Mallawan

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Mallawan
Town
Mallawan block map.png
Map of Mallawan CD block
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Mallawan
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
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Mallawan
Mallawan (India)
Coordinates: 27°02′32″N80°08′54″E / 27.0421°N 80.1483°E / 27.0421; 80.1483
CountryFlag of India.svg  India
State Uttar Pradesh
Division Lucknow
District Hardoi
Government
 • Type Municipal Council
 • BodyMallanwan Municipal Council
 • Municipal ChairpersonTabassum (IND) [1]
 •  Lok Sabha MP Ashok Kumar Rawat (BJP)
 •  MLA Ashish Kumar Singh (BJP)
Area
 • Total11.43 km2 (4.41 sq mi)
Population
 (2011) [2]
 • Total36,915
 • Density3,200/km2 (8,400/sq mi)
Time zone IST
Area code 05851
Vehicle registration UP-30

Mallawan, also spelled Mallanwan is a town and Nagar Palika Parishad in Hardoi district of Uttar Pradesh, India. [2] It served as the original district headquarters from 1856 to 1858. [3] It is located south of Bilgram, on the road to Unnao. [4] Mallawan is a major centre of handloom weaving, with handloom cloth being a major export. [3] As of 2011, the population of Mallawan is 36,915, in 6,086 households. [2] It is included in the legislative assembly constituency of Bilgram-Mallanwan.

Contents

Geography

It is located at 27°2'8"N 80°9'6"E [5] and its average elevation is 142 metres. River Ganga passes, touching its border to Kannauj. Mallawan is located 47 km south-east of Hardoi and 92 km from state capital Lucknow.

Demography

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1901 11,158—    
1911 10,757−3.6%
1921 9,605−10.7%
1931 10,150+5.7%
1941 11,084+9.2%
1951 11,508+3.8%
1961 Not given—    
1971 Not given—    
1981 20,323—    
1991 26,922+32.5%
2001 31,860+18.3%
2011 36,915+15.9%
Source: 2011 Census of India [2]

Per 2011 census Mallawan had a total population of 36,915, out of which 19,404 (53%) were male and 17,511 (47%) female. [6] It had a literacy rate of 68.71% & present literacy rate is 78.6%. It is divided into 25 wards. 57% of the population were Hindus, 42.5% were Muslims, and the remaining 0.5% belonged to other religions.

History

It's possible that Mallawan was a Buddhist site at the same time that Kannauj was, given the short distance between them, but this is uncertain. [4] An image of Asa Devi found in a temple here is "probably of Buddhist origin." [4]

In early times, the Mallawan area was ruled by the Thatheras until they were driven out by the Chandelas (in the west) and the Kurmis (in the east). [4] Then, in 1033, it was invaded by Ghazi Sayyid Salar Masud; the tomb of one of his companions is found in Mallawan, in the neighbourhood of Uncha Tola. [4] According to tradition, Mallawan was once called "Ghazipur" in Masud's honour. Mallawan's Sheikh community claims to have originally come to the town at this time. [4] Later, in 1544, three of the Sheikhs were given a grant in the neighbouring village of Mohiuddinpur by Sher Shah Suri, on the condition that they reside there, recite prayers five times daily in the mosque, and shooting ten arrows after reading the afternoon prayers. [4]

The wandering saint Makhdum Shah, also called Misbah-ul-Ashiqin, came to Mallawan in 1415. [4] His dargah is located here. [4] Similar in style to that of Sadr Jahan in Pihani, it is clad with large kankar blocks, along with some sandstone, and it is crowned by a plain dome supported by 8 "richly ornamented" Hindu-style pillars. [4] According to a book written in 1529 by one of his descendants, Makhdum Shah was invited to the imperial court at Delhi by Sikandar Lodi, but he declined and instead sent two of his followers. [4] As a result, his follower Misbah-ul-Islam, aka Qazi Bhikari, was appointed qazi of Mallawan Pargana. [4]

Mallawan is listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as the seat of a pargana. [4] The town's jama masjid was built during Akbar's reign out of kankar blocks taken from an older building. [4] By the turn of the 20th century, however, the mosque was described as being in ruins. [4]

In 1726, Shitab Rai was made chakladar of Mallawan. [4] He became infamous for acquiring property by burying landowners alive and then making their heirs sell it to him. [4] According to the first British settlement report in the mid-19th century, the landowners' bones were still sometimes dug up by farmers around the old chakladar compound. [4]

In 1765, Jesuit missionary and traveller Joseph Tiefenthaler visited Mallawan. [4] He described it as a small but densely populated town surrounded by trees, with most buildings being made out of brick. [4] There was a fort with towers, of mixed brick and mud construction, but by the early 1900s it had disappeared and the site had become farmland. [4]

The 1773 treaty between the Nawab of Awadh and the British East India Company designated Mallawan as the site of a cantonment of British troops. [4] The cantonment was by the road to Bilgram, in the village of Faizpur Kampu. [4] It was in use until 1777, when it was moved to Kanpur, leading to Kanpur becoming a major city. [4] Meanwhile, the Nawab had a military garrison in Mallawan itself until the 1850s. [4]

With the advent of British Rule, followed by the annexation of Oudh in 1856, Mallawan was made district headquarter and possessed considerable political importance. [7] During the struggle of 1857 the Raikawars, independence fighters from nearby village Rudamau, burned Mallawan's court house. Conditions worsened, leading to the move of the district headquarter to Hardoi.

