae, and was first described in 2009 by Shane Ahyong, from specimens found off the Kermadec Islands. A. alexander closely resembles A. williamsi from the Menez Gwen site on the mid-Atlantic ridge.
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