The Flores giant rat is a rodent of the family Muridae that occurs on the island of Flores in Indonesia. It has been recorded in Rutong Protection Forest. The species is found in primary, secondary and disturbed forest over a wide range of elevations. Its head and body length is 41–45 cm (16–17.5 in) and its tail length is 33–70 cm (13–27.5 in). These dimensions are about twice as large as those of a typical brown rat, which suggests about eight times the body mass.
The Ryukyu long-tailed giant rat or Ryukyu rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only extant species in the genus Diplothrix. It is found only in the Ryukyu Islands of Japan. Its natural habitat is temperate forests.
The Mount Oku rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is the only species in the genus Lamottemys. It is found only in Cameroon where its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat destruction.
The gray tree rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. only species in the genus Lenothrix. It is found in forests in Indonesia and Malaysia. A common species, the IUCN has rated it as being of "least concern".
The long-footed water rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in the mountains of southern Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forest.
The dusky mosaic-tailed rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae.
The Manusela mosaic-tailed rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Indonesia. It lives in the rainforests on the island of Seram in Indonesia. Specimens of it weigh 66.5g and have a head and body length of 118-135mm and a tail length of 126–140mm.
The dark-tailed tree rat or Sundaic arboreal niviventer is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found on the Malay Peninsula, including some offshore islands, and in parts of the Malay Archipelago. It might be a species complex.
The Enggano Island rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only on Enggano Island, Indonesia. It is critically endangered and has not been collected in more than a century, so is very possibly extinct.
The spiny Ceram rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Seram, Indonesia, which it is named after.
The Mentawai Archipelago rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in the Mentawai Islands of Indonesia, on the islands of Siberut, Sipora, Pagai Utara, and Pagai Selatan.
The Molaccan prehensile-tailed rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in the Halmahera Islands of Indonesia, including Morotai, Halmahera, and Batjan islands.
The Simalur rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Indonesia, on Simalur island and the nearby islands of Siumat, Lasia, and Babi
The Tawitawi forest rat or Tawitawi Island rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Tawi-Tawi, Philippines.
The Isabel naked-tailed rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only on the island of Santa Isabel in the Solomon Islands.
The Biak Island uromys or Biak giant rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is known only from a single specimen collected on the Indonesian island of Biak.
The Great Key Island giant rat, or Great Key Island uromys is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is known only from Great Key Island, Indonesia.
The Tokunoshima spiny rat is a rodent found only on the island of Tokunoshima in the Satsunan Islands of Japan. Due to its small habitat, it is considered endangered. It is commonly found in the secondary and primary subtropical moist broadleaf forests of this island. The karyotype has an odd diploid number, 2n = 45. Like its relative T. osimensis, it is one of the few mammals that lack a Y chromosome and SRY gene.
The Rossel Island melomys is a species of rodent from the family Muridae. It is endemic to Rossel Island in Papua New Guinea, but Flannery (1955) presumed that "it did exist previously on other islands of the group, but has become extinct on all except Rossel." For many years it was seen as a subspecies of the white-bellied mosaic-tailed rat, but is now considered a distinct species. It is listed as data deficient by the IUCN Red List in light of little information on "population status, ecological requirements, and threats". The Rossel Island melomys has not been officially recorded since 1956, but its habitat is still in good condition. The IUCN lists determining population status of the melomys as a "high priority".
The Pavel's Seram mosaic-tailed rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only on the south coast of the island of Seram in Indonesia. At one time it was thought to be a subspecies of the black-tailed mosaic-tailed rat but in 2005, Musser and Carleton raised it to full species level. The IUCN has insufficient information on which to assess its conservation status so it is listed as "data deficient".
