Lysiana subfalcata

Last updated

Lysiana subfalcata
Lysiana subfalcata P6140566.jpg
Lysiana subfalcata
Scientific classification Red Pencil Icon.png
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Santalales
Family: Loranthaceae
Genus: Lysiana
Species:
L. subfalcata
Binomial name
Lysiana subfalcata
LysianasubfalcataDistMap10.png
Occurrence data from AVH
Synonyms [3]
  • Loranthus subfalcatus Hook.
  • Loranthus exocarpi var. subfalcatus (Hook.) Domin
  • Loranthus exocarpi var. venulosus Blakely

Lysiana subfalcata, common name Northern mistletoe, [4] is a spreading to pendulous [5] hemi-parasitic shrub in the Loranthaceae [1] (a mistletoe family) which occurs in all mainland states of Australia except Victoria. [5] [6] [7] [4]

Contents

Description

Lysiana subfalcata is a smooth mistletoe with no hairs on its branches, leaves or flowers. [8] The leaves are oblanceolate, mostly grey-green, 20–120 mm long and 4–20 mm wide, and do not always have a midvein. [8] The paired flowers have an unlobed or weakly lobed calyx and a corolla which is 25–50 mm long. [8] The mature corolla is red, rarely yellow, and sometimes green or black tipped. [5] The fruits are indehiscent, succulent, yellowish and 8–14 mm long, [8] usually pale and somewhat translucent. [5]

Lysiana subfalcata is distinguished from other local (Northern Territory) species of Lysiana by the combination of its oblanceolate leaves, its non-winged pedicels, the paired flowers on a common peduncle, its non-septate anthers, the largely red corolla tube with green or yellow lobes, and the yellowish fruit that are longer than wide. [8]

Lysiana subfalcata can be confused with Lysiana spathulata , but L. spathulata has broader leaves, septate anthers, and a slightly different host and habitat range. [8]

Flowering and fruiting

The South Australian flora website [4] describes it as flowering and fruiting throughout the year, but in the Northern Territory, the Northern Territory flora website states that it flowers from March to October and fruits from April to October. [8]

Ecology

It is found in open forests and woodland. [5] [6] However, the Northern Territory flora website describes it as occurring on rocky or gravelly ranges, on hills or rises, on sandplains, and on intermittent watercourses and run-on areas. [8]

Major hosts for Lysiana subfalcata in Western Australia are species in the genera Lysiphyllum , Eucalyptus , and Acacia , [7] while in South Australia, and New South Wales (and for Australia) they are listed as species in the genera Atalaya , Heterodendrum , Bauhinia , Santalum and the family Casuarinaceae. [4] [6] [5] Hosts in the Northern Territory are listed as including species of Acacia , Alectryon , Atalaya , Capparis , Eucalyptus , Grevillea , Pittosporum , Senna and Vachellia . [8]

Ethnobotany

Aboriginal groups use Lysiana subfalcata in various ways: [8]

Related Research Articles

<i>Lysiana</i> Genus of mistletoes

Lysiana is a genus of hemiparasitic shrubs endemic to Australia, in the family Loranthaceae.

<i>Eucalyptus victrix</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus victrix, commonly known as the smooth-barked coolibah, western coolibah or little ghost gum, is a species of small tree that is endemic to Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, creamy white flowers and conical fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus microtheca</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus microtheca, commonly known as the coolibah, is a species of tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has rough, flaky or fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and spherical to conical fruit. It is widely distributed from the Kimberley region of Western Australia to Cape York in Queensland.

<i>Eucalyptus spathulata</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus spathulata, commonly known as swamp mallet, narrow leaved gimlet or swamp gimlet, is a species of mallet that is endemic to Western Australia. It has a dense crown, smooth, satin-like bark, glossy green, linear leaves, flower buds in groups of three or seven, white flowers and cup-shaped to conical fruit.

<i>Lysiana exocarpi</i> Species of mistletoe

Lysiana exocarpi, commonly known as harlequin mistletoe, is a species of hemiparasitic shrub, endemic to Australia. It is in the Gondwanan family Loranthaceae and is probably the most derived genus of that family with 12 pairs of chromosomes. The Loranthaceae is the most diverse family in the mistletoe group with over 900 species worldwide and including the best known species in Australia. Mistletoes are notable for their relationships with other species. In an early reference to the group in Australia Allan Cunningham explorer and first Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney, wrote in 1817: "The Bastard Box is frequently much encumbered with the twining adhering Loranthus aurantiacus which 'Scorning the soil, aloft she springs, Shakes her red plumes and claps her golden wings'."

<i>Atkinsonia</i> Genus of mistletoes

Atkinsonia is a hemi-parasitic shrub with oppositely set, entire leaves and yellowish, later rusty-red colored flowers, that is found in Eastern Australia. It is a monotypic genus, the only species being Atkinsonia ligustrina, and is assigned to the showy mistletoe family, Loranthaceae. It is sometimes called Louisa's mistletoe.

