Lysiana

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Lysiana
Loranthaceae34984542703 84a8ffdfd7 o.jpg
Lysiana exocarpi
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Santalales
Family: Loranthaceae
Genus:Lysiana
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Species

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Lysiana is a genus of hemiparasitic shrubs endemic to Australia, in the family Loranthaceae.

A genus is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus.

Endemism ecological state of being unique to a defined geographic location or habitat

Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution. An alternative term for a species that is endemic is precinctive, which applies to species that are restricted to a defined geographical area.

Australia Country in Oceania

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the largest country in Oceania and the world's sixth-largest country by total area. The neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north; the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east; and New Zealand to the south-east. The population of 25 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard. Australia's capital is Canberra, and its largest city is Sydney. The country's other major metropolitan areas are Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide.

Contents

Description

Lysiana is a genus of aerial shrubs, which are parasitic on the stems of their hosts. They are erect to pendulous, smooth and with no epicortical runners. The leaves are opposite, and sometimes clustered on shortened axes, and flat with pinnate venation or compressed or terete. The inflorescence is axillary, and may be either a pedunculate or sessile two-flowered umbel or a single flower. The flowers have just one bract per flower. The six Petals are united into a curved tube inflated in middle and unequally divided, more deeply so and more reflexed on concave side. The stamens are equal. The anthers are fixed at the base, and about as long as free part of filament. [1]

Species include

<i>Lysiana exocarpi</i> species of plant

Lysiana exocarpi, commonly known as harlequin mistletoe, is a species of hemiparasitic shrub, endemic to Australia. It is in the Gondwanan family Loranthaceae and is probably the most derived genus of that family with 12 pairs of chromosomes. The Loranthaceae is the most diverse family in the mistletoe group with over 900 species worldwide and including the best known species in Australia. Mistletoes are notable for their relationships with other species. In an early reference to the group in Australia Allan Cunningham explorer and first Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, wrote in 1817: "The Bastard Box is frequently much encumbered with the twining adhering Loranthus aurantiacus which 'Scorning the soil, aloft she springs, Shakes her red plumes and claps her golden wings'."

<i>Lysiana murrayi</i> species of plant

Lysiana murrayi is an erect or spreading hemi-parasitic shrub in the Loranthaceae which occurs in all mainland states of Australia except Victoria. It has flat narrow leaves. The leaves are 2.5-6 cm long, 1–3.5 mm wide, do not have a distinct petiole, and the venation is not visible. The inflorescence is a solitary flower or pair of flowers without a common peduncle. The pedicels are 8–20 mm long, and strongly winged towards the apex. The spreading, membranous bracts are 2–3 mm long, and rounded at the apex. The corolla of the mature bud is usually 18–28 mm long, and white, yellow or pink. The fruit is globose, 7–12 mm long, and pink or red.

<i>Lysiana subfalcata</i> species of plant

Lysiana subfalcata, common name Northern mistletoe, is a spreading to pendulous hemi-parasitic shrub in the Loranthaceae which occurs in all mainland states of Australia except Victoria.

Related Research Articles

<i>Regelia</i> genus of plants

Regelia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The genus is composed of five species of small leaved, evergreen shrubs which have heads of flowers on the ends of branches which continue to grow after flowering. Another species, previously known as Regelia punicea and which is endemic to Kakadu National Park in the Northern Territory, has been transferred to Melaleuca punicea.

<i>Amyema</i> genus of plants

Amyema is a genus of semi-parasitic shrubs (mistletoes) which occur in Malesia and Australia.

<i>Korthalsella</i> genus of plants

Korthalsella is a genus of flowering plants in the sandalwood family, Santalaceae. It contains about 25 species distributed in Asia, Africa, Australia, and some Pacific Islands.

<i>Bellendena</i> species of plant

Bellendena montana, commonly known as mountain rocket, is a species of low-growing multi-stemmed shrub in the plant family Proteaceae. It is endemic to high-altitude subalpine and alpine regions in Tasmania, Australia. The prominent white flower spikes appear over summer, followed by small bright red or yellow fruit in late summer and autumn.

<i>Amyema quandang</i> species of plant

Amyema quandang is a species of hemi-parasitic shrub which is widespread throughout the mainland of Australia, especially arid inland regions, sometimes referred to as the grey mistletoe.

<i>Dendrophthoe</i> genus of plants

Dendrophthoe is a genus of hemiparasitic shrubs found in Asia and Australia known as mistletoes. The genus was described by German naturalist Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius in 1830.

<i>Capparis lasiantha</i> species of plant

Capparis lasiantha is an endemic Australian plant with a range that extends from The Kimberley through The Northern Territory and Queensland to Northern New South Wales, primarily in drier inland areas although the species extends to the coast in Central Queensland. Common names are numerous and include Wyjeelah, Nepine, Split Jack, Nipang Creeper, Nipan, Native Orange and Bush Caper.

<i>Decaisnina</i> genus of plants

Decaisnina is a genus of semi-parasitic shrubs (mistletoes) that occur in Australia. The type species is D. glauca. Around thirty species are known, found from northern Australia to Tahiti and the Philippines.

Atkinsonia is a parasitic shrub with oppositely set, entire leaves and yellowish, later rusty-red colored flowers, that is found in Eastern Australia. It is a monotypic genus, the only species being A. ligustrina, and is assigned to the showy mistletoe family. It is sometimes called Louisa's mistletoe.

<i>Muellerina</i> (plant) genus of plants

Muellerina is a genus of parasitic arial shrubs in the family Loranthaceae.

<i>Amyema maidenii</i> species of plant

Amyema maidenii is a species of flowering plant within the genus Amyema, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Australia and found Australia-wide in the inland.

<i>Amyema melaleucae</i> species of plant

Amyema melaleucae, also known as the tea-tree mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Amyema, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Australia and found in Western Australia and South Australia on the coast, from north of Perth almost to the Victorian border.

<i>Muellerina bidwillii</i> species of plant

Muellerina bidwillii, common name Cypress-pine mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic arial shrub in the family Loranthaceae. The species is endemic to New South Wales and Queensland.

<i>Muellerina myrtifolia</i> species of plant

Muellerina myrtifolia, common name myrtle-leaved mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic arial shrub in the family Loranthaceae. The species is endemic to New South Wales and Queensland.

<i>Cecarria</i> species of plant

Cecarria is a monotypic genus in the Loranthaceae family. The sole species is Cecarria obtusifolia, a hemiparasitic aerial shrub.

<i>Amylotheca</i> genus of plants

Amylotheca is a genus of hemi-parasitic arial shrubs in the family Loranthaceae, found in Borneo, Malaysia, New Caledonia, New Guinea, Australia, Sumatra, Thailand, and Vanuatu.

<i>Korthalsella rubra</i> species of plant

Korthalsella rubra is a flowering plant in the Santalaceae (sandalwood) family, formerly placed in the Viscaceae.

References

  1. Barlow, B.A. (1984) Flora of Australia online: Lysiana. Flora of Australia Volume 22 (1984), a product of ABRS, ©Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 30 September 2018.

The Australian Plant Name Index (APNI) is an online database of all published names of Australian vascular plants. It covers all names, whether current names, synonyms or invalid names. It includes bibliographic and typification details, information from the Australian Plant Census including distribution by state, links to other resources such as specimen collection maps and plant photographs, and the facility for notes and comments on other aspects.