| Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Terrorism in Bangladesh | ||||||||
 The location of Khulna Division. | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| Belligerents | ||||||||
 Bangladesh |
 BCP New BCP | |||||||
| Casualties and losses | ||||||||
| 25+ Security Force members dead [1] | 918+ Maoist insurgents dead [1] 4,237+ Maoist insurgents surrendered [3] [4] [5] | Unknown | ||||||
| Total: 1,191+ deaths [6] [7] [8] | ||||||||
The Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh is a conflict between the Government of Bangladesh and the multiple Maoist groups within Bangladesh, such as the PBCP, New BCP, GMF, etc.
The Purbo Banglar Communist Party was founded in 1968. During the Bangladesh Liberation War the group aligned itself with Pakistan and China against Bangladeshi nationalists and the Soviet Union. [9] [ failed verification ]
The PBCP became involved in criminal activities in the 1990s in order to finance itself. [10] [ failed verification ] In 1993 the PBCP started a war against the BCP for control over Khulna and for ideological differences (the BCP is exclusively Maoist while the PBCP had become a mixture of Maoism and Naxalism). [8] In the 2000s the PBCP underwent several splits, the most important of which took place in 2003, forming the PBCP-J (Purbo Banglar Communist Party-Janajuddha, dedicated to socialist revolution) thus starting an internal conflict that has killed 18 people. [11] In 2002, Gazi Kamrul, the founder of BCP, was detained from his residence during Operation Clean Heart on 23 August 2002. [12] Since 2005 the PBCP has begun to extend its insurrection with terrorist attacks, clashing with the government and also with rival Islamist groups like the JMJB. [13] [14] In 2006, the PBCP-J also began to carry out attacks and clashed with the government. [15] Between 2005 and 2006, 379 people died in the insurgency. [6] After this period, the insurrection diminished in intensity from year to year with fewer incidents.
| Year | Deaths |
|---|---|
| 1993 | 34 |
| 1994 | 8 |
| 1995 | 2 |
| 2000 | 3 |
| 2001 | 3 |
| 2002 | 43 |
| 2003 | 133 |
| 2004 | 212 |
| 2005 | 193 |
| 2006 | 186 |
| 2007 | 72 |
| 2008 | 54 |
| 2009 | 86 |
| 2010 | 39 |
| 2011 | 19 |
| 2012 | 10 |
| 2013 | 24 |
| 2014 | 12 |
| 2015 | 14 |
| 2016 | 17 |
| 2017 | 13 |
| 2018 | 8 |
| 2019 | 3 |
| 2020 | 2 |
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2022 | 0 |
| 2023 | 0 |
| 2024 | 0 |
| Total | 1,191+ [16] [1] |
From 1993 to 2022 there were 1,191+ deaths in the insurgency. From the period 2003-2006 (the most violent period of the insurgency) there were 724 deaths.
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