Machang Bubuk

Machang Bubuk
Penang constituency
State constituency
Legislature	Penang State Legislative Assembly
MLA	Lee Khai Loon ; PH
;
Constituency created	1974
First contested	1974 (as Machang Bubok)
Last contested	2023
Demographics
Electors (2023)	56,538
Area (km²)	62

Last updated September 25, 2025

Machang Bubuk is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly.^[3]

The state constituency was first contested in 1974 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system. Since 2013^[update], the State Assemblyman for Machang Bubuk is Lee Khai Loon from the Parti Keadilan Rakyat (PKR), which is part of the state's ruling coalition, Pakatan Harapan (PH).^[4]

Definition

Polling districts

According to the federal gazette issued on 30 March 2018, the Machang Bubuk constituency is divided into 11 polling districts.^[5]

State constituency	Polling District	Code	Location

Machang Bubuk (N14)	To'Kun	045/14/01	SK Juara
	Machang Bubok	045/14/02	SK Machang Bubok
	Bukit Teh	045/14/03	SK Bukit Teh
	Alma	045/14/04	SJK (C) Sin Ya
	Taman Seri Kijang	045/14/05	SK Alma Jaya
	Bukit Minyak	045/14/06	SMK Alma
	Permatang Tinggi	045/14/07	SJK (C) Permatang Tinggi
	Gajah Mati	045/14/08	SMA Al-Mahadul Islami
	Taman Jambu	045/14/09	SJK (C) Kay Sin
	Taman Seri Janggus	045/14/10	SMK Taman Sejahtera
	Taman Alma Jaya	045/14/11	SK Alma Jaya

Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Machang Bubuk's electorate as of 2023 ^[6]

Chinese (51.4%)
Malay (35.2%)
Indian (12.7%)
Other ethnicities (0.69%)

Total electors by polling district in 2016
Polling district	Electors
To’ Kun	2,859
Machang Bubok	3,647
Bukit Teh	1,252
Alma	1,421
Taman Seri Kijang	4,113
Bukit Minyak	2,147
Permatang Tinggi	3,653
Gajah Mati	1,242
Taman Jambu	2,202
Taman Seri Janggus	5,427
Taman Alma Jaya	4,226
Total	32,189
Source: Malaysian Election Commission ^[7]

History

The Machang Bubuk state constituency was originally named Machang Bubok when it was created prior to the 1974 State Election. It was then renamed during the 1995 State Election.^[8]

Penang State Legislative Assemblyman for Machang Bubuk
Assembly	Years	Member	Party
Constituency created from Alma
4th	1974 – 1978	Lim Heng Tee	BN (GERAKAN)
5th	1978 – 1982
6th	1982 – 1986
7th	1986 – 1990	Goik Hock Lai
8th	1990 – 1995	Goik Hock Lai
9th	1995 – 1999	Toh Kin Woon
10th	1999 – 2004
11th	2004 – 2008
12th	2008 – 2013	Tan Hock Leong	PR (PKR)
13th	2013 – 2018	Lee Khai Loon	PR (PKR)
14th	2018 – 2023		PH (PKR)
15th	2023–present		PH (PKR)

Election results

The electoral results for the Machang Bubuk state constituency from 1974 to 2018 are as follows.

Penang state election, 2023 : Machang Bubok
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	PH	Lee Khai Loon	28,777	69.10	0.10
	PN	Tan Hum Wei	12,855	30.90	30.90
Total valid votes			41,632	100.00
Total rejected ballots			213
Unreturned ballots			52
Turnout			41,897	74.10	12.20
Registered electors			56,538
Majority			15,922	38.20	14.80
	PH hold		Swing

Penang state election, 2018 : Machang Bubuk
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	PH	Lee Khai Loon	21,819	69.00	1.70
	PAS	Md Jamil Abd Rahman	5,072	16.00	16.00
	BN	Tan Teik Cheng	4,658	14.70	11.90
	Parti Rakyat Malaysia	Teng Ah Ba	53	0.20	0.20
	Malaysian United Party	Lim Jhun Hou	28	0.10	0.10
Total valid votes			31,630	100.00
Total rejected ballots			376
Unreturned ballots			132
Turnout			32,138	86.30	3.00
Registered electors			37,260
Majority			16,747	53.00	8.90
	PH hold		Swing
Source(s) "His Majesty's Government Gazette - Notice of Contested Election, State Legislative Assembly for the State of Penang [P.U. (B) 252/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 3 May 2018. Retrieved 2018-08-01.^{[ permanent dead link ]} "Federal Government Gazette - Results of Contested Election and Statements of the Poll after the Official Addition of Votes, State Constituencies for the State of Penang [P.U. (B) 326/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 28 May 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-08-29. Retrieved 2018-08-01.

