The Buthidae are the largest family of scorpions, containing about 100 genera and 1339 species as of 2022. A few very large genera are known, but a high number of species-poor or monotypic ones also exist. New taxa are being described at a rate of several new species per year. They have a [cosmopolitan] distribution throughout tropical and subtropical environments worldwide. Together with four other families, the Buthidae make up the superfamily Buthoidea. The family was established by Carl Ludwig Koch in 1837.
Centruroides is a genus of scorpions of the family Buthidae. Several North American species are known by the common vernacular name bark scorpion. Numerous species are extensively found throughout the southern United States, Mexico, Central America, the Antilles and northern South America. Some are known for their interesting patterning or large size ; most if not all fluoresce strongly under ultraviolet illumination, except after moulting. They contain several highly venomous species, and fatalities are known to occur. The venom of the Mexican scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus contains the neurotoxins Cll1 and Cll2.
Hottentotta is a genus of scorpions of the family Buthidae. It is distributed widely across Africa, except for most of the Sahara desert. Species in the genus also occur in the Middle East, the Arabian Peninsula, southeastern Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Nepal, Cape Verde Islands, and Sri Lanka (introduced).
Chaerilus is a genus of scorpions in the family Chaerilidae. They live in tropical parts of South Asia and Southeast Asia. A fossil genus Electrochaerilus is known from the Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) aged Burmese amber.
Isometrus is a genus of scorpion belonging and being eponymous to the family Buthidae. Some species are currently assigned to the genus Reddyanus.
Reddyanus basilicus is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae.
Mesobuthus is an Asian genus of scorpions in the family Buthidae.
Buthoscorpio sarasinorum is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka. It is not known fatal to humans.
Charmus laneaus is a species of non-venomous scorpion in the family Buthidae endemic to Sri Lanka.
Lychas srilankensis is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
Chaerilus ceylonensis is a species of scorpion in Chaerilidae family. It is endemic to Sri Lanka.
Scorpiops is a genus of scorpions in the family Scorpiopidae. It is distributed throughout much of Asia. The taxonomy of the group is unclear because new species and subgenera are described often, and one subgroup may represent a species complex.
Buthoscorpio is a genus of scorpions in the family Buthidae.
Charmus is a genus of buthid scorpions native to India and Sri Lanka.
Reddyanus is a genus of buthid scorpions native to Oriental region from India, Sri Lanka, China: Tibet, to Melanesia. The genus was previously described as a subgenus of Isometrus.
Reddyanus ceylonensis is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae endemic to Sri Lanka.
Reddyanus jayarathnei is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae endemic to Sri Lanka.
Reddyanus ranawanai is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae endemic to Sri Lanka.
Heterometrus serratus is a species of scorpion in the family Buthidae endemic to Sri Lanka where it is restricted to southern parts.
Orthochirus is a genus of scorpion in the family Buthidae, first described by Ferdinand Karsch in 1891.