<i>Atalaya hemiglauca</i> Species of plant

Atalaya hemiglauca, commonly known as whitewood or cattle bush, is a species of plant in the soapberry (Sapindaceae) family. It is native to northern and inland Australia where it occurs from Western Australia through the Northern Territory and South Australia to Queensland and northern New South Wales.

Persoonia spathulata is a species of flowering plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect to spreading shrub with hairy young branchlets, spatula-shaped leaves, and yellow flowers arranged singly or in pairs on a rachis up to 2 mm (0.079 in) long that continues to grow after flowering.

<i>Eucalyptus exserta</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus exserta, commonly known as Queensland peppermint, peppermint, bendo, yellow messmate or messmate, is a species of tree or a mallee and is endemic to eastern Australia. It has hard, fibrous bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and hemispherical or cup-shaped fruit.

<i>Eucalyptus tetrodonta</i> Species of eucalyptus

Eucalyptus tetrodonta, commonly known as Darwin stringybark or messmate, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree that is endemic to northern Australia. It has rough, stringy or fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped leaves arranged in opposite pairs, flowers buds in groups of three, whitish to cream-coloured flowers and cylindrical fruit.

<i>Muellerina eucalyptoides</i> Species of plant

Muellerina eucalyptoides, commonly known as creeping mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic arial shrub in the family Loranthaceae. The species is endemic to Australia. M. eucalyptoides is pendulous in habit, unlike other Muellerina species, but has the long epicortical runners of all Muellerina species.

<i>Amyema bifurcata</i> Species of epiphyte

Amyema bifurcata is an epiphytic, flowering, hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Australia and found in Western Australia, the Northern Territory, Queensland and New South Wales.

<i>Abutilon otocarpum</i> Species of flowering plant

Abutilon otocarpum, the desert lantern, is a small shrub of the family Malvaceae found in most parts of Australia.

<i>Amyema biniflora</i> Species of epiphyte

Amyema biniflora, the twin-flower mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Amyema, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae endemic to Queensland, Australia.

<i>Amyema sanguinea</i> Species of mistletoe

Amyema sanguinea is an arial hemiparasitic shrub within the genus Amyema, in the family Loranthaceae and native to Australia, where it is found in New South Wales, Queensland, the Northern Territory, South Australia and Western Australia.

<i>Amyema melaleucae</i> Species of plant

Amyema melaleucae, also known as the tea-tree mistletoe, is a species of flowering plant within the genus Amyema, an epiphytic hemiparasitic plant of the family Loranthaceae native to Australia and found in Western Australia and South Australia on the coast, from north of Perth almost to the Victorian border.

<i>Muellerina bidwillii</i> Species of mistletoe

Muellerina bidwillii, common name Cypress-pine mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic arial shrub in the family Loranthaceae. The species is endemic to New South Wales and Queensland.

<i>Lysiana murrayi</i> Species of mistletoe

Lysiana murrayi is an erect or spreading hemi-parasitic shrub in the Loranthaceae which occurs in all mainland states of Australia except Victoria. It has flat narrow leaves. The leaves are 2.5–6 cm long, 1–3.5 mm wide, do not have a distinct petiole, and the venation is not visible. The inflorescence is a solitary flower or pair of flowers without a common peduncle. The pedicels are 8–20 mm long, and strongly winged towards the apex. The spreading, membranous bracts are 2–3 mm long, and rounded at the apex. The corolla of the mature bud is usually 18–28 mm long, and white, yellow or pink. The fruit is globose, 7–12 mm long, and pink or red.

<i>Muellerina celastroides</i> Species of mistletoe

Muellerina celastroides, common names Banksia mistletoe and coast mistletoe, is a hemiparasitic arial shrub in the family Loranthaceae. The species is endemic to New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland.

Amyema plicatula is a species of hemi-parasitic shrub found in the Bismarck Archipelago, New Guinea, New South Wales and Queensland.

References

  1. 1 2 "Lysiana subfalcata". Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  2. Barlow, B.A. (1963) Studies in Australian Loranthaceae, III: A revision of the genus Lysiana Tiegh. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 88(2): 141, fig. 1 e-i
  3. Govaerts, R. et al. (2018) Plants of the world online: Lysiana subfalcata Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  4. 1 2 3 4 SA Flora: Lysiana subfalcata
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Barlow, B.A. (1984) Flora of Australia online: Lysiana subfalcata. Data derived from Flora of Australia Volume 22 (1984), a product of ABRS, ©Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
  6. 1 2 3 PlantNET: Lysiana subfalcata
  7. 1 2 "Lysiana subfalcata". FloraBase . Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions. OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 NT Flora factsheet: Lysiana subfalcata. Northern Territory Government. Retrieved 24 November 2018.