Penang state election, 2013 : Machang Bubuk
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	PKR	Lee Khai Loon	19,080	70.70	9.30
	BN	Tan Lok Heah	7,180	26.60	12.00
	Independent	Wan Balkis Wan Abdullah	252	0.90	0.90
	Independent	Tan Hock Leong	172	0.60	0.60
	KITA	Vikneswaran Muniandy	159	0.60	0.60
	Independent	Ooi Suan Hoe	152	0.60	0.60
Total valid votes			26,995	100.00
Total rejected ballots			470
Unreturned ballots			0
Turnout			27,465	89.30	7.80
Registered electors			30,771
Majority			11,900	44.10	21.30
	PKR hold		Swing
Source(s) "Federal Government Gazette - Notice of Contested Election, State Legislative Assembly for the State of Penang [P.U. (B) 189/2013]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 2016-05-21.^{[ permanent dead link ]} "Federal Government Gazette - Results of Contested Election and Statements of the Poll after the Official Addition of Votes, State Constituencies for the State of Penang [P.U. (B) 230/2013]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 22 May 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-22. Retrieved 2016-05-21.

Penang state election, 2008 : Machang Bubuk
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	PKR	Tan Hock Leong	11,002	61.40	30.00
	BN	Lee Kah Choon	6,922	38.60	30.00
Total valid votes			17,924	100.00
Total rejected ballots			349
Unreturned ballots			6
Turnout			18,279	81.50	1.20
Registered electors			22,424
Majority			4,080	22.80	14.40
	PKR gain from BN		Swing		?
Source(s) ^[8]

Penang state election, 2004 : Machang Bubuk
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Toh Kin Woon	10,410	68.60	12.60
	PKR	Lim Boon Tong	4,755	31.40	12.60
Total valid votes			15,165	100.00
Total rejected ballots			352
Unreturned ballots			2
Turnout			15,519	80.30	1.20
Registered electors			19,338
Majority			5,655	37.20	25.20
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) 1. "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen dan Dewan Undangan Negeri Bagi Tahun 2004". Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. Retrieved 2019-01-03.

Penang state election, 1999 : Machang Bubuk
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Toh Kin Woon	9,631	56.00	11.00
	PKR	Lim Boon Tong	7,572	44.00	44.00
Total valid votes			17,203	100.00
Total rejected ballots			379
Unreturned ballots			12
Turnout			17,594	79.10	0.60
Registered electors			22,233
Majority			2,059	12.00	22.00
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) 1. "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen dan Dewan Undangan Negeri Bagi Tahun 1999". Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. Retrieved 2019-01-03.

Penang state election, 1995 : Machang Bubuk
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Toh Kin Woon	10,618	67.00	13.60
	DAP	Chin Kooi Thoon	5,233	33.00	6.50
Total valid votes			15,851	100.00
Total rejected ballots			412
Unreturned ballots			16
Turnout			16,279	78.50	2.60
Registered electors			20,732
Majority			5,385	34.00	20.10
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) 1. "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen dan Dewan Undangan Negeri Bagi Tahun 1995". Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. Retrieved 2019-01-03.

Penang state election, 1990 : Machang Bubok
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Goik Hock Lai	7,497	53.40	0.20
	DAP	Choong Ah Keoh	5,545	39.50	6.80
	Independent	A. Raman Manap	996	7.10	7.10
Total valid votes			14,038	100.00
Total rejected ballots			338
Unreturned ballots
Turnout			14,376	81.10	3.50
Registered electors			17,719
Majority			1,952	13.90	6.60
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) 1. "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen dan Dewan Undangan Negeri Bagi Tahun 1990". Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. Retrieved 2019-01-03.

Penang state election, 1986 : Machang Bubok
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Goik Hock Lai	6,426	53.20	10.60
	DAP	Goh Kheng Huat	3,951	32.70	16.20
	PAS	Yusof Abdul Latif	1,690	14.00	5.60
Total valid votes			12,073	100.00
Total rejected ballots			301
Unreturned ballots
Turnout			12,374	77.60	3.60
Registered electors			15,938
Majority			2,475	20.50	23.70
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) 1. "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen dan Dewan Undangan Negeri Bagi Tahun 1986". Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya Malaysia. Retrieved 2019-01-03.

Penang state election, 1982 : Machang Bubok
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Lim Heng Tee	6,859	63.80	25.60
	PAS	Ahmad Sobki Abdullah	2,110	19.60	7.30
	DAP	Tan Eng Tut @ Tan Eng Tuck	1,778	16.50	15.70
Total valid votes			10,747	100.00
Total rejected ballots			282
Unreturned ballots
Turnout			11,029	81.20	1.10
Registered electors			13,576
Majority			4,749	44.20	38.20
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) 1. Hasan Hamzah (2004). Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri 1959-1999. Shah Alam: Anzagain Sdn. Bhd. ISBN 983-037-152-2.

