The Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh is a conflict between the Government of Bangladesh and the multiple Maoist groups within Bangladesh, such as the PBCP, New BCP, GMF, etc.
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The Maoist insurgency in Bangladesh is a conflict between the Government of Bangladesh and the multiple Maoist groups within Bangladesh, such as the PBCP, New BCP, GMF, etc.
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The Purbo Banglar Communist Party was founded in 1968. During the Bangladesh Liberation War the group aligned itself with Pakistan and China against Bangladeshi nationalists and the Soviet Union. [9] [ failed verification ]
The PBCP became involved in criminal activities in the 1990s in order to finance itself. [10] [ failed verification ] In 1993 the PBCP started a war against the BCP for control over Khulna and for ideological differences (the BCP is exclusively Maoist while the PBCP had become a mixture of Maoism and Naxalism). [8] In the 2000s the PBCP underwent several splits, the most important of which took place in 2003, forming the PBCP-J (Purbo Banglar Communist Party-Janajuddha, dedicated to socialist revolution) thus starting an internal conflict that has killed 18 people. [11] In 2002, Gazi Kamrul, the founder of BCP, was detained from his residence during Operation Clean Heart on 23 August 2002. [12] Since 2005 the PBCP has begun to extend its insurrection with terrorist attacks, clashing with the government and also with rival Islamist groups like the JMJB. [13] [14] In 2006, the PBCP-J also began to carry out attacks and clashed with the government. [15] Between 2005 and 2006, 379 people died in the insurgency. [6] After this period, the insurrection diminished in intensity from year to year with fewer incidents.
| Year | Deaths |
|---|---|
| 1993 | 34 |
| 1994 | 8 |
| 1995 | 2 |
| 2000 | 3 |
| 2001 | 3 |
| 2002 | 43 |
| 2003 | 133 |
| 2004 | 212 |
| 2005 | 193 |
| 2006 | 186 |
| 2007 | 72 |
| 2008 | 54 |
| 2009 | 86 |
| 2010 | 39 |
| 2011 | 19 |
| 2012 | 10 |
| 2013 | 24 |
| 2014 | 12 |
| 2015 | 14 |
| 2016 | 17 |
| 2017 | 13 |
| 2018 | 8 |
| 2019 | 3 |
| 2020 | 2 |
| 2021 | 1 |
| 2022 | 0 |
| 2023 | 0 |
| 2024 | 0 |
| 2025 | 1 |
| Total | 1,191+ [16] [1] |
From 1993 to 2022 there were 1,191+ deaths in the insurgency. From the period 2003-2006 (the most violent period of the insurgency) there were 724 deaths.