At the turn of the 20th century, Mallawan was described as a very spread-out town, consisting of several villages agglomerated together. [4] They were Mohiuddinpur in the north; Gangarampur, Mirzapur, Gobardhanpur, and Mallawan itself in the middle, and Bhagwantnagar in the south. [4] Mallawan had seven muhallas at the time: Bhagwantnagar, Gurdasganj, Pathan Tola, Uncha Tola, Nasratnagar, Qazi Tola, and Chauhatta. [4] The town had a police station, a post office, a cattle pound, an inspection bungalow, and a middle school, along with a Sanskrit patshala in Bajiganj. [4] There was also a military encampment to the south of the road. [4] Markets were held at Gurdasganj on Mondays and Fridays, and at Bhagwantnagar on Sundays and Wednesdays. [4] Mallawan was not a major commercial centre at the time, although Bhagwantnagar was renowned for its dishes and brass spoons. [4] The Man Devi fair, held in Kuar and Chait, then had an average attendance of about 4,000 people. [4]

Education

Mallawan is home to one of the oldest high schools in India, founded in 1857 by Ram Sahai Bajpai as Adarsh Shri Prasad Mahavidyalaya at Bajiganj. B.N.Inter College is also one of the oldest colleges, Its full name is Bhagwant Nagar Inter College. It is in Bhagwant Nagar. [8]

Villages

Mallawan CD block has the following 83 villages: [2]

Village nameTotal land area (hectares)Population (in 2011)
Khangheria 6103,694
Manjhgaon 638.73,219
Bansa 1,452.35,062
Kanthari 506.32,777
Nayagaon 304.62,180
Tarhatiya 123.6702
Maghiyaee Zaferpur 369.21,550
Daroo Kuinya 344.71,994
Herwal 370.51,335
Visheshwarpur 173.4666
Santapur 66.90
Bhasoorha 81.2585
Bakhaura 416.32,490
Newada Paras 421.81,674
Nasrat Nagar 68.10
Bandipur 327.30
Shyampur 178.60
Bhagwant Nagar 160.10
Govardhanpur 78.10
Mirzapur 84.10
Tendua 374.52,686
Goswa 248.42,137
Purwawan 813.34,435
Bikapur 262.71,966
Newada Mahmood 162.2575
Ganga Rampur 181.60
Darapur 281.61,485
Bharhwal Salempur 393.72,118
Barauna 284.23,077
Raghorampur 159.5806
Bhagtoopur 108.2861
Nasirpur 148.8434
Ishwarpur Saee 375.33,577
Munwarpur 107.4528
Islampur Jagai 436.83,054
Manimau 128.6789
Daudpur 136.2467
Menhdipur 185.51,059
Sumerpur 162880
Mahneypur 123919
Mirnagar 144.1617
Lachhipur 181.61,378
Bhool Bhawanipur 96.6941
Sadipur 41.40
Mustafabad 101.31,030
Sukroula 128.6798
Ausanpur 96.8578
Harraiya 422.21,923
Hazratpur 73.61,051
Dasraichmau 118.8458
Puranmau 352.72,129
Beria Nazirpur 452.93,247
Sahimpur 25.8370
Murtaza Kullipur 109.2986
Shahpur Pawanr Sisala 429.73,836
Shahpur Pawanr Pansala 767.8962
Rampur 126.6920
Mansoor Nagar 211.81,771
Mahmoodpur 132.4379
Kodarmau 136.11,104
Nekpur 60.6222
Kokatmau 250.31,314
Khairuddinpur 182757
Kalyanpur 129.11,402
Sunasi 258.71,188
Tejipur 645.63,606
Musepur 63.20
Barhuwan 338.82,966
Akbarpur 1882,209
Sarai Gauri 69.8985
Rajaypur 165.7997
Shahabuddinpur 184.91,083
Shahpur Ganga 354.53,864
Teria Bhawanipur 409.72,035
Fulai 541.52,188
Ibrahimpur 376.42,901
Sarai Sultan 160.21,757
Parmi 206.71,423
Atwara Chak Kola 376.52,076
Jalalabad 159.43,848
Bjikharipur Katiya 3161,380
Sultanpur Kot 243.31,389
Alapur 127.71,119

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References

  1. ↑ "2023 UP Municipal Election results". ECI Uttar Pradesh. Retrieved 22 May 2023.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Census of India 2011: Uttar Pradesh District Census Handbook - Hardoi, Part A (Village and Town Directory)" (PDF). Census 2011 India. pp. 300–16, 578–81. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  3. 1 2 Census 1981 Uttar Pradesh: District Census Handbook Part XIII-A: Village & Town Directory, District Hardoi (PDF). 1982. pp. 1, 6, 12, 16. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 Nevill, H.R. (1904). Hardoi - A Gazetteer. Allahabad: Government Press. pp. 219–26. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
  5. ↑ "MALLAWAN - Wikimapia". wikimapia.org. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  6. ↑ "Mallawan City Population Census 2011 - Uttar Pradesh". www.census2011.co.in. Retrieved 22 July 2016.
  7. ↑ "Hardoi district Gazette" (PDF).
  8. ↑ Gazetteer of Hardoi District. 1970. p. 217 – via open.
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