Penang state election, 1978 : Machang Bubok
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Lim Heng Tee	3,301	38.20	11.80
	DAP	Ooi Chew Fong	2,782	32.20	0.90
	PAS	Hussein Ismail	2,318	26.90	26.90
	Homeland Consciousness Union	Gurdial Singh	130	1.50	5.40
	Independent	Ismail Helmy	100	1.20	1.20
Total valid votes			8,631	100.00
Total rejected ballots			400
Unreturned ballots
Turnout			9,031	82.30	1.20
Registered electors			10,968
Majority			519	6.00	12.70
	BN hold		Swing
Source(s) 1. Hasan Hamzah (2004). Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri 1959-1999. Shah Alam: Anzagain Sdn. Bhd. ISBN 983-037-152-2.

Penang state election, 1974 : Machang Bubok
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	BN	Lim Heng Tee	3,198	50.00
	DAP	Shaik Adam	2,005	31.30
	Homeland Consciousness Union	Syed Abdullah Syed Muhammad	440	6.90
	Parti Rakyat Malaysia	Othman Taib	435	6.80
	PEKEMAS	Mohd Noor Othman	322	5.00
Total valid votes			6,400	100.00
Total rejected ballots			397
Unreturned ballots
Turnout			6,797	81.10
Registered electors			8,386
Majority			1,193	18.70
This was a new constituency created.
Source(s) 1. Hasan Hamzah (2004). Almanak Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum: Parlimen & Dewan Undangan Negeri 1959-1999. Shah Alam: Anzagain Sdn. Bhd. ISBN 983-037-152-2.

References

↑ "Electoral Roll for the 14th Malaysian General Election Updated as of 10 April 2018" (PDF) (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. 2018-04-16. p. 12. Retrieved 2018-04-25.
↑ Laporan Kajian Semula Persempadanan Mengenai Syor-Syor Yang Dicadangkan Bagi Bahagian-Bahagian Pilihan Raya Persekutuan Dan Negeri Di Dalam Negeri-Negeri Tanah Melayu Kali Keenam Tahun 2018 Jilid 1 (PDF) (Report) (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. 2018. Retrieved 2018-04-15.
↑ "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya". Election Commission of Malaysia . Archived from the original on 2016-04-24.
↑ "14th General Election Malaysia (GE14 / PRU14) - Penang". election.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 2018-05-12.
↑ "Federal Government Gazette: Notice of Polling Districts and Polling Centres for the Federal and State Constituencies of the States of Malaya [P.U. (B) 157/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 2018-03-30. Retrieved 2019-01-03.^{[ permanent dead link ]}
↑ "15th Penang State Election - Results Overview". live.chinapress.com. Retrieved 2023-08-13.
↑ "Report on the Redelineation of Electoral Constituencies in Peninsular Malaysia in 2018" (PDF). Election Commission of Malaysia . 1. 2018.
1 2 "Undi.info - Machang Bubuk (P45-N14)". Archived from the original on 2018-07-09. Retrieved 2018-05-27.

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[1] "Electoral Roll for the 14th Malaysian General Election Updated as of 10 April 2018" (PDF) (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. 2018-04-16. p. 12. Retrieved 2018-04-25.

[2] Laporan Kajian Semula Persempadanan Mengenai Syor-Syor Yang Dicadangkan Bagi Bahagian-Bahagian Pilihan Raya Persekutuan Dan Negeri Di Dalam Negeri-Negeri Tanah Melayu Kali Keenam Tahun 2018 Jilid 1 (PDF) (Report) (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. 2018. Retrieved 2018-04-15.

[3] "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya". Election Commission of Malaysia . Archived from the original on 2016-04-24.

[star-4] "14th General Election Malaysia (GE14 / PRU14) - Penang". election.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 2018-05-12.

[5] "Federal Government Gazette: Notice of Polling Districts and Polling Centres for the Federal and State Constituencies of the States of Malaya [P.U. (B) 157/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 2018-03-30. Retrieved 2019-01-03.^{[ permanent dead link ]}

[6] "15th Penang State Election - Results Overview". live.chinapress.com. Retrieved 2023-08-13.

[2018report-7] "Report on the Redelineation of Electoral Constituencies in Peninsular Malaysia in 2018" (PDF). Election Commission of Malaysia . 1. 2018.

[undi-8] 1 2 "Undi.info - Machang Bubuk (P45-N14)". Archived from the original on 2018-07-09. Retrieved 2018-05-27.

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