Rattus is a genus of muroid rodents, all typically called rats. However, the term rat can also be applied to rodent species outside of this genus.
The fauna of New Guinea comprises a large number of species of mammals, reptiles, birds, fish, invertebrates and amphibians.
The long-footed water rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in the mountains of southern Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forest.
The Giluwe rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Papua New Guinea, on Mount Giluwe and the subalpine grasslands of the Kaijende Highlands.
The Japen rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found only in Yapen, Biak-Supiori, and Owi islands of West Papua, Indonesia.
The Cape York rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in southern New Guinea, in both Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, and in Cape York Peninsula in Australia.
The eastern rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
The New Guinean rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in parts of central Papua New Guinea.
The large New Guinea spiny rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands.
The dusky field rat, also known as the canefield rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Australia, Indonesia, and Papua New Guinea. In Australia it is found in northern Queensland and along the east coast as far south as Shoalwater Bay, where it is plentiful, and on South West Island in the Sir Edward Pellew Group off the Northern Territory, where it is considered a threatened species.
Stein's rat, also known as the small spiny rat, is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in West Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.
The moss-forest rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.
The glacier rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to the New Guinea Highlands near Puncak Trikora and Puncak Jaya, West Papua, Indonesia. Its altitudinal range is 3,225–4,500 m (10,581–14,764 ft) above sea level.
Van Deusen's rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to the mountains of southeast Papua New Guinea.
The slender rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in West Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.
The Admiralty flying fox is a species of fruit bat in the family Pteropodidae, the megabats. It is found in Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands.
The D'Entrecasteaux Archipelago pogonomys, also known as the D'Entrecasteaux Archipelago tree mouse, is a species of prehensile-tailed rat from the family Muridae that is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It was once considered to be a subspecies of the Large Tree Mouse. Deforestation is posing a threat to the species, but it has been suspected that the species has some degree of tolerance towards disturbance of its habitat.
The Manus Island mosaic-tailed rat or Manus melomys is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to the island of Manus in Papua New Guinea where it occurs in forest habitats and is largely arboreal.
Pocock's highland rat is a species of rat of the family Muridae. It is native to New Guinea.
The Gag Island rat or Niken's rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to Gag Island in West Papua, Indonesia.
