Waterhouse's swamp rat is a semiaquatic rodent species from South America. It is found in southern Brazil, Uruguay and northern Argentina, where it lives in freshwater and salt marshes, as well as open grassland of the pampas. Its karyotype has 2n = 24, substantially lower than its closest relative S. aquaticus with 2n = 32.
The South China field mouse is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in China, India, and Myanmar.
Sokolov's dwarf hamster is a species of rodent in the hamster and vole family Cricetidae. Previously listed as conspecific with Chinese striped hamster, it has been listed as a separate species since 1988. It has a distinctive dark stripe down its back on and otherwise grey body. It is found in China and Mongolia, and lives in burrows beneath desert shrubs.
Desmomys is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to Ethiopia. It contains the following species:
Geoxus is a genus of South American rodents in the tribe Abrotrichini of family Cricetidae. Two species—Geoxus valdivianus and Geoxus annectens are known.
The delicate mouse is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, and possibly Eritrea. Its natural habitat is dry savanna.
Nectomys palmipes, also known as the Trinidad nectomys or Trinidad water rat, is a species of semiaquatic rodent in genus Nectomys of family Cricetidae. It is found on the island of Trinidad and on the nearby mainland of Venezuela.
Nectomys rattus, the small-footed bristly mouse, Amazonian nectomys, Amazonian mouse, or common water rat is a species of rodent in the genus Nectomys of family Cricetidae. It is found in Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela, where it lives in a variety of habitats including lowland tropical rainforest, cerrado and caatinga. It is mainly found in areas close to water. It was recognized as distinct only in 2000 and its limits with other Nectomys, including Nectomys apicalis and Nectomys squamipes, remain unclear.
Nesoryzomys is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae, endemic to the Galápagos Islands. Five species have been described, with two of them considered extinct.
The Malayan tree rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in Malaysia.
Sigmodontomys is a genus of rodent in the tribe Oryzomyini of family Cricetidae. It is related to Nectomys and Melanomys and used to be included in Nectomys. It includes two species, Sigmodontomys alfari and the much rarer Sigmodontomys aphrastus, but whether these are indeed each other's closest relatives is uncertain.
The Isabel naked-tailed rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only on the island of Santa Isabel in the Solomon Islands.
The false zokor is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae. It is found in Mongolia, China and Russia.
The Kenyan African mole-rat or Kenyan mole-rat is a species of rodent in the family Spalacidae. It is endemic to Kenya. Its natural habitats are dry savanna, moist savanna, arable land, pastureland, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, and heavily degraded former forest.
The elegant water shrew is a species of mammal in the subfamily Soricinae of the family Soricidae. It is the only species within the genus Nectogale. It lives in Sikkim and China.
The montane water vole is a species of vole found throughout Europe, from the mountains of northern Spain through central Europe and eastwards through to central Romania. Initially regarded as a species, it was reassigned as a subspecies of terrestris before being again designated as a species by Panteleyev in 2000.
Nectomys apicalis, also known as the western Amazonian nectomys, is a semiaquatic species of rodent in the genus Nectomys of family Cricetidae. It is found east of the Andes in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia, east into western Brazil; further to the east, it is replaced by N. rattus. It lives near watercourses in lowland tropical rainforest. Its karyotype has 2n = 38–42, and it probably actually represents several distinct undescribed species.
Nectomys grandis, also known as the Magdalena-Cauca water rat, is a nocturnal, semiaquatic species of rodent in the genus Nectomys of family Cricetidae. It is found in western and northern Colombia at altitudes from sea level to 2000 m, including the basins of the Magdalena, Cauca and Porce rivers. It has two subspecies, N. g. grandis and N. g. magdalenae.
Geoxus annectens, also known as Pearson's long-clawed akodont or Pearson's long-clawed mouse, is a species of rodent in the tribe Abrotrichini of family Cricetidae. Molecular data suggests that its closest relative is Geoxus valdivianus. Formerly classified in its own genus, Pearsonomys, named after American zoologist Oliver Payne Pearson, it was moved to Geoxus in 2016 after a morphological and genetic reevaluation of the tribe Abrotrichini. This rodent is endemic to Chile, where it is found in Nothofagus forest of the Valdivian temperate rainforest ecoregion.
The fecund vesper mouse is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is known only from Bolivia, where it is found in the yungas and Tucumano boliviano forest ecoregions at elevations from 600 to 2700 m. It is regarded by some authorities as conspecific with C. boliviae, and by some as conspecific with C. venustus, despite having a karyotype with 2n = 54 while C. venustus generally has a karyotype with 2n = 56.
